IR@SPA Bhopal
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Role of Traffic and Land -use on Driver's Behavior
No full textDriving can be seen as a purposeful action aimed at reaching a destination. The primary goals of driving include arriving on time and ensuring safety. When these goals are hindered, emotions may arise, potentially influencing behavioral adjustments. Any obstruction to achieving these goals tends to elicit negative effects, whereas facilitating goal-directed behavior typically fosters positive outcomes.
Bhopal was chosen due to its diverse urban layout, encompassing a mix of planned and unplanned city forms, which significantly influence traffic dynamics and driver conduct. By analyzing variables such as age, gender, marital status, education, and driving experience, researchers uncovered distinct patterns in driver behavior across different urban zones. Notably, areas transitioning between planned and unplanned development exhibit higher rates of risky, aggressive, and negligent driving behaviors. Conversely, drivers in fully planned areas tend to demonstrate increased adherence to traffic rules, albeit with occasional tendencies towards violations.
The research employed a multifaceted approach combining surveys and statistical analysis to comprehensively assess driver behavior in Bhopal city. Surveys provided insights into demographic factors influencing driving habits, such as age, gender, marital status, education, and driving experience. Statistical analysis was utilized to identify significant correlations, such as between gender and marital status with critical driving behaviors and driving experience with aggressive driving tendencies. These findings underscore the complexity of driver behavior as influenced by both personal characteristics and environmental factors, necessitating nuanced strategies for enhancing road safety.
The research underscores the critical need for targeted interventions aimed at mitigating hazardous driving practices and promoting safer behaviors among Bhopal's motorists. By understanding the intricate relationship between urban form, demographic attributes, and driving conduct, policymakers can tailor interventions that address specific risk factors prevalent in different city sectors. Implementing effective traffic management strategies, educational campaigns, and enforcement measures emerges as imperative to curbing traffic incidents and fostering a safer driving culture citywide. Ultimately, the research advocates for a holistic approach to road safety that integrates urban planning considerations with behavioral insights to achieve lasting improvements in traffic management and public safety outcomes
Enhancing last Mile Connectivity Through Inclusive Planning A case of Namma Metro, Bengaluru Master
No full text“An advanced city is not one where even the poor use cars, but rather one where even the rich use public transport”, Enrique Penalosa, 2013.
The need for sustainable solutions is of prime importance, as the demand for better infrastructure increases with rapid urbanization and conventional planning methods struggle to keep pace. A paradigm shift is required towards inclusive, citizen centric planning, where public participation transcends mere formality and becomes a cornerstone for creating equitable co-producing cities. This imperative extends to mobility planning, where traditional practices succumb to sustainable smart mobility solutions aimed at reducing congestion, emissions, etc. Furthermore, dynamic cities demand more than just technocratic advocacy that necessitates the integration of planning, governance, technology, and active citizen participation to achieve this vision.
This research focuses specifically on designing a participatory framework for enhancing last mile connectivity for the metro, a critical factor in optimizing the expanding metro system and achieving sustainable mobility goals in Bengaluru, one of India's largest and fastest growing global metropolises. The riders are acknowledged as the co-creators and co producers of the metro system, which needs to be realized to optimum potential to enable them to bridge the gap between envisioned planning on paper and it’s on ground execution. The research primarily focuses on four objectives.
Informed by existing models of collaboration between government agencies, end users, and civil societies in sustainable mobility, the various categories of participatory tools present for sustaining a service are identified along with the scale of collaboration and type of interaction practiced. Secondly, is to evaluate the functioning of governance in Bengaluru that addresses last mile connectivity. The research will identify factors affecting last mile connectivity, analyze the role of supporting actors in bridging the gap between policy intent and implementation, and explore the scope of participatory mechanisms for enhancing last mile connectivity. Thirdly, the research evaluates the effectiveness of governance in addressing last mile connectivity challenges, by studying the nature & extent of partnership between civil societies, end users & government agencies for last mile connectivity, which shall be investigated through various categories of participatory tools present, the scale and type of interaction required. The objective is to assess the government's approach through elements like equity, spatial justice, and collaborative planning and analyze their impact on metro ridership and the range of users benefitted. The research shall be conducted through qualitative methodology and the findings shall be validated through existing quantitative data conducted by relevant organizations to understand the participatory transport planning process (PTPP) in Bengaluru. Diverse data collection methods shall be employed including key informant surveys that will lastly, inform the proposed framework outlining optimal forms of engagement in the context of Bengaluru’s mobility planning and hold the potential to be generalized to enhance last mile connectivity throughout the metro system, contributing to a more inclusive, sustainable, and citizen centric urban mobility landscape
विभाग और जनप्रतिनिधियों की ओर से दिये गए सुझाव ।
No full textProfessor Vijya Nanda from SPA an organization working on smart city projects mentioned that a plan will be developed in the coming 20 years
एसपीए का दीक्षांत समारोह 25 को ( The convocation ceremony of SPA will be held on the 25th)
No full textThe convocation ceremony of SPA will be held on the 25th, during which 350 degrees will be conferred
Comparing EV and CNG Buses in Delhi
No full textPublic transportation plays a vital role in urban mobility, and enhancing passenger comfort is crucial for attracting ridership and promoting sustainable transportation choices. With the increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and compressed natural gas (CNG) buses, it is essential to examine how these alternative fuel sources impact passenger comforts. This research investigates the factors that influence passenger comfort in electric vehicles (EVs) and compressed natural gas (CNG) buses, offering a comparative analysis of passenger experiences in these sustainable public transportation modes. The study focused on key comfort parameters like noise levels, passenger count, temperature, humidity, and vehicle speed etc. within the Delhi National Capital Territory (NCT). A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining device-based measurements of objective comfort factors with questionnaire-based surveys to capture passengers' subjective experiences and preferences. The collected data was analysed to create a passenger comfort index using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This index incorporates insights from the research and accounts for additional comfort parameters often missing from traditional Service Level Benchmarking (SLB) in public transportation. The findings indicate that EVs and CNG buses offer distinct advantages and potential areas for improvement in terms of passenger comfort. The resulting passenger comfort index and accompanying analysis provide a valuable resource for transportation planners, policymakers, and vehicle manufacturers. By understanding the nuances of passenger comfort in these environmentally friendly modes, stakeholders can implement targeted strategies to enhance the overall passenger experience. This research contributes to promoting sustainable transportation choices by ensuring passenger comfort remains a central consideration in urban mobility solutions. In conclusion, the study offers valuable insights into the factors that influence passenger comfort in environmentally-conscious public transportation. The resulting passenger comfort index and policy recommendations can inform decision-makers, transportation providers, and vehicle manufacturers, leading to improved passenger experiences and increased adoption of transportation modes.
Keywords: Passenger comfort, public transportation, Noise levels, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Service Level Benchmarking (SLB
Assessing Spatial Variation of Cultural Ecosystem Services Within City’s Green Spaces
No full textCultural ecosystem services (CES) are the facilities and processes that support social and cultural practices, as well as the holistic development of an individual. As a distinct category within the spectrum of ecosystem services, CES underscores the non-material advantages offered by ecosystems. This includes spiritual satisfaction, cognitive development, reflection, recreation, and aesthetic experiences, all of which contribute to the enhancement of human well-being.
In the urban ecosystems, the demand for cultural ecosystem services (CES) has greatly increased due to higher stress levels in urban residents. Urban green spaces, as a vital component of modern cities, act as physical structures that enable and shape multiple aspects of human lifestyle. This study delves into how urban green spaces in cities contribute to human well-being in ways that go beyond just physical benefits. These spaces offer things like mental relaxation, spiritual connection, and cultural experiences, which are increasingly important in busy urban environments. Understanding the cultural ecosystem service potential of these spaces is thus essential for effective urban planning and management.
At its core, the study aims to understand what makes these spaces culturally significant, to see how the physical features of parks relate to the cultural experiences they provide, and to come up with practical ideas for making these spaces more valuable and thus more usable to urban residents. Also, study explores how these services are distributed over a geographical area and what are the impacts of the spatial heterogeneity on service heterogeneity within different parts of a city. The research employs a multi-faceted approach, integrating traditional methods with advanced data mining techniques to tap into the collective wisdom and experiences of urban residents. The study yields valuable insights into the cultural ecosystem service potential of urban parks, and gardens. It integrates web sourced geotagged data to analyse and visualize the spatial distribution of UGS supply capacity and CES processes determining the actual use.
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Assessing spatial variation of cultural ecosystem services within city’s green spaces
Anchored within the context of urban ecosystems, this study endeavours to highlight invaluable insights into the intricate relationship between UGS and CES, paving the way for informed urban planning and management strategies. By elucidating the spatial nuances of CES provision, the research aims to encourage a shift towards sustainable urban development, where green spaces emerge as vibrant hubs nurturing cultural enrichment and societal well-being
Fostering Social Ecological Resilience in Sensitive Landscapes through Tourism based Approaches: case of Thanga Island, Loktak lake, Manipur
No full textLoktak Lake in the Bishnupur district of Manipur is North East India’s largest freshwater lake. Part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot (Kangabam, Bhoominathan, & Munisamy, 16). Loktak Lake is home to rich floral and faunal bio-diversity and traditional practices of the communities living in and around it, making it a unique ecosystem (study, 2009).
Owing to this, the Loktak lake ecosystem can be considered a living heritage complex. Over the last forty years, Loktak has seen steady ecological deterioration and a shift in land use patterns (Kangabam, Muniswamy, & Govindaraju, 2019). The water levels kept optimum by the Loktak hydro-electric project, built in 1979, for generating electricity has submerged 20,000 hectares of cultivable land (The Hindu, 2016) and changed the ecological patterns of the lake permanently (Kangabam, Bhoominathan, & Munisamy, 16).This has threatened the sustenance of several species dwelling within the eco-system and communities' traditional practices and livelihoods.
These changes have resulted in conflicts between several stakeholders over the management and exploitation of resources.
Using socioecological model (Ungar, et al., 2020) and toolkits for indicators of socio-ecological resilience of landscape, the relationship and conflicts may be better comprehended. The methods adopted for this research would be stakeholder survey, interviews, change mapping and case studies. By documenting the changes and their implications on the lives of those dependent on this ecosystem and the demands of various stakeholders, this thesis seeks to understand the issues and design solutions and probable pathways towards to conflict mitigation and sustainable natural resource management
Relevance of Sata Sahi in Managing the Sacred and Cultural Spatial Configuration of Shreekhetra, Puri, Odisha
No full textThe Sata Sahi, a collection of seven traditional neighbourhoods surrounding the Jagannath Temple in Puri, plays a vital role in shaping the sacred and cultural spatial configuration of Shreekhetra. Historically, these areas were integral to the functioning of the Jagannath Temple, serving as spaces for temple rituals, accommodation for sevayats (temple servants), and hubs for pilgrim services. Each neighbourhood within the Sata Sahi carries its own distinct cultural identity, contributing to the rich tapestry of traditions that define Shreekhetra as a spiritual epicentre. However, modern urban pressures and evolving lifestyles have altered their original roles and significance.
This study investigates the contemporary relevance of these traditional neighbourhoods, focusing on how they manage the delicate balance between preserving religious heritage and accommodating modern needs. It explores how the Sata Sahi continues to influence the daily rituals of the Jagannath Temple, the role of these neighbourhoods in cultural preservation, and their participation in festivals like the annual Rath Yatra. Moreover, the study delves into the socio-cultural dynamics at play, analysing how the interaction between residents, pilgrims, and temple authorities has shaped the spatial layout of Shreekhetra over time.
The research also addresses the challenges faced by these neighbourhoods in the face of urban development and tourism, examining strategies for maintaining their cultural essence while adapting to contemporary demands. By assessing the historical, cultural, and religious significance of the Sata Sahi, this study aims to highlight their continued importance in safeguarding the sacred geography of Shreekhetra, ensuring that the cultural heritage of Puri remains vibrant and sustainable for future generations.
Keyword: Shreekhetra, Sankhakhetra , Sata Sah
Landscape design of national institute of minorities, Alwar
No full textAccording to the Alwar Gazetteer, Kishangarh Bas tehsil is a semi-arid territory in Alwar district encircled by the Aravalli Range (Ajabgarh series), which encloses fertile valleys between them. Shifting sand dunes caused by sandstorms pushed by strong summer winds from Jaipur and Jhunjhunu cover a piece of the Kishangarh Bas. This region's forest type is dry deciduous forest (Anogeissus pendula). In this tehsil, there is no permanent river. The climate is hot and dry, with summer temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius (associated by sandstorms). Rain and ground water are the two main sources of water, major part of Kishangarh has water depth that varies from 20- 30m (Ground water department, 2013) which is constantly depleting over time. Environmental changes, including changing rainfall patterns and vegetation, have affected the region’s ecology, impacting local flora and fauna. Years of irrational ‘greening’ along with recent land-use changes and uncertain monsoons have altered the area (Rahman, 2022), native vegetation is being replaced by exotic plantation. While countries across the world have studied and revered their shrubland and grassland. In India, we have serious disconnect with these habitats (Bhatnagar, 2021).
It is necessary to address issues of overexploitation of water and loss of native vegetation especially grasses and shrubs, these plants can survive in such harsh conditions. Methods that will be applied to achieve ecological restoration are climatic analysis, landscape mapping, interviews, and soil analysis. This study will therefore result in design guidelines that will ensure resource efficiency through shift towards plantation of native vegetation and water conservation
Water Management in a Hilly Area, Kohima
No full textWater management in hilly regions or areas involves techniques to efficiently use and conserve water supplies despite the difficult topography. In this context, the emphasis will be on using rainwater harvesting techniques for water management, particularly to ensure its availability and use during the dry season. Rainwater harvesting entails collecting and storing rainwater for a variety of reasons. By collecting rainwater during the rainy season, communities can reduce water shortages during dry periods, increasing drought resilience and decreasing dependency on external water supplies. Despite experiencing heavy rainfall during the monsoon season, Kohima City encounters water shortages, particularly in the dry season due to limited rainwater capture and storage capacity. Water management in the hilly urban area of Kohima is crucial as it frequently encounters problems of shortage in water across many areas during the dry season and the availability of water remains limited the whole year through. As a result, residents are compelled to rely on private water supply or purchase water from water tankers which all can’t afford to do. Although government water supply connections are available, the supply of water is irregular and insufficient. They are also prone to pipeline damage due to mismanagement of pipes along the roads and pathways. Only a few residents of the city are supplied with sufficient water and so the inequity in the availability and supply of water remains. Although Kohima receives rainfall in abundance, the hilly terrain and the lack of residential space pose challenges to storing and sustaining rainwater till the dry season. This thesis focuses on the water management challenges faced by the people of Kohima and the goal is to assess heavy rainfall management. It looks into developing strategies to conserve rainwater and efficiently utilize it during the period of scarcity. The research focuses on investigating traditional water management methods, particularly rainwater harvesting practices such as collecting rainwater via roofs. The study involves assessing the capacity for rainwater storage in these systems. Subsequently, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are utilized to analyze suitable locations for community storage tanks, where the calculated potential of rainwater can be stored. It emphasizes the importance of addressing water scarcity which has been going on.
for a long period, and taking action for it by storing the rainwater till the dry season. The stored rainwater will be distributed equitably among the community members, ensuring that water is equally available to everyone regardless of their socio-economic background. This approach addresses water scarcity issues and will provide access to a vital resource for all residents