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Bio-food production opportunities and support programs in the condition of the Covid-19 pandemic (ბიოსასურსათო პროდუქტების წარმოების შესაძლებლობები და მხარდამჭერი პროგრამები კოვიდ 19 პანდემიის პირობებში)
No full text1. თოდუა ნ. (2017). „გლობალიზაციის გავლენა ჯანსაღი კვებისადმი ქართველი მომხმარებლების დამოკიდებულებაზე“.
http://eprints.tsu.ge/399/1/The%20Impact%20of%20Globalization%20on%20the%20Attitude%20of%20Georgian%20Con
sumers%20to%20Healthy%20Nutrition.pdf
2. ლაზარიაშვილი თ. (2017). „ბიოპროდუქტების ბაზარი: მსოფლიო გამოცდილება ბიოპროდუქტების წარმოებაში და გამოწვევები საქართველოში“, საერთაშორისო სამეცნიერო კონფერენცია ,,გეოგრაფია გლობალურ
კონტექსტში: მიღწევები და გამოწვევები“, ქუთაისი, აკ. წერეთლის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი
3. მირველაშვილი მ., უჯმაჯურიძე ლ., ბერუაშვილი მ. (2020). „გარდამავალი პერიოდი ანუ როგორ დავიწყოთ
ყურძნის ბიოწარმოება“. http://srca.gov.ge/files/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%-
E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90.pdf
4. სირბილაძე გ., მემარნიშვილი ნ. (2016). საქართველოს ფერმერთა კოოპერატივების ანგარიში. http://www.elkana.-
org.ge/uploads/98/Cooperative%20Research%20Georgia-Geo.pdf
5. ხარაიშვილი ე. (2017). ღვინის ბაზარი და მევენახეობა-მეღვინეობის დივერსიფიკაციის კონკურენტული
მოდელები საქართველოში, თბილისი, გვ. 114.
6. Lazariashvili T. (2020). “DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPING THE PRODUCTION OF LOCAL AGRO-FOOD PRODUCTS
IN GEORGIA”. International Scientific and Practical Internet Conference, ORGANIZATION’S STRATEGY VS
REALITIES OF THE VUCA-WORLD “, Kyiv, SHEI KNEU named after V. Hetman
7. Lazariashvili T. (2019). “The Impact of Agro-insurance on Farming Development”, ICBEMM 2019: International
Conference on Business, Economics, Management and Marketin, Rome, Italy. https://panel.waset.org/conference/2019/10/rome/ICBEMM
8. Lazariashvili T. (2020). “Trends in wine market development and expansion in Georgia “(The case of Kakheti region). V
International scientific and practical conference “Strategic Imperatives of Modern Management”. https://ir.kneu.edu.-
ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/32889/sism_20_81-84.pdf sequence=1&isAllowed=y
9. Natsvlishvili I., Kharaishvili E., Lazariashvili T. (2020). “Bio-products market in Georgia: current challenges and
development perspectives, International Journal of Markets and Business Systems, Volume 4, Issue 1.
https://www.inderscienceonline.com/toc/ijmabs/4/1
10. Natsvlishvili I., Kharaishvili E., Lazariashvili T. (2020). “Impact of agro tourism on economic development of related
sectors in the context of sustainable well-being (case of Georgia)”. Int. J. Markets and Business Systems, Vol. 4, No. 2
11. Nsiah, Wallace. (2017). “The future of food and agriculture Trends and challenges”. Food and Agriculture Organization of
the United Nations Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6583e.pdf
12. Kharaishvili E., Natsvlishvili I. IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL MIGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF
GLOBALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION (CASE OF GEORGIA), EDULEARN19 Proceedings. 11th International
Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. July 1st-3rd, 2019 — Palma, Mallorca, Spain. Edited by L.
Gómez Chova, A. López Martínez, I. Candel Torres. IATED Academy. Published by IATED Academy iated.org
13. Kharaishvili, E., Gechbaia, B., & Mushkudiani, Z. (2019). The trends of producing agro-food products and export
innovative marketing strategy in Georgia. Economics. Ecology. Socium, 3(3), 1-10.
14. Kharaishvili E., B. Gechbaia, G. Erkomaishvili , M. Lobzhanidze and I. Natsvlishvili. Shipping policy of agri-food
products and the formation of food markets in Georgia. MATEC Web Conf. Volume 339, 2021
15. Businessformula, https://businessformula.ge/News/3430
16. EU Georgia: ევროკავშირი - სიდიდით მეორე ბიო ბაზარი მსოფლიოში http://eugeorgia.info/ka/article/608/-
evrokavshiri---sididit-meore-bio-bazari-msoflioshi/
17. Farm Service Agency and Organic Agriculture https://www.fsa.usda.gov/programs-and-services/outreach-and-education/help-for-organic-farming/index
18. IFOAM, GUIDELINES FOR PUBLIC SUPPORT TO ORGANIC AGRICULTURE, First edition: September 2017.
https://www.ifoam.bio/sites/default/files/policy_toolkit_main_report.pdfThe article describes the possibilities of producing bio-food products and gives its support programs in the conditions of Covid Pandemic. The level of interest of the population in these products and the tendency of increasing demand for them have been studied.
The paper analyzes the level of competition in the market of organic products, identifies the main suppliers and consumers of organic products. It is concluded that the highest consumption of organic products is observed in rich countries. The world market for organic products has undergone significant changes in recent years. If before organic products were intended only for elite consumers, today there is a tendency for all type of
consumers to be interested in these products and the competition has also increased.
The article analyzes the European model of bio-food production and relevant market. The production of bio-food products in Georgia lags far behind European requirements, however, in the Georgian bio-products market there is a layer of consumers who are in favor of healthy food and are willing to pay different prices. Government support programs for organic farms during the pandemic are analyzed. Based on the market analysis
of bio-food products, conclusions are made about the problems in the production of bio-food products and relevant recommendations are proposed
Challenges of Modern Organisation in the Post-pandemic Period
No full text1. Balog, K. (2020). The concept and competitiveness of the agile organisation in the fourth industrial revolution's drift.
Strategic Management, 25(3), 01-27.
2. Beier, G., Niehoff, S., Ziems, T., & Xue, B. (2017). Sustainability aspects of a digitalised industry–A comparative study
from China and Germany. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 4(2),
227-234.
3. Braccini, A.M., & Margherita, E.G. (2018). Exploring Organizational Sustainability of Industry 4.0 under the Triple Bottom Line: The Case of a Manufacturing Company. Sustainability, 11, 36.
4. Claeys, G., Darvas, Z., Demertzis, M., & Wolff, G. B. (2021). The higher COVID-19 divergence: managing a sustainable
and equitable recovery in the European Union. Policy Contribution, 11, 1-15.
5. Di Pierro, M. (2017). What is the blockchain?. Computing in Science & Engineering, 19(5), 92-95.
6. European Commission (2020a). Circular economy action plan. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/environment/strategy/circular-economy-action-plan_sl
7. European Commission (2020b). Long term action plan for better implementation and enforcement of single market rules.
Retrieved from: https://www.europeansources.info/record/long-term-action-plan-for-better-implementation-and-enforcement-of-single-market-rules/
8. European Commission. (2021). Shaping Europe's digital future: Online platforms. Retrieved from: https://digitalstrategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/online-platforms
9. European Council and Council of the European Union (2021). A recovery plan for Europe. Retrieved from:
https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/eu-recovery-plan/.
10. Ferry- Pisani, J. (2020). European Union recovery funds: strings attached, but not tied up in knots. Policy Contribution,
19, 1-10.
11. Free, C., & Hecimovic, A. (2021). Global supply chains after COVID-19: the end of the road for neoliberal globalisation?.
Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 34(1), 58-84.
12. Fujii, M., Fujita, T., Dong, L., Lu, C., Geng, Y., Behera, S. K., ...& Chiu, A. S. F. (2016). Possibility of developing lowcarbon industries through urban symbiosis in Asian cities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 376-386.
13. Gkeredakis, M., Lifshitz-Assaf, H., & Barrett, M. (2021). Crisis as opportunity, disruption and exposure: Exploring
emergent responses to crisis through digital technology. Information and Organization, 31(1), 100344.
14. Hiremath, V., Mohapatra, K., & Paila, S. (2021). A study on digital learning, learning and development interventions and
learnability of working executives in corporates. American Journal of Business, 36(1), 35-61.
15. Jovanović, A. & Milosavljevic, A. (2019). Vortex enterprise: decentralised virtual reality blockchain-based platform. Facta
Universitatis, Series: Automatic Control and Robotics, 18(1), 57-77.
16. Jovanović A & Milosavljević A. (2022). VoRtex Metaverse Platform for Gamified Collaborative Learning. Electronics,
11(3), 317.
17. Lechler, S., Canzaniello, A., & Rossman, B. (2019). Real-time data processing in suppy chain management: revealing the
uncertainty dilemma. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics, 49(10), 1003-1019.
18. Mollet, F. & Pilati, M. (2021). Updating the European industrial strategy for the post pandemic world. Brussels: European
Policy Centre.
19. Pandzic, L. (2021). Impact of brexit on uk-eu trade relationship. Ecoforum Journal, 10(1).
20. Persis, D. J., Venkatesh, V. G., Sreedharan, V. R., Shi, Y., & Sankaranarayanan, B. (2021). Modelling and analysing the
impact of Circular Economy; Internet of Things and ethical business practices in the VUCA world: Evidence from the
food processing industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 301, 126871.
21. Potočan, V., Mulej, M., & Nedelko, Z. (2020). Society 5.0: balancing of Industry 4.0, economic advancement and social
problems. Kybernetes, 50(3), 794-811.
22. Rapaccini, M., Saccani, N., Kowalkowski, C., Paiola, M., & Adrodegari, F. (2020). Navigating disruptive crises through
service-led growth: The impact of COVID-19 on Italian manufacturing firms. Industrial Marketing Management, 88, 225-
237.
23. Reddy, K., Gunasekaran, A., Kalpana, P., & Sreedharan, R. (2021). Developing a blockhain framework for the automotive
suppy chain: A systematic review. Computes & Industrial Engineering, 157.
24. Roblek, V., Thorpe, O., Bach, M. P., Jerman, A., & Meško, M. (2020). The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Sustainability Practices: A Comparative Automated Content Analysis Approach of Theory and Practice. Sustainability, 12(20),
8497.
25. Roblek, V., Meško, M., Pušavec, F., & Likar, B. (2021). The role and meaning of the digital transformation as a disruptive
innovation on small and medium manufacturing enterprises. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 2129.
26. World Economic forum (2020). The Future of Jobs Report 2020. Retrieved at: https://www.weforum.org/reports/thefuture-of-jobs-report-2020.
27. Xu, L. D., Xu, E. L., & Li, L. (2018). Industry 4.0: state of the art and future trends. International Journal of Production
Research, 56(8), 2941-2962.Since the financial crisis of 2008, the global economy has become highly volatile and subject The economic
ecosystem has become highly volatile in the last decade. It is the subject of disruptive crises. Among the numerous
strategic variables and vectors that determine the social-economic situation at the global and local levels, two
processes stand out today: digitalisation and the pandemic, with their temporal and spatial coincidence having a
converging meaning and importance. The theoretical study presents the organisational challenges and possible
responses to them in adapting enterprises to the challenges of the post-Covid-19 world
Some issues of preparation and submission of financial statements in the conditions of COVID - 19 (ფინანსური ანგარიშგების მომზადების და წარდგენის საკითხები COVID - 19-ის პირობებში)
No full textIAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements, 2021 (In Georgian).
IAS 2 – Inventories, 2021. (In Georgian).
IAS 36 – Impairment of Assets, 2021. (In Georgian).
IFRS 13 – Fair Value Measurement, 2021. (In Georgian).
IFRS 16 – Lease, 2022. (In Georgian).
Vardiashvili M. (2019). Some Issues of Measurement of Impairment of Non-Financial Assets
in the Public Sector; https://publications.waset.org/10010307/some-issues-of-measurementof-
impairment-of-non-financial-assets-in-the-public-sector, Vol:13, No:5
Vardiashvili M., Maisuradze M.( 2022), COVID 19 Pandemic and its Impact on Revenue
Recognition. ISBN 978-9941-491-70-2
(pdf) https://tsu.ge/assets/media/files/7/siaxle%202022/2022---%20 konferencia.pdf
Maisuradze M. (2019). Key Aspects of Valuing and Impairing an Enterprise's Non-
FinancialAssets.Monograph(InGeorgian). https://www.tsu.ge/data/file_db/economist_faculty
/monogmaisur.pdf
Sabauri L., Kvatashidze N. (2022) Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Preparation of
Financial Statements. ISBN 978-9941-491-70-2
(pdf) https://tsu.ge/assets/media/files/7/siaxle%202022/2022---%20 konferencia.pdf
Maisuradze M. (2018) APPLICATION OF THE ENTITY ASSETS MEASUREMENT
METHODS IN PREPARING THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Ecoforum Journal Vol 7, No
3 (2018). http://www.ecoforumjournal.ro/index.php/eco/article/view/827/523
Tokar M., Kumar S. (2020), Applying IFRS Standards in 2020— Impact of COVID-
19, https://www.ifrs.org/content/dam/ifrs/news/2020/inbrief-covid19-oct2020.pdf
IOSCO Statement on Importance of Disclosure about COVID-19 The International
Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) encourages issuers’ fair disclosure about
COVID-19 related impacts. Madrid, 29 May
2020. https://www.iosco.org/library/pubdocs/pdf/IOSCOPD655.pdf
Clearly IFRS — Accounting Considerations Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019
https://www.iasplus.com/enca/publications/publications/2020/clearly-ifrs-accounting-considerationsrelated-
to-coronavirus-disease-2019
IFRS 16 and COVID-19: Accounting for COVID-19-Related Rent Concessions Applying IFRS 16 Leases.
https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/insights/2020/03/covid-19-financial-reporting-resourcecentre.
html
https://www.grantthornton-bq.com/publications/bonaire/covid-19-impact-on-2020-financialstatements/
https://www.markspaneth.com/insights/industry/service/covid-19s-impact-4
https://assets.ey.com › ey-com › en_gl › topics EY -Applying IFRS - IFRS accounting
considerations of the Coronavirus pandemic November 2020;
https://cdn.ifrs.org/content/dam/ifrs/project/ifrs-16-covid-19/ed-rent-concessions-beyond-30-
june-2021.pdf (Proposed amendment to IFRS 16)The coronavirus pandemic has created uncertainties of an unprecedented scale in the global
economy. Businesses experience disruptions of supply chain and significant losses. As a result of the
decline in business activities, many enterprises around the world have been affected and millions of
people have lost their jobs. Significant changes have taken place in the financial and commodity
markets as well.
Many governments have taken various measures to provide financial and non-financial assistance to
the affected sectors of the economy, businesses and individual enterprises.
All this has somewhat complicated the preparation of financial statements in accordance with the
international standards (IFRS).
Against the background of the current uncertainty caused by COVID 19, enterprises need to ensure
the preparation of high quality financial statements, which play an important role in the proper
functioning of the capital market.
Changes in economic activity have led to the need of revision of the terms of existing contracts and
agreements of the enterprises. For example, terms of contracts, leases, and various financial assets
and liabilities with customers, as well as asset impairment and changes in the impairment testing
assumptions, estimates of expected credit losses for loans and other financial assets, etc.
Changes and uncertainties caused by the pandemics have a significant impact on the estimates of the
elements of financial reporting. Nevertheless, each entity must ensure the application of the relevant
requirements of IFRS in all of these matters.
The present article highlights some of the challenges posed by pandemic uncertainties in the course
of preparation of financial statements
Challenges of funding scientific researches during a pandemic in Georgia (სამეცნიერო კვლევების დაფინანსების გამოწვევები პანდემიის დროს საქართველოში)
No full text1. საქართველოს განათლებისა და მეცნიერების სამინისტრო, მთავრობის ანგარიში მოქალაქეებს (2020)
https://www.gov.ge/files/
2. Gagnidze, I. (2018) The Role of International Educational and Science Programs for Sustainable Development (Systemic
Approach), Kybernetes, 47(2), 409-424. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1108/K-03-2017-0114
3. Sobolieva, T., & Lazarenko, Y. (2019) Intellectual Property Management in the Shift Towards Open Innovation. Int. J.
Economics and Business, 11(2), 185-195. Retrieved from https://dspace.tsu.ge/handle/123456789/358
4. Vesperi, W., & Gagnidze, I. (in press). From the university ecosystem to the entrepreneurial ecosystem - the way for
developing of the local economy. International journal of Economics and Business Research. Retrieved from https://doi.-
org/10.1504/ijebr.2022.10041232
5. საქართველოს განათლებისა და მეცნიერების სამინისტროს ოფიციალური ვებ-გვერდი: https://mes.gov.ge/publicInfo/?page_id=143
6. Polodashvili, A. (2020). The challenges of science management ecosystem. International Student Scientific Conference
‘MANAGEMENT 2020: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS’, November 18, 2020, SHEE Kyiv National Economic University
named after Vadym Hetman, Kyiv, Ukraine, 187-190. Retrieved from https://ir.kneu.edu.ua/bitstream/handle/2010
7. შოთა რუსთაველის საქართველოს ეროვნული სამეცნიერო ფონდის ვებ-გვერდი: https://rustaveli.org.ge/geo/dafinanseba-da-khardjtaghritskhva
8. Polodashvili, A. (2020). International scientific links of Georgia for the innovative development of economy. Proceedings, V
International Scientific and Practical Conference ‘STRATEGIC IMPERATIVES OF MODERN MANAGEMENT’, April 23-24,
2020, SHEE Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Kyiv, Ukraine, 347-350. Retrieved from
https://ir.kneu.edu.ua/handle/2010/32958
9. OECD Development Centre, Paris. (2020). Philanthropy and Education - Education Giving in the Midst of COVID-19.
Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/dev/NetFWD_Covid-EDU_Study.pdf
10. Wernli, D., Clausin, M., Antulov-Fantulin N., Berezowski, J., Biller-Andorno, N., Blanchet, K., Böttcher L., et al. (2021).
Governance in the age of complexity: Building resilience to COVID-19 and future pandemics. Geneva Science-Policy
Interface Policy Brief. Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved from https://www.leru.org/files/GSPI-PolicyBrief_resilience.pdf
11. Shueb, S., Gul, S., Nisa, N.T., Shabir, T., Ur Rehman, S. and Hussain, A. (2021), Measuring the funding landscape of COVID19 research, Library Hi Tech, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-04-2021-
0136The Covid-19 virus has caused the greatest damage not only to healthcare but also to education, economy, tourism and other sectors in the shortest period of time. The pandemic has affected every stage of education system.
The long-term development of a country's economy is unimaginable without the promotion of an economy based on scientific advances, modern technologies, knowledge and innovation. However, the shortest path to sustainable development can be presented not as individual elements (university, public sector, industry, etc.), but as a whole system as a combination of education and science economics, clusters necessary for the formation of a cluster ecosystem (Gagnidze, 2018).
The pandemic has caused many obstacles for the scientific community, which, first of all, reflected on the funding of scientific research: based on statistics, compared to 2019, in 2020-2021 years, the share of funds allocated from the budget of the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia to support science and scientific research, has decreased.
Given the limited financial resources, it is crucial to implement targeted funding: by funding scientific research and disseminating their positive social effects in society, the government should promote the development of human capital (Polodashvili, 2020, 11).
During the pandemic, the state funding of the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia was also reduced: in fact, the 2020 grant call plan has failed and only 2 grant calls have been announced. In 2021, the foundation announced again all major national science calls, as well as 3 bilateral programs.
Unfortunately, participation of Georgian scientists in international scientific programs is quite low. Reasons for low activity can be: the existence of double standards and requirements, double-checking the compliance of registered projects with the competition conditions, cultural and bureaucratic barriers (Polodashvili, 2020, 04)
The main problems identified in conducting scientific research during the pandemic are: risk of full or partial non-fulfillment of commitments made by scientists / groups of scientists within the framework of grant funding, problems caused by locking the borders of the country, problems of grant holders / applicants caused by online working and etc.
The Covid-19 pandemic in Georgia has caused many obstacles in the field of science. Among them were financial and logistical problems. As a result of the reduction of the budget of the Ministry of Education and Science, the funds allocated for the promotion of science have been reduced.
It is necessary to increase the targeted funding of science, as well as to promote science through the formation of state policies. Ultimately, overcoming the scientific obstacles caused by the pandemic will only be possible with a complex approach
THESES FOR THE ARTICLE BY A. AVAKOVA “A FEW WORDS ABOUT THE STORY OF F. M. DOSTOEVSKY “CROCODILE”
No full textLiterary criticism primarily draws attention to the polemical
orientation of the story “Crocodile”, its obvious attempt to denounce
the liberal opponents of Dostoevsky. The archetypal meaning of the
crocodile motif is considered in a number of works.
This work, will off er the analyzis of the story and an attempt to
discover the meanings inherent in it. In the title itself, certain game
is already being played, an indication of the imaginary nature of the
visible, the likelihood of surprises, a passage within a passage, where
the passage resembles some farce, creates the illusion of a puppet
show, where puppet characters are playing a performance in front of an invisible audience. The plot of the story is absurd, the characters are
deliberately grotesque, and the dialogues are ridiculous.
In some conditional expositional beginning, with the obvious
conventionality and unreality of what is happening, the writer gives the
exact number of events taking place – this is January 13, the Old New Year.
This event takes place at Christmas time, the period from Christmas to
Epiphany. Christmas days are accompanied by games, caroling, fortune
telling. At first glance, it may seem that the indication of January 13 as
the time of the events does not carry additional connotations and our
assumptions have no basis.
However, consistently analyzing the details offered by the writer,
replicas of the characters, we could come to the following conclusion.
At the level of hidden meanings, a new reality is set. Before us
are Christmas events, hero-masks appearing and disappearing on the
stage, traditional Christmas images.
Paradoxically, the progressive heroes of the story, acutely worried
about public opinion, Ivan Matveich and his wife, who do not want to
follow traditions and renounce their own cultural codes, hurrying to
the homeland of Wilhelm Tell and to Naples, find themselves involved
in a traditional square booth, where, against their own will are playing
sacred roles
რუსეთის კოლონიალური პოლიტიკა ამიერკავკასიაში მე-19 საუკუნეში. RUSSIAN COLONIAL POLICY IN THE CAUCASUS DURING THE 19TH CENTURY
No full textIn the first half of the 19th century, Caucasians fought against the
Russian Empire for keeping the independence. In the North Caucasus,
the Russian Empire was consolidating its dominance with fire
and sword, in the subjugated Transcaucasia it was decided to carry
out a number of reforms in order to achieve the final integration of
the Transcaucasia into the Empire. The goal of the supreme power
was to turn this metropolis of the empire into a party that would
be politically credible and economically as profitable as possible. Implementation of this program, Tsarism attempted through the various
ways, the most important of which were the colonization and
Russification of the country. Military settlements were established
mainly throughout the Caucasus to strengthen the Russian colony.
In order to provide the Georgian military road, the military population
was accommodated on it. During some period, from the small
towns the whole villages were formed, which were called Sinor, such
as Manglisi, Белый Ключ, (White Spring), Царские Колодцы (Dedoplistskaro),
Gombori, Lagodekhi and etc. The present topic discusses
and introduces works of authors unknown to Georgian historiography
into the scientific movement
Dependence on Russia – statistically critical goods
No full text1. Marshava, K. & Dzebisauri, L. (2013). The Perspective of the Market of Russia – Illusion or Reality? Journal
Economics (11-12), 2013. 23-39.
https://scholar.bpengi.com/%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B
%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90/2013/11-
12/%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9
9%E1%83%90_2013_11-12_p023-p039.html
2. Marshava, K. & Dzebisauri, L. (2016) Perspective and tendencies of Russian market for Georgia after
embargo. The International Scientific Conference. 337-344.
https://www.tsu.ge/data/file_db/economist_faculty/globaliz.pdf
E-references:
1. Transparency international Georgia. Georgia's economic dependence on Russia: Trade, tourism,
remittances, and Russian companies in Georgia. 10 March 2022, https://cutt.ly/4ZEuNwg
2. Geostat, household expenditure statistical data,
https://www.geostat.ge/en/modules/categories/51/households-expenditures
3. Geostat, external trade portal, http://ex-trade.geostat.ge/en
4. Geostat, food security statistical data, https://www.geostat.ge/en/modules/categories/297/foodsecurity
5. https://exportpotential.intracen.org/en/exporters/analyze?whatMarker=k&what=1001Xa&fromMarker=
i&toMarker=j&market=268
6. UN Comtrade Database. https://comtradeplus.un.org/TradeFlowGeorgia's highest economic dependence on Russia and a high concentration of the market is
threatening, as Russia has repeatedly used economic leverage against Georgia and other countries since
the collapse of the Soviet Union. As historical tendency of Georgia’s trade shows that Russian market is
extremely attractive for Georgian exporters and importers with the view of prices of products and
logistical issues. But at the same time it’s highly risky from the perspective of sustainability of
partnerships. For example, in 2006 Russia first cut off natural gas and electricity supplies to Georgia, then
virtually banned the export of products from Georgia to Russia. In this abstract two critical goods are
analyzed for Georgia’s exports and imports such as wine and wheat by reviewing the top producers and
consumers of the given products in the world. According to the official statistics, at the end of 2021
Russia ranked 1st place in export of Georgian wine with the share of 54.7% in total export of wine, while
The share of the top 10 countries amounted to 92.6% of the total wine export. Observing the dynamics of
imports of wheat from Russia to Georgia throughout the last year (2021) reveals that imports of wheat
from Russia (93.7%) has been the main source of imported wheat by a considerable margin. Therefore, it
is extremely important to know the level of dependence of the Georgian economy on Russia and the
tendency to strengthen resilience in the face of possible threats
Youth unemployment and importance of professional orientation (უმუშევრობა ახალგაზრდებში და პროფესიული ორიენტაციის მნიშვნელობა)
No full text1. E. Kharaishvili, M. Chavleishvili, M. Lobzhanidze, N. Damenia, N. Sagareishvili. Problems of Youth
Employment in Agricultural Sector of Georgia and Causes of Migration. World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business
and Industrial Engineering Vol:11, No:10, 2017.
2. Tukhashvili M., Labor Potential of Georgia, Tbilisi, TSU Publishing, 1998.
3. Lobzhanidze M., Youth Employment Problems and Economic Sustainability Problems in Georgia,
proceedings of the international scientific an practical conference Innovative Economy and the problems
of its Formation in Post-communist Countries, p. 279.
4. Tukhashvili Mirian, Tsartsidze Murman, Latsabidze Natela, Lobzhanidze Manana, Shelia Mzia European
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Scientific journal, No 3 2018, ISSN 2414-2344
https://ppublishing.org/upload/iblock/239/EJH-3_2018.pdf
5. საქართველოს სტატისტიკის ეროვნული სამსახური www.geostat.ge.Unemployment among young people is an acute socio-economic problem. As the standard of living
decreases, the human capital invested by the state or the family depreciates. A young person is morally
traumatized, and society loses the economic wealth that could be obtained by effective use of their labor
potential.
Young people are distinguished from other socio-demographic groups of the population by their health,
level of education, professional training, mobility, high demands placed on work, etc. All this determines their
behavior in the labor market
KARTLI AND SASANIAN IRAN IN THE 3RD CENTURY. RELIGIOUS ASPECT
Get PDFhttps://geohistory.humanities.tsu.ge/ge/procedings/83-shromebi/177-shromebi-18.htmlIn the 1st-3rd centuries A.D. Kartli was included in the geopolitical sphere of “Pax Romana”. The exception is middle of the 3rd century A.D., when King Amazasp of Kartli, due to the political situation, was forced to change his state orientation and recognize himself as a vassal of Shah Shabur I of Iran.
The 3rd century is an important period for Sassanid Iran, which can be called the era of religious reforms (Kartir and Mani. Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism). Our area of interest is to find out how much the religious situation in Sassanid Iran of the 3rd century reflected on Kartli.
The paper examines and analyzes political and religious issues between Iberia and Sasanian Iran based on historical sources and artifacts. The research shows that due to the political situation, Kartli could not bypass the religious processes taking place in Sasanian Iran in the 3rd century, but, at the same time, these processes supposedly had a smaller impact on Kartli. It is noteworthy that Sasanian engraved gems in Kartli appear mostly after the IV century and throughout the Sasanian period. The engraved gems a contemporary historical document on which the depictions of deities, symbols and ritual scenes shed light on the religious beliefs of this or that period.
Due to the above, despite the fact that the state orientation towards the east (Sassanid Iran) was changed by the king of Kartli Amazasp, the expansion of Zoroastrianism from Sassanid Iran should not have taken place during the reign of both Amazasp and Rev I the Just (King of Iberia).
Due to the geopolitical situation, it is also difficult to imagine the conversion of the kings of Kartli (Amazasp and Rev I the Just) to Manichaean religion, which was not in the interests of either the Roman Empire or Sasanian Iran
Gocha Japaridze, Fate of Georgian Students in the First Line of Egyptian Students Sent to France by Muhammad ‘Ali (Translated from English by Konstantine Peradze)
Get PDFეძღვნება პროფ. გოჩა ჯაფარიძის ხსოვნას (1942 – 2020)/ Dedicated to Memory of Prof. Gocha Japaridze (1942 – 2020