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PECULIARITIES OF FOLK TEXTS RELATED TO HISTORICAL PERSONS AND EVENTS
No full texthttps://geohistory.humanities.tsu.ge/ge/procedings/83-shromebi/178-shromebi-19.htmlThe Georgian people have created a thematically rich and genre-diverse folklore regarding historical persons and events. Unlike official historiography, folk texts do not convey a single historical process, since they attribute the events of the past to only a few historical figures or kings, which led to the cyclical nature of these types of literary works.
Folklore is an artistic creation, and in it characters sometimes go far beyond their prototypes. Although the legend of Davit Agmashenebeli (Builder) is about the construction of a Christian temple, the text about the suppression of an evil force uses an ancient Zoroastrian archetype as a plot. As we can see, the folklore tradition did not account for the true heroic deeds of Davit Agmashenebeli and created his mythological biography.
The folk poem equipped King Tamar with the attributes of a Demiurge and thus reactualized the ancient cosmogonic myth. Tamar’s confrontation with the sea is reminiscent of the myth of the battle between the God and the Sea Monster of ancient peoples. In folk texts, historical heroes undergo a kind of metamorphosis, and they become mythological heroes with connections to supernatural forces.
Although the youth of Erekle II is well known from historical sources, his boyhood is represented by folk poetry with mythological archetypes. Like mythological heroes, King Erekle is an orphan, an abandoned child. Somewhere, in the sacred space, a deer feeds him with its own milk, and finally a hunter finds the prince thrown into a straw.
Unlike the ordinary heroic epics, in which the action takes place in an indefinite time and space, the events told in historical songs and legends are in contact with reality. In the imagination of the people historical orality patterns are real, because very real persons act in specific geographical settings, and these texts are often sacred because the main characters are ascribed supernatural qualities.
The characters of the cycles created in the later period did not manage to turn into mythological heroes, and the historical events could not be fully integrated into the category of mythical actions.
Samples of historical oral folk are extremely important for the study of Georgian culture. Folklore clearly shows how the collective consciousness perceives historical persons and events, how people look at the history of their country. Historical songs and tales provide valuable material for the study of archetypes and ancient poetic forms, since, as research has shown, historical persons and events in folk-literature are created according to mythological schemes, traditional models and ancient archetypes
Inclusive Education in Georgia – Achievements, Challenges and Perspectives - 2023
Get PDFკონფერენცია "ინკლუზიური განათლება საქართველოში - მიღწევები, გამოწვევები და პერსპექტივები -2023" ჩატარდა 2023 წლის 29-30 ივნისს ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტში ერაზმუს+ პროგრამის მიერ დაფინანსებული პროექტის „ინოვაციები კურიკულუმში სოციალური ჩართულობის მხარდასაჭერად“. კონფერენციაში მონაწილეობა მიიღეს სხვადასხვა უნივერსიტეტის წარმომადგენლებმ
Macroeconomic effects of labor market regulation in Georgia
Get PDF1. Bedianashvili, G., Bichia, Q., Natsvlishvili, E. (2021). Development of Entrepreneurial Activity, Labor Market and Modern Challenges of Higher Education. Globalization and Business, 12,24-30 (In Georgian). https://www.eugb.esu.edu.ge/view_archive2.php
2. Kakulia, N., (2019). Assessment of Georgia's institutional environment using WGI indicators and its impact on economic growth. Economisti, 2,77-79 (In Georgian)
3. Kakulia, N., Chikobava, M. (2017). Comparative analysis of economic crisis theories. Collection of materials of the international scientific conference dedicated to the 50th anniversary of academician A. Gunia's birth, 177-187 (In Georgian). http://pgie.tsu.ge/contentimage/konferenciebi/2017_._-.pdf
4. Kakulia, N., Tkemaladze, I. (2022). State policy and perspective of employment transformation in Georgia, TSU Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics, international conference dedicated to the 70th anniversary of Professor Giorgi Tsereteli, Tbilisi, 291-293 (In Georgian). http://conferenceconomics.tsu.ge/uploads/images/konfkreb2022.pdf
5. Kharaishvili, E. (2018). The Impact of Preferential Agro Credit on the Development of Agribusiness in Georgia. ECOFORUM. Volume 7, Issue 1(14),6-8 (In Georgian). http://www.ecoforumjournal.ro/index.php/eco/issue/view/16
6. Lobzhanidze, M. (2022). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Educational Migration and Its Socio-Economic Consequences. VII International Scientific Conference Dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the Faculty of Economics and Business "Challenges of Globalization in Economy and Business", Tbilisi, 218-221 (In Georgian). https://dspace.tsu.ge/handle/123456789/1448
7. Papava, V. (2020). Coronomics and qualitatively new economic crisis. refereed and reviewed, international scientific-practical journal "Economy and Business", volume XII, N2, 13-17 (In Georgian).https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344218824_Coronomics_and_Qualitatively_New_Economic_Crisis_In_Georgian
8. Tkemaladze, I. (2022). Peculiarities of remote employment in Georgia. Journal "Economy, Business and Administration", 119-121 (In Georgian). http://sciencejournals.ge/index.php/bu/article/view/306
9. Tkemaladze, I. (2023). Modern labor market in Georgia - challenges and solutions. Journal Economics and Business”, 3: 95-97 (In Georgian).
10. Tsartsidze, M. (2019). Effective employment - an important factor of human well-being and economic growth in Georgia. Economisti, 2, 82-97 (In Georgian). https://dspace.tsu.ge/handle/123456789/2038?show=full
11. Tukhashvili, M. (2021). Population of Hereti: Dynamics and Ethnostructure. Migration, 10, 35-40 (In Georgian). https://el.ge/articles/23551
12. Chassamboullia, A., Fontaineb, I., Gomesc, P. (2020). How important are worker gross flows between public and private sector?“, 1-10.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165176520301506
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15. Fetzer, Thiemo., Hensel, Lukas., Hermle, Johannes., Roth, Christopher. (2020). Coronavirus Perceptions and Economic Anxiety. forthcoming at Review of Economics and Statistics.13-35 https://direct.mit.edu/rest/article-abstract/103/5/968/97656/Coronavirus-Perceptions-and-Economic-Anxiety
16. ILO (2021). The role of digital labour platforms in transforming the world of work. World Employment and Social Outlook (2021), 10-12. http://onlinelabourobservatory.org/paper/ilo-weso-report-2021/The article discusses the impact of the changes on labor market resulting from the formation of the post-industrial economy and caused by the pandemic crisis, in particular the process of employment forms’ transformation, response measures to the transformation of employment forms are analyzed, the stages of the employment policy for the study period are separated, the need to implement the employment policy necessary for the symbiotic development of standard and non-standard forms of employment is substantiated. We conclude that labor market policies are more "sensitive" in nature than other policies. Therefore, choosing the distortionist model emphasized by the World Bank or the interventionist model prioritized by the International Labor Organization will not lead us to the results that may have been achieved in other countries. In our opinion, it is recommended to use a more intermediate approach, which considers the labor market policy in the framework of the general economic policy, and the final goal of economic reforms is not only a high rate of economic growth, but also an increase in the well-being of the population. By studying the employment policy, it became clear that the course of the last period is actually aimed at providing effective employment, at the same time, complex measures are being taken to improve the current situation in the labor market.
However, as determined by the conducted expert research, only the perfection of the legal framework is not enough for the effectiveness of the policy. It is necessary to strengthen the enforcement mechanism and control the results
The firm and the digital economy
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ეთერ გიგაური, ალექსანდრე შარაშენიძე, თბ. 2021 წ.
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and maintaining the viability of the firm through which society strives to organize its economy.
One of the main components of the innovative economy is undoubtedly the digital economy
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The article discusses the essence of digitization of the economy, driving forces and diverse
risks. The article also analyzes what is being done in this direction in Georgia, what kind of problems
exist and what are the ways to solve them
Mechanisms of Secularization of Jewish Identity for the Formation of Soviet Jewish Identity in the 1920s-1930s
Get PDFIn 1921, after the establishment of Soviet rule in Georgia, a
new political and social system based on Marxist-Leninist ideology
began to be established in the country. The 1920s-1930s
were marked by contradictory nationality and economic policies.
One of the goals of the Soviet nationality experiment was to
develop and implement a new concept of identity of the Soviet
peoples, including the Jews.
Before Sovietization, Georgian Jewish identity was closely
linked to religion; the Jewish communal life was concentrated
around the synagogue. As for economic activity and legal status,
the vast majority of Jews were involved in trade; in 1918-1921,
their full-fledged civil rights were ensured by the legislation of
the Democratic Republic of Georgia. After Sovietization, a fundamentally
different model of Jewish identity was developed. More
than 90 percent of Jews labeled as “peddlers, traders, and exploiters,”
or “non-working elements,” were denied the electoral
and labor rights. In order to involve them in the “building of a
new life,” a special committee and societies were established
and work plans were developed. At the end of the 1920s, Soviet
anti-religious propaganda, establishment of new Jewish settlements
and collective farms were aimed at separation of Jews
from their faith, weakening the main pillars of Georgian Jewish
lifestyle and identity and creation of a “new man - a Jewish worker
and a Jewish peasant”
Ways of improving the management of the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) automated system in electric power
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IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 4 (3) 1619–1620.The purpose of the scientific paper is to analyze the issues of improving the management of the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) automated system in electric power, which includes a comparative analysis of the development stages of the SCADA system, the use of cloud technologies, the introduction of modern digital applications that serve for real-time recording, control, monitoring of energy objects and others. It ensures significant development of the field of electric energy. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) automated system improvement methods in electric power within the framework of the research project, the issues of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) automated system (SCADA) management improvement issues were analyzed and research questions were developed. 101 respondents were interviewed. The data was collected electronically, through an online survey of employees working in different structural units of the Georgian state electro system, who were users of the SCADA system. The survey will study the issues of improving the management of the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) automated system in electric power, which ensures the reduction of the number of technological accidents, the sustainability of the sector, the improvement of the quality of management and the speed of work in electric power. If the recommendations obtained as a result of the research are implemented, the energy system will become more stable and efficient. The mentioned study will be useful for the electric power companies of different countries where SCADA system is introduced or implemented. The article was written within the framework of the Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University research project "Ways to improve the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) automated system in electric power". A comparative analysis of the development stages of the SCADA system in terms of each component of the system is discussed in the scientific paper. The implementation of the research results will affect the development of the professionalism of SCADA users, as well as provide simplification, speed and high quality of the work of the management link of the personnel. Accordingly, this will contribute to the improvement of the field of electric energy
Changes of online consumer behavior in the fast food market in post- pandemic conditions
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https://pos.toasttab.com/blog/best-food-delivery-apps (Accessed January 27, 2023)
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Economist, 16(3/4), 7-15.
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In Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific Conference „Challenges of Globalization in Economics
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38. Todua, N., Urotadze, E., Khoshtaria, T., & Matin, A. (2021). Impact of Smart Tourism Technologies on
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during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Available at SSRN 3794790.
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https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/06/29/covid-19-drives-global-surge-in-use-ofdigital-
payments (Accessed January 27, 2023).The article discusses the characteristics of online consumer behavior of fast food services and
products in post-pandemic conditions. The main trends observed in the post-Covid-19 pandemic period
are highlighted. Changes in the fast food market under conditions of uncertainty are shown and
the increased role of e-commerce websites in the activities of organizations operating in this direction
is analyzed. Based on the above, various factors affecting the behavior of online consumers are
shown, which in the post-pandemic period influence their purchase decision-making process. The article
emphasizes the fact that in the post-pandemic stage, people will more actively purchase fast food
products and services through electronic means. That is why the digital marketing strategies selected
by leading companies in this direction are discussed in the paper
საქართველო და ევროპული ინტეგრაცია: წარსული, თანამედროვეობა, მომავალი
Get PDFhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/375115930_Georgia_and_European_Integration_Past_Present_Future_Tb_2023Georgia and European Integration: Past, Present, Future shows how the study of past improves our understanding of the idea of united Europ
Opportunities and challenges of the “new financial reality” in post-pandemic conditions (political-economic aspect)
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(პოლიტეკონომიკური ასპექტი). თბ. : „მწიგნობარი“
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https//www.economist.com/finance-and-economics.com//eaders/2021/04/15/the-fed-should-explainhou-
it-wil-respond-to-rising-inflation.The article discusses a new economic phenomenon called the new financial reality. It includes
three elements: increase in state budget expenditures and as a result - increase in state debt; excessive
monetary emission and low interest rates. The new financial reality is one of the mechanisms
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Greek Memoirs and Georgia in the 1890s-1920s
Get PDFThe 20th-century world history faced many times different
waves of refugees: from different countries to different directions.
During and after the World War 1 Georgia had many difficulties gaining
and maintaining her freedom. Despite that she generously offered all
necessary services to the refugees from Pontus in 1920-1923 and later.
There are various memoirs, diaries or other sources written by eye-witness
Greeks who describe their experiences being refugee or helping
them in Georgia. Some of them are well-known, some of them lessknown
and some of them completely unknown to Georgian audience.
Theophylactos Theophylactos (1885-1962) is one of the unknown authors.
His memoirs entitled “Γύρω στην άσβεστη φλόγα” (“Around the
inextinguishable flame”), a bulky edition with more than 500 pages,
was published in Thessaloniki in 1958. After 36 years since he left Georgia, he precisely describes events happened before 1922. Among 7
chapters of the book the second is dedicated exclusively to Georgia
(specifically, to Batumi) and bears a title: “Batumi, the place where the
Greek-Pontic national activity was moved”. In addition to it, in other
chapters Georgia is mentioned many times.
In Batumi Theophylactos was actively involved in political activities
for Pontus independence (in 1914-1922). Some sessions of the National
Council of Pontus took place there. So he inserted in his work all
documents ratified by this Council. Besides “documental” character, in
the “Around the inextinguishable flame” many emotional passages can
be found. According to it, Georgians were very friendly to Greeks and
author’s love and gratitude to Georgia is underlined many times. Consequently,
this work is an important source for many aspects of political,
social and economic life of both Pontus and Georgia but at the same
time, it is full of literary means which reveal author’s sensitivity.
Theophylactos visited Batumi in 1897 for the first time at his 12. By
that period his father worked there and he asked his relatives to send
a small boy to him. It is evident that he was very successful with a broad
cycle of friends and employees. Exactly that year a war between
Greece and Turkey (due to the so called “Cretan question”) broke out.
It is especially interesting how author’s childhood memories are imprinted
in the work. This information is also important for diaspora
studies in Batumi at the end of the 19th century.
From historical point of view, the most important part of the “Around
the inextinguishable flame” deals with the events of 1914-1920.
Both Greek and Georgian studies can be benefited from these passages.
A Georgian translation of all important information, as well as of
parts where author’s emotions towards Georgia are revealed, is provided
in the article.
Another author discussed in the paper is Christos Samouilides
(Χρίστος Σαμουηλίδης), an author of the novel “Στους Πέντε Ανέμους
του Καυκάσου” (“In Five winds of the Caucasus”). In some points it
completes the passages provided by Theophylactos. Samouilides’ work
is not documental. Although, emotional aspects, the hospitality provided by Georgia to the Pontus’ Greek refugees and other details are in
absolute tune with the evidence provided by Theophylactos