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Inclination of young maize farmers to practice climate-smart agriculture
Get PDFDependency on rainfall and other climatic factors have exposed farmers to various climate risks. To reduce the effect of climate risk, various climate change adaptive strategies have to be employed including climate-smart agricultural practices. Hence, the study researched the inclination of youth maize farmers to practice climate-smart agriculture. A total of 120 maize farmers were selected in Ogun State, Nigeria through a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data was obtained using a structured questionnaire and interview schedule. The data were described using frequency counts, mean, percentages and ranks. Chi-square and PPMC analyses were used to test the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. The result shows that most (83.3%) of the respondents rented land used for farming, with a mean farm size of 7.90 ± 9.98 acres and mean years of farming experience of 16.21±9.53 years. Fellow farmers ((x=1.22) were the main source of information on climate smart agricultural practices. There was high level (70.8%) of knowledge of climate smart agriculture. Channel of information for climate change information (x=1.44) and high labour cost x=1.41) ranked first of constraints to practice climate smart agriculture. Willingness (70.8%) to practice climate smart agriculture was high. There was a significant relationship between respondents’ source of labour (χ2=6.001, p< 0.05), farm size (r= 0.338, p<0.05) and inclination to use climate-smart agricultural practices. The study concludes that young farmers involved in maize production are willing to practise climate smart agriculture. Extension agents from government and non-governmental organizations should adopt e-extension for disseminating climate- smart agricultural practices to young farmers
Development of fluid bed dryer process control module for fluidization and drying of pharmaceutical powder
Get PDFAs the fluidization of powdered active ingredients is crucial before compressing into desired forms or shapes, the importance of the fluidized bed dryers cannot be overemphasized. Many studies had been carried out to improve the fluidization of particle bed by measuring and controlling process parameters to achieve quality output, but the implementation of these proved cost intensive. This work was focused on developing a control module using conventional low-cost components for monitoring the drying process of fluidized bed dryer. The module was developed following design calculations of parameters required to determine its rated current capacities, and selection of required components. The components used were selected putting in mind cost and durability, without compromising their suitability in achieving the set objectives for the developed control module. Thereafter, a performance test as carried out to ascertain its performance characteristics. From the design calculations, the overall load (current) rating of the module was 13 amperes. Relays, temperature controller and push buttons were major components selected, putting in mind the overall module capacity of 13 amperes. The selected components suitably performed the expected control operations, and the efficiency was over 98%. The control module was able to regulate the drying procedure to achieve a reduced percentage moisture content of 1.4% at 850c drying temperature. The control module performed the expected function at a reduced cost when compared to control units being adopted in the industry for such purpose. Therefore, the module could be further explored for implementation on large scale commercial dryers
Needs assessment of youths Involved in fish farming in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examined the needs assessment of youths involved in fish farming in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State. Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 100 youths that were involved in fish farming in the study area. Specific objectives like personal characteristics, enterprise characteristics, accessibility to factors of production, level of involvement in fish farming, constraints to involvement in fish farming and needs towards fish farming were assessed. Data were analysed using frequencies, percentages, mean, Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Results of the study showed that the mean age of respondents was 25.8±6 years and 79.0% were male. About sixty percent of respondents raised both catfish and tilapia and the years of experience of respondents was 4.8±5.0 years. The result further showed that 53.0% of respondent had low access to factors of production and the level of involvement in fish farming activities was high (60.0%). Constraints to involvement in fish farming were weather conditions (x=1.52), high cost of inputs (x=1.49) and high cost of feeds (x=1.48). The needs of respondents were technical (x=29.97), information (x27.10) and agro-service (x=30.64) needs with agro-service being the major need. Chi-square result showed that scale of business (X2 =0.527, p=0.004) was significantly related to the needs of respondents. Also, respondents’ accessibility to factors of production (r=0.328, p=0.001) was significantly related to their needs. The study recommended that government at all levels should provide agro-services to fish farmers and make agriculture a business that is attractive so as to encourage youths to stay in the enterprise and achieve food security in the nation
And the men backed down! while Deborah led the war
Get PDFWomen of all ages have been major players on world stage. In the course of history, the narrative was manipulated leading to women being marginalised in the scheme of things in the socio-economic and political realms while men take the centre stage. The fields of gender and feminist studies are fertile grounds for the discourse on obliteration of women and their positive contribution to human development. The biblical example of Deborah in the book of Judges was used in the discussion of this theme. A critical analysis of Deborah's contributions to the restoration of Israel to God and its socio-political development was undertaken deploying Judith Butler's theory of performativity. This paper foregrounds that the basis for classifying women as subservient to the male gender in all endeavours of life is unfounded. Even though malestreaming of human endeavours is somewhat intractable, recent discoveries in the fields of gender and feminist studies are exposing the facticity of female performance of acts that male supremacist cultures fail to credit to amazons from antiquity to modem days
Drug Compliance and Psychosocial Wellbeing of Patients with Mental Illness in Ibadan
No full textThe study looked at medicine adherence and psychosocial well-being in patients with mental illnesses at Adeoyo State Hospital. Ring Road, Ibadan. A descriptive survey design was used in the investigation. One hundred and twenty (120) people with mental illnesses who visit Adeoyo State Hospital. Ring Road. Ibadan. Were purposefully chosen. For data gathering, a customised questionnaire was employed. Data for demographic parameters were analysed using percentage distribution and frequency counts, and Pearson Product Moment Correlational Analysis (PPMC) was used to test hypotheses at p = 0.05. The study found a strong link between medication compliance and psychological well-being in mentally ill individuals (r=,275. n=!20, p (.002).05). It was also shown that there was a substantial association between medication compliance and respondents' social well-being (r=.327, n=l20, p (.001).05). Il was recommended that patients with mental illnesses be monitored lo ensure drug compliance. Medical social workers are needed to educate the general population and society about the consequences of drug noncompliance
Diversity and Distribution of Anomalures and Squirrels in Oban Hills of Nigeria
No full textThe Congolian tropical forest represents the epicenter of biodiversity conservation and squirrel diversity in the Western and Central African region of sub-Saharan Africa. The scientific knowledge gap of squirr el species diversity,distribution and ecology of the region is limited. We investigated anomalure and squirrel richness and diversity in different land-use types in the Oban region, Nigeria between January 2010 and April 2013 to update species baseline information on squirrels. In total we recorded 495 individuals of seven species and six genera representing, Anomaluridae and Sciuridae families, were detected in the Oban Hills Region. The Anomaluridae family accounted for one genus and one species (Anomalurus beecrofti),while the Sciuridae family is represented by the Xerini and Protoxerini tribes in five genera (Funisciurus, Heliosciurus, Xerus, Paraxerus, and Protexerus). Encounter rates with five different species revealed that the Protoxerini tribe (FunisciurusanerythrusandHeliosciurusrufobrachium)werethemostfrequentlydetectedacrossallthe land-use types in the region. The high diversity of squirrels detected in the region could be a reflection of its recognition as a biodiversity hotspot. Also,closed-canopy cover had the highest diversity index and evenness recorded than farm fallow. Studies on population monitor in ecology and conservation help species- and site-specific conservation strategies in the region. We conclude that closed-canopy forest has high conservation value, and that management should be initiated where possible to alleviate threats to its continued functioning and effort must be directed towards ascertaining the ecology and biology of squirrel species for effective conservation strategies
Self-efficacy, parental involvement and school adjustment of high achieving secondary school students in Oyo State, Nigeria
No full textThis study investigated self-efficacy and parental involvement as predictors of school adjustment of high ability secondary school students in Oyo State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design of correlational type was adopted. The simple random sampling technique was used to selective local government areas from each of the three senatorial districts in Oyo State. The simple random sampling technique was also used to select two secondary schools from each local government, while the purposive sampling technique was adopted to select 450 high achieving students in SSI (180 males and 270females), based on their scores in Slossan Intelligence test, and Achievement tests in English Language and Mathematics. Instruments used were Slossan Intelligence Test (r= 0.86); Mathematics Achievement (r=0.72) and English Language Achievement tests (r=0.75) Self-efficacy (r=0.72); and Parental involvement (r=0.81) while Pearson Products Moment Correlation was used to test, the hypotheses generated at 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that self-efficacy (r=0. 98; P<0. 05), and parental involvement (r= 0. 97; P<0. 05) influenced school adjustment of high achieving secondary school students in Oyo State, Nigeria. Therefore, relevant government bodies and schools should adopt methods and different policies that can positively trigger positive aspects of these variables for exploitation in influencing school adjustment of high achieving students
Inappropriate prescribing among ambulatory elderly patients in a geriatric centre in southwestern nigeria
No full textBackground; Malaria is a foremost preventable cause of death and a major public health concern. Inadequate knowledge of malaria management in pediatrics among future pharmacists could affect the standard of services rendered. Pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professional; thus they should possess good knowledge of malaria management in pediatrics. This study was designed to assess pharmacy students’ knowledge of malaria management in pediatrics. A cross-sectional survey among 140 pharmacy students of a Nigerian University, between July and August 2019, using a validated self-administered questionnaire. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics. Association between knowledge and year of study was determined using Chi-square, with p<0.05 considered significant. The majority (83.5 %) of the participants had good knowledge of the causes of malaria, while 43.6 % knew malaria could be transmitted to the unborn child by pregnant mothers. Most (65.0 %) knew that sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine is the drug of choice for IPTP, while 27.5 % of the respondents knew the frequency of its use during pregnancy. Half of the participants (50.7 %) are not knowledgeable of the symptoms of uncomplicated malaria. Thirty-one (22.1 %) knew ACT is recommended for all forms of uncomplicated malaria, and only 16.4% knew its dosage is based on weight not the age of the patient. Participants in the 5th year of study have significantly higher knowledge of relief of fever using a tepid sponge (P=0.011) and not recommending chloroquine as a first-line drug in malaria treatment in paediatric (P=0.018). The participants’ knowledge of causes and symptoms of malaria is poor and there is a substantial gap in their knowledge of pharmacotherapy of malaria in pediatrics. More clinical exposure of the students to the topic taught in classroom might improve their understanding
The Computation for the Fuzzy Subgroups of the Algebraic Structure D2> x C-z
No full textAny finite uilpoleut group can be uniquely written as a direct product of /<- groups In this paper, an attempt for the compulation of Dv.i x CTi was made. This happens to be the eomputatioii of the number of distinct fuzzy subgroups of the cartesian product of the dihedral group of order 24 with a cyclic group of order sixtee
Promoting digital technology for labour leaders training in Nigeria: issues and perspectives
No full textLabour union leaders are very important to the success of any union activities. The labour leaders are expected to drive their members towards the achievement of the various goals set by the union. These leaders therefore need the necessary leadership skills to enable them lead effectively. Hence, the need for regular training programs to equip them with adequate skills such as. empathy, communication, problem solving, creativity, interpersonal and team work. However, such regular training programmes aimed at equipping, building and enhancing union leaders’ capacity may not be possible due to constraints like time and finance. The break out of COVID-19 which ravaged the whole world has also served as a deterrent to physical training or gathering of people in large numbers. In order to overcome these barriers, there is a call to promote digital industrial training programmes for the labour leaders through the principles of Adult Education. This paper examined the rationale and perspectives for promoting digital industrial training programmes among labour union leaders in Nigeria