UISpace (University of Ibadan)
Not a member yet
10917 research outputs found
Sort by
Performance evaluation of classification algorithms on academic performance of postgraduate students
Get PDFEducational data mining has contributed to enhancing student academic performance by way of enabling stakeholders in academic institutions to have a pre-knowledge of the risks and dangers ahead and how to mitigate them. Prediction algorithms perform differently on dataset, and so, the need to develop models using different prediction algorithms and evaluating the result of such predictions is very important in order to be sure the best algorithm for a particular dataset is used. This work employed four classifiers: K-Nearest-Neighbour, Neural Network, Naïve Bayes and Decision Tree to model and, evaluated their models to know the performance of each on the target dataset. Their results were evaluated based on the various performance metrics. The results showed that Decision Tree had the highest accuracy on the dataset with test accuracy of 48.25% and therefore is the most suitable out of the four classifiers for performing prediction modelling on the dataset. Naïve Bayes is the second-best prediction model that can be used for predicting academic performance with an accuracy of 36.25%., followed by Neural Network with accuracy of 32.5 % and then K-Nearest Neighbour with accuracy of 32.5% but with lower precision, recall and area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve
Identifying the professional development Initiatives for building teachers capacities and skills for 21st century education in Nigeria
Get PDFTeacher professional development refers to programs, which focused on continuing education effort for educators. The goal is to provide teachers with opportunities to continue to improve their skills and learn new strategies and techniques, thereby leading to better student outcomes in the 21st century classroom situation. However, the initiative towards teacher capacity building is not well conceived. Previous studies on teacher professional development initiatives more of political approach than on scientific approach. This study therefore identified the professional development initiatives for building teachers' capacities and skills for 21st century education in Nigeria. As it has been claimed that 21st century acting as an active force behind the rapid transition of education. The whole world is moving fast to make permanent impression in the world of knowledge. As the 21st century has brought about quantitative and qualitative changes in all the disciplines of knowledge. But we cannot ripe the fruits of such occurred and occurring transformations until we have professionally developed and trained teachers in our education system. Therefore, it appears to be crucial that teacher professional development programmes equip the teachers we need for education with the necessary skills to achieve the education expectations we want in the 21st Century education. This study highlighted effective methods of teacher professional development for 21st century education and emphasized the positive impact on the growth and development of teachers. Major discussions of the paper are education we need in the 21st century skills, the professional development initiatives that teachers need for 21st century education, responsibilities of teachers, theoretical support and professional development of teachers and their significance. The paper recommends among others that critical thinking, problem solving, communication and collaboration, cross-cultural understanding, creativity and innovation, information literacy, media literacy, technology and ICT literacy should be included in the teacher preparation programme
Emotional Intelligence and the Process of Education in Nigeria
Get PDFThe process of education is designed to achieve certain goals of the society, which can be done through some factors considered important. These factors include emotion and intelligence. Emotion is an important component of educational process, which involves perception, comprehension and management of strong feelings. Failure to manage emotion properly can result in negative consequences. Intelligence, on the other hand, is also essential in the teaching/learning process. Therefore, emotional intelligence is an important factor in the education process. It is one of the factors that are indispensable in cordial human relationships. Emotional intelligence can be described as the ability to comprehend or perceive any strong feeling intelligently The Nigerian society is beset with various forms of social vices which are attributed to deficiencies in emotional intelligence. This study examined emotional intelligence as a concept in the process of education. Education is an agency in a society responsible for offering Solutions to problems. For several decades, it has done this to a successful extent in Nigeria, but there is still much to do The concept of emotional intelligence was analysed with its implications on the Nigerian educational System The paper employed the philosophical research method of speculation, analysis and prescription to find out that learners are to be groomed through the process of education to be emotionally intelligent. The paper concluded that the media is essential in achieving this aim and therefore, needs to be censored, as it is an important agent that influences learner
Correlates of adolescents' involvement in gambling-related behaviour in Ondo city, Nigeria: advocating educative programmes to curb the act
Get PDFThe study assessed the correlates of adolescents' immersion in gambling- related behaviour in Ondo city. The study adopted the survey design of correlation type. It will help to understand association between identified variables. The population of the study comprised all adolescents, who are within the age of 13 and 19 years, in Ondo city. Ondo city comprised two local government areas of Ondo West and East. Simple random sampling was used to select 800 adolescents from schools and community centres, while structured questionnaire was developed comprising validated scales to measure Variables- Media Influence r= 0.72; Childhood Experience r= 0.78); Gambling Venue Accessibility r= 0.72; Cognitive Bias r= 0.72; and Peer Influence r= 0.91; were used for data collection. Finding revealed that the rating of gambling-related behaviour among adolescents was high (x?= 2.64:2.5). Also, there are positive significant relationships between adolescents' involvement in gambling behaviour and media influence (r = -.073, p (.040) .05) and cognitive biases (r = -.049, p (. 171) >.05). It is recommended that there is need for implementing comprehensive educational programmes in schools and community to curb media influence, peer pressure as well as indiscriminate siting of betting centres in and around the neighbourhood
A Thesis in the Department of Sociology, Submitted to the Faculty of the Social Sciences inpartialfulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY
Get PDFFarmer-herder conflict is one of the most prevalent violent occurrences in West Africa with attendant social cost, which include livelihood and socio-relational consequences. There have been frequent farmer-herder conflicts in Nigeria, which have resulted inmassive destruction of lives and property. Most studies on farmer-herder conflicts have focused mainly on causes, damages and casualties, with little attention paid to the social cost. This study, therefore, examined the effects of the conflicts on farmer andherder livelihoods, family structure and their symbiotic relationship, as well as the management structure employed to curtail farmer-herder conflicts in Iseyin, Oyo State.
Group Conflict Theory was adopted as framework while the exploratory design was employed. Purposive sampling technique was used to select communities that experienced incessant farmer-herder conflicts at Iseyin. Snowball sampling technique was used to select the farmer and herder respondents. Two key informant interviews were conducted with leaders of farmers and herders. Sixty in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 farmers and 30 herders selected at Seraphim (6 farmers, 6 herders), Baale-sagbo (4 farmers, 5 herders), Awaye (6 farmers, 6 herders), Aba-paanu (5 farmers, 5 herders), Olugbade (4 farmers, 5 herders), Sangote (2 farmers, 2 herders) and Alagbe (3 farmers, 3 herders). Data were content-analysed.
The prevalence of farmer-herder conflicts had adversely affected four principal elements of farmer and herder livelihood − security, income, health and education. Farmers and herders lived in constant fear of attack and destruction of lives and property. Also, farmers had witnessed significant decrease in farm produce because of the incessant destruction of farms; and herders lost herds due to retaliatory rustling and poisoning. There was a reduction in the income of farmers and herders owing to low output. Loss of income resulted in farmers’ failure to repay loans. Farmers accessed community healthcare, but herders had limited access to health facilities. The children of farmers and herders experienced disruption of their education as a result of their parents’ inability to pay the required fees. The families of both farmers and herders lost male breadwinners and family members, and made unplanned relocation to other communities. Prior to remarriage, farmers’ widows assumed the roles of family heads but the widows of herders were integrated into the extended family structure. Farmer-herder conflicts had made the symbiotic relationship of farmers and herders to degenerate into inter-community mistrust and discouragement of inter-communal marriages. It had also truncated intercommunity business relations. The conflict management strategies adopted by the herders and farmers included reporting incidence of conflict to group leaders and the police. That, in some instances, led to the compensation of aggrieved parties.
The social cost of the conflicts between farmers and herders in Iseyin had a debilitating impact on their livelihoods and inter-group relations. Reports to group leaders and state authorities had brought about some compensation and peace to the communities. Farmers and herders should adopt conciliatory strategies to manage disagreements in peace and conflict periods
A Thesis in the Department of Sociology Submitted to the Faculty of The Social Sciences In Partialfulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITYOF IBADAN In Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN In Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN
No full textSocial Relations (SRs), the network of interactions among members of the society, is a vital component of healthy partnerships among organisations worldwide. Conversely, egoistic motivation for reward and numerous market and institutional failures havechallenged healthy relationships among people in informal organisations in Nigeria. Existing studies on SRs have largely focused on formal organisations with scant attention paid to in informal organisations, especially among actors in yam flour (èlùbọ́)production and distribution. This study, therefore, examined the social relations (social organisation, exchange value construction, value chain activities, indigenous practices and the socio-demographic characterisation) underlying yam flour production anddistribution in Lagos and Oyo states, Nigeria. There is a need for an actor centred policy formulation and implementation by governments. The appropriate authorities should provide more intervention programmes to enhance social relations and yam flourproduction and distribution
Correlates of adolescents' involvement in gambling-related behaviour in Ondo city, Nigeria: advocating educative programmes to curb the act
No full textThe study assessed the correlates of adolescents' immersion in gambling- related behaviour in Ondo city. The study adopted the survey design of correlation type. It will help to understand association between identified variables. The population of the study comprised all adolescents, who are within the age of 13 and 19 years, in Ondo city. Ondo city comprised two local govemrnment areas of Ondo West and East. Simple random sampling was used to select 800 adolescents from schools and community centres, while structured questionnaire was developed comprising validated scales to measure Variables- Media Influence r= 0.72; Childhood Experience r= 0.78); Gambling Venue Accessibility r= 0.72; Cognitive Bias r= 0.72; and Peer Influence r= 0.91; were used for data collection. Finding revealed that the rating of gambling-related behaviour among adolescents was high (x?= 2.64:2.5). Also, there are positive significant relationships between adolescents' involvement in gambling behaviour and media influence (r = -.073, p (.040) .05) and cognitive biases (r = -.049, p (. 171) >.05). It is recommended that there is need for implementing comprehensive educational programmes in schools and community to curb media influence, peer pressure as well as indiscriminate siting of betting centres in and around the neighbourhood
A Thesis in the Department of Religious Studies Submitted to the Faculty of Arts in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN
No full textEconomic Empowerment Programmes (EEPs), which refer to the response of non-governmental and faith-based organisations to the issues of poverty and unemployment, are central to the operations of Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries (MFM). Previous studies on EEPs in Nigeria concentrated largely on empirical relationship between government intervention programmes and poverty alleviation, the European Union and United Nations Millennium Development Goals, with little attention paid to the inputs made by faith-based organisations. This study was, therefore, designed to examine the EEPs of MFM, with a view to determining the form of EEPs, their strategies, impact and challenges in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Robert Barro’s Religious Facilitating Economic Empowerment Theory was used as the framework, while the descriptive design was adopted. Purposive sampling was used to select Alimosho, Agege, Amuwo-Odofin, Ikorodu and Lagos-mainland in Lagos State. These were the five places where the MFM’s EEPs were actively and prominently executed. In-depth interviews were conducted with 130 purposively selected respondents: 10 Programme Coordinators (PCs), 25 Pastors, 15 Church members and 80 EEPs beneficiaries. Five sessions of focus group discussions were conducted: two sessions with 10 PCs, one session with five pastors, and two sessions with 15 beneficiaries, comprising (10 men and 20 women). The data were content-analysed. Three EEPs were identified: skill acquisition, financial scheme and vocational empowerment; and four strategies (vocational training, provision of loans, financial grants and distribution of vocational materials) were adopted in executing the programmes. Skill acquisition employed a vocational training strategy to reach out to 553 farmers, 505 fashion designers, 204 caterers, 301 information technologists, 105 food processors, 264 leather processors and 106 bag makers. Financial scheme deployed a provision of 5% interest loan in the range of N50,000.00 to N500,000.00 and reached out to 120 certified applicants. Also, financial scheme adopted the financial grants method and gave out N24,000,000.00 to 80 merchants and 40 retailers. They claimed that the grants were spent to expand their businesses and pay outstanding shop rents. Also, N8,000,000.00 was given to 80 widows to start their 80 poultry businesses. Vocational empowerment used a vocational materials strategy to reach out to 554 certified beneficiaries: 356 industrial sewing machines, 104 leather sewing machines, 20 soap mixers, 42 catering materials, six bead stoning machines, five cameras, three laptops, two photocopiers, 10 food grinding and processing machines, and six cloth dryers. Through the skill acquisition programme, the rate of unemployment among the church members was reduced from 4,850 to 2,038. The financial scheme programme relieved the beneficiaries of depending on the church for their means of livelihood. The vocational empowerment programme promoted financial autonomy for the concerned MFM members. However, inconsistent follow-up of trainees, non-repayment of loans, mismanagement of funds and selling off of empowerment materials by some beneficiaries were reported as major challenges confronting the execution of each of the EEPs. The Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries has contributed to reducing the problem of poverty and unemployment in the Nigerian government through its economic empowerment programmes in Lagos State, Nigeria
