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Influence of Teaching Resources on Teaching of Traditional Sports and Games in Physical Education in Public Primary Schools in Machakos County, Kenya
Get PDFPurpose: This study investigated the Influence of teaching resources on teaching of traditional sports and games in physical education in public primary schools in Machakos County, Kenya.
Methodology: A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing questionnaires from 322 teachers, and focus group discussions with 32 groups of learners. Stratified random sampling was used to select participants. Descriptive analysis was used, which included means, standard deviation, relative frequencies, and percentages. A computer software programme, Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 21.0, was used for analysis to generate data array that was used for subsequent analysis of the data. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis. Inferential statistics using the Chi-square test was applied to examine the relationship between the research variables. The analyzed data was presented using tables.
Findings: Results showed that the association between sufficient equipment for teaching TSG in PE and teaching of traditional sports and games during PE lessons in primary public schools in Kenya is significant (χ2 = 171.213; df = 1; p = 0.000<0.05).The study concluded there is a significant relationship between the availability of teaching resources and effective instruction of TSGs. However, critical shortages in TSGs specific materials, reference books, equipment, and facilities were noted.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that the Ministry of Education and school administrations to upgrade teaching resources so as to achieve the integration of traditional sports and games (TSGs) into physical education
Effectiveness of Adaptive Physical Education Programs for Students with Disabilities in Canada
Get PDFPurpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of adaptive physical education programs for students with disabilities in Canada
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Adaptive Physical Education (APE) programs in Canada aim to enhance the physical fitness and overall well-being of students with disabilities by tailoring physical activities to their unique needs. Research indicates that such programs can lead to improvements in various fitness components, including muscular strength, cardiovascular endurance, and flexibility. For instance, a three-year study involving adolescents with intellectual disabilities demonstrated significant positive outcomes in body composition, muscular endurance, explosive strength, flexibility, and cardiovascular fitness over time.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Self-determination theory, ecological systems theory & social cognitive theory may be used to anchor future studies on the effectiveness of adaptive physical education programs for students with disabilities in Canada. Teachers should undergo specialized training in adaptive methods, rapport-building, and the use of assistive technologies, such as virtual reality and motion-capture tools, to enhance student engagement. Policies should encourage collaborations between educational institutions, healthcare providers, and community organizations to create sustainable, multi-sectoral APE programs
Assessing the Effect of Internet Banking on Customer Satisfaction of Commercial Banks in Bujumbura City, Burundi
Get PDFPurpose: The bank sector plays a critical role on the development of the economy in Burundi. The banks provide different services to its customers and internet banking is among the services. This study investigates the effect of internet banking on customer satisfaction in commercial banks in Burundi.
Methodology: The study used a correlation design to establish the relationship. The study used correlation research design and it targets 11 commercial banks using internet banking in commercial banks in Bujumbura Burundi. Simple random sampling was used to select 399 customers using internet banking and the sample size was obtained using the Yamane’s formula. Pilot research was done in Bujumbura, Burundi, with 40 clients who used electronic banking at two commercial banks. Cronbach\u27s alpha coefficient was used to assess internal consistency reliability, and all variables looked to have a coefficient greater than 0.7. The researcher subjected the study tool to five experts to determine content validity, and the resulting average value was greater than 0.7. Construct validity was determined by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and it was found to be 81.4% and significant (p = .000). Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Correlation analysis was utilized to determine the direction and intensity of the association between internet banking aspects. Simple linear regression was employed to test the null hypothesis.
Findings: The study found a strong positive relationship between the aspects. With simple linear regression, the study found that; there was the influence of internet banking in customer satisfaction in commercial banks in Bujumbura, Burundi.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Commercial banks to implement effective online banking services. Regularly received customer feedback can also serve as a foundation for improving online banking offerings
Corporate Governance, Macro Environment and Performance of Commercial State Corporations in Kenya
Get PDFPurpose: This study aimed at establishing the moderating effect of macro environment on the relationship between corporate governance and performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya. Purpose of macro environment scanning is to assist firms to know main development and impending consequences. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of the macro environment on the relationship between corporate governance and performance of commercial state corporations in Kenya in Kenya.
Methodology: The study adopted a cross sectional descriptive survey design, using a sample of 47 commercial state corporations. Hypothesis was formulated to address this objective. The study used stepwise regression analysis to test moderating effect. The results were interpreted using coefficient of determination, t test, F- test and p-values.
Findings: The study found that when the moderating variable was introduced, the power of corporate governance to drive performance was enhanced. This confirmed that macro environment significantly moderated the relationship between corporate governance and performance amongst commercial state corporations in Kenya.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The results of this study have contributed to theory. It is recommended that organizations improve corporate governance, scan their environment so as to improve on their performance
Strategic Risk Management in the Age of Cyber Threats: Implications for Financial Institutions
Get PDFPurpose: This study sought to investigate strategic risk management in the age of cyber threats implicating financial institutions.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the cyber threats. Preliminary empirical review revealed that financial institutions failed to effectively integrate cybersecurity into their strategic risk management frameworks. Cyber risks were often treated as IT issues rather than strategic concerns, leading to reactive responses and a lack of leadership involvement. The study emphasized the need for a shift in how institutions approach cybersecurity, making it a core part of their overall risk management and strategic planning.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended integrating cybersecurity into enterprise risk management, adopting a proactive approach with real-time threat intelligence, and enhancing cross-departmental collaboration. It called for better employee training, clearer regulatory standards, and public-private partnerships. The study contributed to theory by highlighting cybersecurity as a systemic risk and offered practical steps to improve governance and resilience in financial institutions
Monitoring and Evaluation Practices and Performance of the Energy Projects in Rwanda: A Case of Electricity Access Rollout Programme (EARP)
Get PDFPurpose: This research aims to appraise contribution of M&E practices to energy projects performance, especially in the Electricity Access Rollout Programme Rwanda (EARP).It examined especially the contribution of planning for M&E, project baseline Surveys implementation, and Monitoring and Evaluation information system usage to EARP performance. The research involved the Program theory, Result-based theory, and the theory of change.
Methodology: For the research design, a descriptive survey helped, and the target population was 15 project staff of the completed EARP in the project management unit. During this study, the researcher used a census, the entire population was considered as a sample since its number was limited. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were applied to gather data, and through interview guide and questionnaire, the researcher gathered primary data while secondary data were gathered from various official reports. After collecting data, the researcher used SPSS V.23 for their process and analysis. The content analysis techniques served to analyze data from interviews, and reports. The frequencies, percentages, standard deviation, and means known as descriptive statistics helped the researcher in defining the data, Pearson correlational and regression statistics were used to set up relationships concerning the variables and the significance levels. The research results were finally represented using graphs and tables.
Findings: According to the research findings, the majority of participants agreed that M&E planning contributed to the performance of EARP (mean=4.31, Std =0.78). Furthermore, they indicated that M&E planning and EARP performance were positively correlated with a Pearson correlation coefficient of r=0.632, and p-value= 0.01 <0.05 significance level. Also, a great number of participants agreed that baseline implementation contributed to EARP performance (mean=4.37, Std =0.813), and a strong positive correlation was established between baseline implementation and EARP performance, the Pearson correlation coefficient was r=0.832 and the p-value=0.00<0.05 the significance level. Lastly the mean and the standard deviation for the M&E Information System were (mean= 4.08, and Std= 1.04) respectively, most participants agree that M&E IS contributed to EARP performance. Nevertheless, the standard deviation was greater than one implying a large spread of responses from the mean, thus no consensus among respondents. The Pearson coefficient was r=0.170 with a p-value =0.544>005 and this value implied that no significant correlation existed between the M&E Information System usage and EARP performance as it was greater than the significance level. A regression model of the predictors against the performance of EARP yielded R-square value of 0.731, hence the three components under study could explain 73.1% of variation in EARP project performance with F=9.128, p-value=0.003<0.05. M&E Planning (β=0.228, P value= 0.04), Baseline Survey Implementation (β=0.437, P value= 0.020), M&E Information System Usage (β=-0.54, P value= 0.74) respectively.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The researcher recommends those involved in project management especially energy projects or programs to adopt a robust, comprehensive, and user-friendliness M&E information system and promote M&E practices. This research may benefit different project management teams as it may provide them with the fundamental information to effectively track and measure projects. Furthermore, it may benefit several energy sector stakeholders to optimize the process of project development and promote performance for energy projects
Access to Finance and Performance of SMEs in Lodwar Municipality
Get PDFPurpose: To establish the effect of access to finance on performance of SMES in Lodwar Municipality
Methodology: The research adopted a descriptive design. The target population for this study comprised of SMEs owners/managers. The study relied on primary data, which was obtained directly from respondents. Data collection was conducted through the use of structured questionnaires, specifically tailored to capture information relevant to the study variables from SMEs in Lodwar Municipality. Questionnaires were selected as the preferred tool due to their efficiency in collecting uniform responses from a relatively large sample.
Findings: The findings indicate a strong positive correlation between access to financing and the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This implies that as SMEs gain better access to financial resources, their overall performance improves significantly
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Policymakers, financial institutions, and development partners should therefore prioritize interventions that lower borrowing barriers, provide affordable credit and strengthen financial literacy among entrepreneurs. By addressing the financing gap, such efforts would not only boost the productivity and profitability of SMEs but also contribute to broader economic development through increased employment, innovation, and income generation
The Impact of the Non-life Insurance Penetration on the Economic Growth of Developing Countries: Panel Data Analysis
Get PDFPurpose: This study explores the impact of non-life insurance industry performance on economic growth in 10 developing countries (Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, and Portugal).
Methodology: Insurance penetration is measured through proxy such as non-life insurance with the time-series statistics covering the period from 1990 to 2021. The ordinary least square regression was adopted for the testing of the hypotheses. The results are based on panel data models and panel cointegration.
Findings: The outcomes of the study showed that non-life insurance penetration had a substantially positive effect on the economic growth in 10 developing countries during the period from 1990 to 2021. The results based on panel data models and panel cointegration suggests that Non-life insurance has a positive and significant effect on the economic growth of the chosen countries. Also, it shows that the application of the rule of law had a positive effect on the developing economies. On the other hand, the higher the level of education, the more people are aware of the application of non-life insurance, which positively affects economic growth. Furthermore, culture and population density have a positive impact on economic growth.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends an improved modification in insurance products, especially in non-life businesses to availing clients the chance of choosing from a diversity of products. The study, therefore, recommends an increase in the awareness of non-life insurance services for its impact to be felt at all levels and to encourage participation
Assessing Efficiency of the Financial Sector in Ghana and Implications for Growth: An Application of the Ahiawodzian Model of Financial Market Efficiency
Get PDFPurpose: The importance of efficiency of the financial sector in promoting economic growth and development, particularly in developing economies, has been well documented in the economic literature. For example, the McKinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973) theories explicitly state this, with emphasis on developing economies. Therefore, the study set out to empirically assess the efficiency of the financial sector in Ghana from 1988 to 2023, and examine the implications for growth of the Ghanaian economy.
Methodology: The study applied a statistical model developed by the author in 2012 known as, the Ahiawodzian Model of Financial Market Efficiency to the financial sector of Ghana from 1988 to 2023. The key variables of the model are the interest rate and inflation rate. The time series properties of the variables of a regression model specified to estimate the long-run real interest rate were carried out. These were the stationarity and cointegration tests to see if the two key variables of the interest rate and inflation rate were non-stationary and cointegrated. The Ordinary Least Squares method was used to estimate the regression model.
Findings: The empirical results of the study revealed that the Ghanaian financial sector was inefficient during period 1988 to 2023, even during the financial reform period. The inefficiency level was as high as 51.45%. Thus, the prevailing high level of the financial sector inefficiency in Ghana during the period adversely affected private savings, private investments and economic growth of the country.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study therefore recommends to the Ghanaian financial authorities among others; control of the prevailing high inflation rates, effective use of the monetary policy, effective use of the fiscal policy (expenditure rationalisation and revenue mobilisation), reduction of the prevailing high interest rates, reduction of the persistent depreciation of the Cedi in order to reduce the high level of financial sector inefficiency in Ghana, in order to promote economic growth in the country
Influence of Green Supply Chain on Performance of Mining and Extraction Firms in Kenya
Get PDFPurpose: The performance of mining and extraction firms in Kenya have been below par. The industry recorded a decline in production of most of the minerals such as titanium and soda ash and a declining trend towards contribution to the gross domestic product. This study sought to examine the influence of green supply chain on the performance of mining and extraction firms in Kenya.
Methodology: The research employed a descriptive design and targeted a sample of 201 respondents from registered mining and extraction firms in Kenya. The study used stratified random sampling techniques for respondent selection. Data were gathered using structured questionnaires. Pilot study was carried out to determine the reliability and validity of the research instrument. Statistical package for social sciences version 27 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive, correlation and regression statistics were used to evaluate the relationship between green supply chain and firm performance.
Findings: The study found that green supply chain have a statistically significant and positive effect on firm performance. These practices were associated with reduced operational costs, enhanced regulatory compliance, improved stakeholder relationships, and greater environmental responsibility. The regression analysis confirmed a strong positive correlation between green supply chain adoption and improved organizational outcomes.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice, and Policy: The study extends the application of the Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV) by empirically validating the strategic value of green supply chain management practices in the mining and extraction sector, a context that has been underexplored in sustainability literature. The findings provide actionable insights for industry practitioners on how adopting green supply chain strategies can yield operational and competitive benefits, including efficiency gains and enhanced market reputation. The study underscores the need for supportive regulatory frameworks and targeted capacity-building initiatives to foster broader adoption of green supply chain practices in Kenya\u27s mining sector. It advocates for policy instruments that incentivize eco-innovation, stakeholder engagement, and long-term environmental stewardship