Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest - Open Access Journals
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Az athéni Kancsók napja és Virágünnep
Get PDFThis study explores the interpretation of child depictions related to the second day of the Athenian Anthesteria festival, the Day of the Pitchers. While miniature “choes” have previously been analysed from religious, iconographic, or social-historical perspectives, the author approaches them through the lens of early childhood motor development. Using the conceptual framework of contemporary developmental neurology and paediatrics, the article describes the movements shown on vase paintings and argues that certain ceremonial vessels document the stages of human locomotion acquisition with remarkable precision. The author suggests that, in the context of the festival, the child may have embodied the renewing forces of spring and Dionysian vitality as an autonomous natural being.A tanulmány az athéni Anthestéria ünnepének második napjához, a Kancsók napjához kapcsolódó gyermekábrázolások értelmezését vizsgálja. Az eddig inkább vallási, ikonográfiai vagy társadalomtörténeti szempontból elemzett kiskancsók ábrázolásait a szerző új megközelítésben, a kora gyermekkori mozgásfejlődés fázisai felől közelíti meg. A vázaképeken megjelenő mozdulatokat a kortárs fejlődésneurológia és gyermekorvoslás fogalmi apparátusával írja le, és azt veti fel, hogy az ünnepi kerámia egyes darabjai példátlan pontossággal dokumentálják az emberi mozgás elsajátításának lépéseit. A szerző azt veti fel, hogy a gyermek mint autonóm természeti lény a tavaszi megújulás, a virágzás és a dionysosi erők egyik megtestesítője lehetett az ünnep kontextusában
Töredék kiegészítve. Plautus: A doboz (töredék) – F. Tóth Gergely: A doboz (remake): Tordai Éva fordításában, F. Tóth Gergely kiegészítésével, Karsai György bevezetésével
Get PDFThis unique publication presents a bold experiment: Éva Tordai’s Hungarian translation of Plautus’ Cistellaria—a fragmentarily preserved Roman comedy—is complemented by Gergely F. Tóth’s original completion, written in the spirit and tone of the surviving Latin text. The result is a hybrid work: part ancient comedy translation, part contemporary dramatic creation, where the Plautine tradition is refracted through modern concerns and idiom. György Karsai’s introduction explores the play’s classical context, the nature of the fragment, and the poetics of literary reconstruction. Rather than a mere restoration, this “remake” becomes a playful and thoughtful dialogue between ancient theatre and present-day stagecraft.A közlés különleges vállalkozás eredménye: a töredékesen fennmaradt plautusi Cistellaria magyar fordítását Tordai Éva készítette el, míg a hiányzó részeket F. Tóth Gergely kortárs drámaíró saját stílusában, az eredeti hangnemhez igazodva pótolta. Az így létrejött szöveg egyszerre antik komédiafordítás és kortárs irodalmi alkotás, amely a római vígjáték hagyományát mai kérdésekkel és nyelvvel keresztezi. Karsai György bevezetője a Plautus-darab antik kontextusát, a fragmentum sajátosságait és a kiegészítés esztétikai-poétikai tétjeit elemzi. A „remake” nem csupán hiánypótlás, hanem játékos párbeszéd az ókori komédia és a kortárs színpad között
A keszthelyi Szent Miklós-kápolna külső és belső középkori falképegyüttesének feltárása és restaurálása
No full textExploration and conservation of the external and internal medieval mural paintings of the St. Nicholas chapel in Keszthely
The exterior and interior walls of the medieval church in the Szent Miklós (St. Nicholas) cemetery in Keszthely were once covered by lavish Gothic frescoes. After the Ottoman occupation, the church stood abandoned and was in ruins for a long time before having been rebuilt in Baroque style in 1717 and renewed in 1775. In 1909, the chapel was transformed into a burial place for Archbishop Kolos Vaszary (born in Keszthely): the building received a Neo-Romanesque exterior, and the interior and the Vaszary crypt were covered with decorative and figurative painting. The building was used as a cemetery chapel during the 20th century, but by the turn of the millennium, its condition had deteriorated seriously and it became unusable. During the external architectural reconstruction, Gothic frescoes depicting six standing figures were discovered on the outer walls of the sanctuary; these were conserved/restored in 2004. The correction of the slightly worn retouches and a repeated hydrophobising treatment became necessary for further protection and aesthetic reasons by 2022. After that, the early 20th-century paintings of the interior had been documented for the archives before their removal to expose further parts of the lavish Gothic murals. The two rows of frescoes in the nave depict the life of Christ, while the ones in the sanctuary include some standing figures of saints and a Maiestas Domini image. The revealing of the murals was problematic for more than one reason: we had to remove the cement-based adhesive of the tiles applied to the plinth in 1909 and the calcium oxalate crust that had formed on some deteriorated murals. The formation of this crust may be connected with the presence of lichens in the building, which released oxalic acid, thus promoting the accumulation of an insoluble crust containing calcium oxalate. The crust was likely made harder by a fire that broke out in the church building. A thick layer of plaster admixed with stone dust and two thinner, 18th-century lime plaster strata were removed mechanically from the surface of the medieval paintings. After crust thinning, citric acid solutions were used to make the frescoes visible. The exploration, cleaning, and conservation were successful and, in our hopes, the aesthetic reconstruction of the frescoes can also take place in the near future, following an archaeological excavationand the dismantling of the gallery that now cuts the Gothic murals in two
Parallele und Gegensätze in Hans Bemmanns Romanen Stern der Brüder und Stein und Flöte und das ist noch nicht alles
Get PDFDie vorliegende Arbeit untersucht Hans Bemmanns Romane Stern der Brüder und Stein und Flöte und das ist noch nicht alles in einer kontrastiven Analyse. Trotz der erkennbaren Unterschiede weisen die Werke grundlegende Parallele auf, insbesondere in den Bereichen Erzähltechnik, Thematik und Motivik. Ziel der explorativen Analyse ist es daher, diese Bereiche und ihre jeweiligen Ausprägungen genauer zu identifizieren. Im Folgenden wird daher auf verschiedene Aspekte eingegangen: Erstens wird die nicht-lineare Struktur der Romane untersucht, wobei Multiperspektivität, Binnenerzählung und multiple Fokalisierung im Mittelpunkt stehen. Zweitens werden die Gattungskontexte – insbesondere Kontrafaktik und Fantasy – betrachtet. Anschließend folgt eine Analyse ihrer politischen Dimensionen sowie der Verknüpfungspunkte zwischen den behandelten Themenkomplexen. Schließlich werden die wiederkehrenden Motive des Steins und der Flöte sowie ihr Verhältnis zum Figurenarsenal untersucht.Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht Hans Bemmanns Romane Stern der Brüder und Stein und Flöte und das ist noch nicht alles in einer kontrastiven Analyse. Trotz der erkennbaren Unterschiede weisen die Werke grundlegende Parallele auf, insbesondere in den Bereichen Erzähltechnik, Thematik und Motivik. Ziel der explorativen Analyse ist es daher, diese Bereiche und ihre jeweiligen Ausprägungen genauer zu identifizieren. Im Folgenden wird daher auf verschiedene Aspekte eingegangen: Erstens wird die nicht-lineare Struktur der Romane untersucht, wobei Multiperspektivität, Binnenerzählung und multiple Fokalisierung im Mittelpunkt stehen. Zweitens werden die Gattungskontexte – insbesondere Kontrafaktik und Fantasy – betrachtet. Anschließend folgt eine Analyse ihrer politischen Dimensionen sowie der Verknüpfungspunkte zwischen den behandelten Themenkomplexen. Schließlich werden die wiederkehrenden Motive des Steins und der Flöte sowie ihr Verhältnis zum Figurenarsenal untersucht
Semantische Unbestimmtheit und die diskursive Entwicklung des Begriffs „Psychologie“ in deutschen Medientexten (1989–1994)
Get PDFDie vorliegende Studie untersucht die semantische Unbestimmtheit und die diskursive Entwicklung des Begriffs „Psychologie“ im Nachrichtenmagazin Der Spiegel im Zeitraum von 1989 bis 1994. Mit der Analyse wird zeigt, dass der Begriff „Psychologie“ und verwandte Begriffe nicht nur im klinischen Kontext, sondern auch häufig in sozialen und politischen Diskursen auftraten. Diese Erkenntnis macht sichtbar, wie stark der gesellschaftliche Kontext und die sprachliche Praxis einander bedingen.Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die semantische Unbestimmtheit und die diskursive Entwicklung des Begriffs „Psychologie“ im Nachrichtenmagazin Der Spiegel im Zeitraum von 1989 bis 1994. Mit der Analyse wird zeigt, dass der Begriff „Psychologie“ und verwandte Begriffe nicht nur im klinischen Kontext, sondern auch häufig in sozialen und politischen Diskursen auftraten. Diese Erkenntnis macht sichtbar, wie stark der gesellschaftliche Kontext und die sprachliche Praxis einander bedingen
Child Participants in Serbian Folk Tradition – Folk Customs in the Service of Socialization and Community Education
Get PDFThis study examines the Serbian folk customs associated with children, with particular attention to their role in education, socialization, and the shaping of identity. The author presents how the rituals connected to religious and communal holidays – such as Detinjci, Materice, Oci, the burning of the Badnjak, Korinđanje, the breaking of the Česnica, Easter egg-tapping, and the Saint Sava Day school celebrations – communicate communal values to children in playful and experiential ways. Special emphasis is placed on the Serbian community of Deszk, Hungary, where these traditions are still alive today, and where educational institutions consciously support the cultural integration of children. The author argues that traditions are not merely relics of the past but identity-shaping forces oriented towards the future, especially within minority communities
The First Step: Preparing Rural Preservice Teachers to Support Multilingual Learners
Get PDFIn an era of increasing linguistic diversity in K–12 classrooms, the responsibility for supporting Multilingual Learners (MLs) extends beyond English as a Second Language (ESL) and bilingual specialists to include all general education teachers. This need is particularly urgent in rural communities, where access to specialized personnel and resources is often limited. Yet, teacher education programs frequently face structural and curricular constraints. In many small, rural institutions, preservice teachers may take only one course focused on ML education, raising important questions about whether they are adequately prepared to work with MLs. This paper examines how a single, strategically designed course can meaningfully prepare future teachers to work with MLs in general education classrooms across various grade levels and content areas. Drawing on research from comprehensive teacher education models designed to prepare educators for multilingual classrooms, this paper shows how a “one-course model” can lay the foundation of preservice teachers’ knowledge, shape their dispositions, and begin to develop the skills needed to foster inclusive practices that support MLs. Through intentional pedagogical design, assignments, and high-impact practices, a one-course model can both introduce essential competencies and prepare preservice teachers to advocate for MLs. This paper, on the other hand, will also acknowledge its inherent limitations. This approach highlights how structural challenges in rural teacher education can be reframed as opportunities for innovation in preparing educators for linguistically diverse classrooms
The White Terror in a Global Context: Miscarriages of Justice and the Origins of the Racial State in Hungary, 1919–1923
Get PDFThe study interprets Hungary’s counterrevolutionary interwar regime at the intersection of paramilitarism in the immediate aftermath of World War I and the rise of the modern racial state. It traces how the failure to prosecute perpetrators of antisemitic and political violence and the enactment of exclusionary laws marked a decisive turn from the Rechtsstaat to the Rassenstaat. Drawing on judicial archives and comparative cases, the essay argues that Hungary’s miscarriages of justice created both the precedent and the source of institutional habits for later racialised governance and persecution. The impunity granted to paramilitary perpetrators reshaped interwar political culture and fed into later extreme right-wing political cultures, including the political cultures and ideologies cultivated by Hungarian collaborators in the Holocaust. By contextualising Hungary’s experience in transnational histories of race, law, and modernisation, the article redefines the White Terror as a formative episode in the global genealogy of the racial state
Constructing a Reactionary Modernity: “White” Counterrevolutionary Mentalities and the Transformation of Politics in Central Europe after the Great War
Get PDFUnderstanding the modernities constructed in both the practices and the imaginaries of radical right-wing movements in the early 1920s has important implications for historiography. Among other things, it compels historians to adopt a holistic approach to these movements and to the societal and political contexts into which they were embedded and which they often attempted to influence or subvert. Such an approach helps to avoid reductionism, in both explanation and analysis: the right-wing radicals of the first post-war decades possessed complex ideological ancestry and were linked to intellectual milieus in which continuities survived the rupture of the Great War. Their often-violent political practices and the processes of meaning-making after the experience of defeat in the world war and of the Bolshevik threat open themselves to analysis only when this broader setting itself is interrogated