Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest - Open Access Journals
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A legitimáció problematika néhány koncepciója a globalizálódott kapitalizmusban
Full text linkLegitimacy is one of the fundamental categories of political theory. Ágnes Zsidai’s work is of outstanding importance in the Hungarian literature on this subject. In connection with this, I would like to pay tribute to her in this essay. In my article, I would like to highlight some of the connections between how legitimacy as a political phenomenon and its academic reflection have changed over the past half-century.A legitimitás az államelmélet egyik alapkategóriája. Elemzésének magyar szakirodalmából kiemelkedő jelentőségű Zsidai Ágnes munkássága. Hozzá kapcsolódva köszöntöm őt jelen írással. Írásomban annak néhány összefüggését szeretném fölvillantani, hogy az elmúlt fél évszázadban hogyan változott a legitimitás mint politikai jelenség és annak tudományos reflexiója
On logical interpretation
Full text linkThe issue of legal interpretation is one of the most important research matters of jurisprudence. In order to be able to apply written legal texts, we need to be able to determine their meaning or possible range of meanings. Perhaps the most interesting method is the so-called logical interpretation, which helps to determine the meaning of legal texts with formulae derived from formal logic, but in fact also containing the evaluation of the person performing the interpretation. The present study reviews the basic characteristics of logical interpretation and then analyzes its different formulae. Its final conclusion is that the so-called logical type of legal interpretation is only a quasi-logical one, and by using different formulae, based on the individual evaluation of the interpreter, the different meanings of the given legal text can also be derived in ways that are all legitimate and can be equally protected in legal practice too.The issue of legal interpretation is one of the most important research matters of jurisprudence. In order to be able to apply written legal texts, we need to be able to determine their meaning or possible range of meanings. Perhaps the most interesting method is the so-called logical interpretation, which helps to determine the meaning of legal texts with formulae derived from formal logic, but in fact also containing the evaluation of the person performing the interpretation. The present study reviews the basic characteristics of logical interpretation and then analyzes its different formulae. Its final conclusion is that the so-called logical type of legal interpretation is only a quasi-logical one, and by using different formulae, based on the individual evaluation of the interpreter, the different meanings of the given legal text can also be derived in ways that are all legitimate and can be equally protected in legal practice too
Osztrák–magyar nehéz hadihajók partok elleni támadásai az első világháborúban
No full textThis paper examines Austro-Hungarian navy shore bombardment missions using its largest armored units during World War I. While the Adriatic was a secondary theater of war, naval operations were mainly focused on submarines and light units. Both Austria-Hungary and Italy pursued cautious strategies, keeping their large armored vessels largely confined to naval bases. When deployed, these ships primarily targeted enemy shores. Before Italy entered the war, the only target was Montenegro. From August 1914, Austro-Hungarian units at Cattaro bombarded Montenegrin positions and later French batteries on Mount Lovćen. After Italy declared war on 24 May 1915, Admiral Anton Haus led the fleet against Italian shores, shelling Ancona, Rimini, Senigallia, and the Potenza River mouth, with no losses. Following the Central Powers’ victory over Serbia, Austria-Hungary invaded Montenegro in January 1916, supported by heavy naval guns. On 3 February, Sankt Georg shelled the Italian port of Ortona. The final bombardment missions occurred after Caporetto, with Austro-Hungarian units shelling Italian batteries at Cortellazzo on 16 November and 19 December 1917
A magyar kereskedelmi flotta első világháborús veszteségei az Adrián és Európán túl
No full textThe Hungarian merchant navy of Fiume, though not small by international standards, consisted mainly of modern steamships engaged in international trade. At the outbreak of World War I, Hungarian and Austro-Hungarian authorities, along with shipowners, worked to return these valuable vessels to home ports. Some were repurposed for military transport in the Adriatic, while others were hidden in safe Dalmatian harbors. However, by the end of 1914, 36 of the 74 most valuable ships had not reached home ports. Many were seized early on by enemy forces or later confiscated when previously neutral countries, such as Italy, Portugal, or the United States, entered the war. These ships were renamed, put to work, and their crews taken as prisoners. The remaining vessels spent the war interned in far-off ports, including Brazil, Argentina, and Sumatra. Very little is known about their eventual fate, and many details remain unclear to this day. Drawing on archival sources from Fiume/Rijeka, this study seeks to shed light on the fate of these ships and their crews, focusing particularly on those taken outside Europe. It aims to contribute to our understanding of the Hungarian merchant navy’s wartime experience, especially in regions beyond the Adriatic.The Hungarian merchant navy of Fiume, though not small by international standards, consisted mainly of modern steamships engaged in international trade. At the outbreak of World War I, Hungarian and Austro-Hungarian authorities, along with shipowners, worked to return these valuable vessels to home ports. Some were repurposed for military transport in the Adriatic, while others were hidden in safe Dalmatian harbors. However, by the end of 1914, 36 of the 74 most valuable ships had not reached home ports. Many were seized early on by enemy forces or later confiscated when previously neutral countries, such as Italy, Portugal, or the United States, entered the war. These ships were renamed, put to work, and their crews taken as prisoners. The remaining vessels spent the war interned in far-off ports, including Brazil, Argentina, and Sumatra. Very little is known about their eventual fate, and many details remain unclear to this day. Drawing on archival sources from Fiume/Rijeka, this study seeks to shed light on the fate of these ships and their crews, focusing particularly on those taken outside Europe. It aims to contribute to our understanding of the Hungarian merchant navy’s wartime experience, especially in regions beyond the Adriatic
Rendezvények
Full text linkBeszámoló a közel múlt fontosabb rendezvényeiről: a 32. nemzetközi térképészeti konferenciáról (Vancouverben), az IAG éves közgyűléséről (Riminiben), az MKK Geodéziai és Geoinformatikai Tagozat tisztújító taggyűléséről (Budapesten) és a XXVI. Földmérő Találkozóról (Nagyszebenben). Kitekintünk továbbá a kövel jövő eseményeire, így a Földtudományos Forgatagra és az MFTTT év végi közgyűlésére
A gondoskodás elismerése vagy diszkrimináció? : Gondolatok a „Nők 40” nyugdíjlehetőségről társadalmi egyenlőségi és alkotmányjogi szempontból
Full text linkLídia Balogh and Tímea Drinóczi take a close look at the narrowing scope of the “Women 40” pension scheme that offers beneficial conditions based on sex. They focus on equal treatment and constitutional aspects, providing a deeper dive into normative questions that connect the analysis to EU standards. Finally, they engage with empirical concerns, i.e. the efficiency and impact of the pension scheme.A Fórum rovatban szereplő írások kritikusan értékelik azokat a közelmúltbeli, az egyenlő bánásmódhoz való joggal szembeni jogalkotói és jogalkalmazói támadásokat, amelyek a Nők 40 nyugdíjprogramot, a hatósági jogsértésekkel szemben rendelkezésre álló szankciókat és az LMBTQI emberek státuszát érintik
Egyenlő bánásmód a büntetés-végrehajtásban? Egy vak fogvatartott személyiségi jogi perének bemutatása
Full text linkKatalin Szajbély from the Hungarian Helsinki Committee reports on strategic lawsuits aimed at improving the situation of persons with disabilities in penal institutions.A Magyar Helsinki Bizottság képviseletében Szajbély Katalin azokról a stratégiai perekről számol be, amelyek a fogyatékkal élők helyzetét hivatottak előmozdítani a büntetés-végrehajtási intézményekben
Az edzőképzés és -továbbképzés megítélése és lehetőségei a hazai gyorskorcsolyázásban
No full textOur study aimed to identify the pedagogical methods needed for the training and continuous professional development of speed skating coaches so that we can cater for their career-long learning similarly to the currently functioning system of teachers’ professional development. For the analysis, we used documents from the Hungarian Skating Federation (n = 5) and conducted a survey among coaches (nc = 26), athletes (na = 69), and parents (np = 69), complemented with interviews with sports leaders (nl = 2), as well as with coaches (nc = 6), athletes (na = 6), and parents (np = 6). The results show that coaches’ professional knowledge (M=3.84±0.41), methodological skills (M = 3.84 ± 0.37), and motivational power (M = 3.81 ± 0.62) are of key importance, very much like teaching competencies in teacher education. Coaches prefer further training, parents value organized education programs, and all participants support expanding training opportunities and improving the environment.Kutatásunk célja a gyorskorcsolyaedzők felkészítéséhez, valamint a pedagógusképzéshez hasonló rendszeres továbbképzéshez szükséges pedagógiai módszerek feltárása volt. Az elemzéshez a szövetség dokumentumait (n = 5) és kérdőíves felmérést használtunk edzők (ne = 26), versenyzők (nv = 69) és szülők (nsz = 69) körében, továbbá interjúkat készítettünk (ne = 6, nv = 6, nsz = 6) sportági vezetőkkel kiegészítve (nsv = 2). Az eredmények alapján az edzők szakmai tudása (M = 3,84 ± 0,41), módszertani képességei (M = 3,84 ± 0,37) és motivációs ereje (M = 3,81 ± 0,62) kulcsfontosságú, akárcsak a pedagógusképzésben a tanári kompetenciák. Az edzők a továbbképzést, a szülők a szervezett képzéseket részesítik előnyben; minden résztvevő támogatja a képzési lehetőségek bővítését és a környezet fejlesztését
Knowledge Technology
No full textLanguage – writing – printing – media communication—regulated flow of information: Academic knowledge is about technology. Knowledge is shaped by the regulation of information flows. The discourse of authors is a fundamental part of these regulations, but only a part. Knowledge is not the result of discourse but of organisation. The essay uses the university system, the journal system, the Turing-machine and Lichtenberg’s physics to prove this. It shows how quality, coherence, progressive diversity, sustainable permanence, and mechanisms for testing, reproducing, transmitting, and supplementing what has been achieved emerge from organised quantity. The thesis of the essay is that academic knowledge is a technology that continues to produce technology