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Nanoparticles as vectors of other contaminants in estuarine suspended sediments: natural and real conditions
Get PDFStudding the behaviour and danger of nanoparticles (NPs, minerals and amorphous phases) in the estuarine ecosystem is presently incomplete by the lack of measureable description of NPs in the ecological conditions, such as suspended-sediments (SS). In the last years, several works have revealed the toxic consequences of ultra-fine and nanoparticulate compounds on diverse systems, raising apprehensions over the nanocontaminants behaviour and destiny in the numerous ecological partitions. The general objective of the manuscript is to explain the geochemical conditions of the LES (Laguna estuarine system, southern Brazil) suspended sediments covering an area around the main South American coal plant, enhancing the creation of future public policies for environmental recovery projects. Subsequently the discharge of nanoparticles and toxic element (TE) in the ecosystem, NPs react with several constituents of the nature and suffers active alteration progressions. Contamination coming from engineering actions, wastewater, are something identifiable, however when these contaminations are accompanied by other contamination sources (e.g. mining and farming) the work gets defaulted. By combining material about the concentration of TE contaminants and NPs occurrences, this work offers novel visions into contaminant contact and the possible effects of such exposure on estuarine systems in Brazil. The results presented here will be useful for different areas of estuaries around the world.Silva Oliveira, Marcos LeandroDotto, Guilherme Luiz-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-4413-8138-600Pinto, Diana-will be generated-orcid-0000-0002-5958-6216-600Neckel, Alcindo-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-5435-3096-600Silva Oliveira, Luis Felip
Recent advances in bioprocess technology-2020
Get PDFNow-a-days, bioprocesses catalyzed by the whole cells and enzymes in industrial settings are gaining momentum over the traditional chemical synthetic processes. In this context, biotransformations show many advantages, such as one-pot reactions under mild conditions, high stereo- and regioselectivity, environmental friendliness and broad portfolio of substrates (including liquid, solid and gas waste). Nonetheless, some limitations such as the instability of biocatalysts and poor performance under certain reaction conditions, the low solubility of some substrates in the reaction medium, the high production costs due to complex downstream processing and product isolation and the limited knowledge in the microbiology or design of the bioprocesses, often hinder the scale-up of bioprocesses from the laboratory to the manufacturing plant. To develop efficient, sustainable and low-cost processes, both industrial and environmental biotechnology have an increasing demand for novel bioprocesses, capable of overcoming the abovementioned drawbacks. In this sense, the industrial sector demands novel processes using biocatalysts that exhibit a superior activity and stability under a wide range of reaction conditions (often achieved using metabolic engineering), the optimization of feedstock utilization by employing low-cost waste resources, the use of green chemistry solutions that allow the reduction of the use of hazardous solvents and reagents, or the development of cost-competitive biorefinery concepts able to convert industrial waste and byproducts into added value products, thus creating new value chains. This special issue (SI) aims at highlighting the recent advances in Bioprocess Technology. To this end, twenty-eight scientific articles, including experimental and review papers, were compiled in order to show the reader the state-of-the-art and future trends in bioprocess technology in the context of circular economy. These papers have been selected based on the standard peer-review process of the journal and have been classified in six different categories: i) Bioprocess design and circular economy, ii) Biotransformation catalyzed by whole cell or enzymes, iii) Microbial biomass valorization into high-value chemicals and biofuels, iv) The use of renewable carbon and waste resources, v) Novel fermentation strategies, v) Metabolic engineering and vi) New bioprocesses applications. The guest editors would like to thank Prof. Ashok Pandey, Editor-in-Chief of Bioresource Technology who has contributed greatly to the success of this special issue. We also thank to Dr. Adam Fraser (Publishing Editor), Mr. Leonard Daniel (Journal Manager) and Ms. Hannah Zhang (Associate Publishing Content Specialist) for their cooperation in bringing out this SI. Finally, the guest editors would like to thank to all the authors and reviewers for their remarkable contributions, which made possible the publication of this special issue. We hope that the articles published in this Special Issue will be of great interest and value to the readers of Bioresource Technology.Fernández-Lucas, Jesús-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-7045-8306-600Muñoz, RaúlSang, Byoung-In-will be generated-orcid-0000-0001-7972-6709-600Pratap Singh, Sudhi
Influence of ambient temperature in the city of Portoviejo, Ecuador on the energy performance of photovoltaic modules
No full textThe research analyzes the influence of the average temperature on the performance of specific photovoltaic solar modules under the environmental conditions of the city of Portoviejo, province of Manabí, Ecuador. The research is carried out using the qualitative methodology. Its main objective is to determine the influence of temperature on the energy performance of photovoltaic modules under the region's environmental conditions. Two electrical diagrams with different configurations were designed, which were analyzed and simulated using the MATLAB Simulink software. The results obtained show the direct relationship between the electrical parameters of voltage, current intensity, and power with the temperature value on the surface of the modules. It is concluded that the modules generate a higher value of voltage, electric current intensity, and electric power at a lower temperature, regardless of the level of solar irradiation they receive
Relación entre la eficacia de los planes y programas de salud pública municipales para la prevención del suicidio e intento de suicidio con su desempeño operativo y financiero en el departamento del Atlántico, Colombia, en el cuatrienio 2016 – 2019
No full textBackground. The objective of public health policies is to improve the health of the population by encouraging health promotion and maintenance activities, as well as improving the quality of care. Objectives. To evaluate the relationship between budget allocation and operational performance of public health programs with indicators of suicide and attempted suicide rates in the department of Atlántico, Colombia, for the period 2016-2019. Methods. Longitudinal analysis for the 22 municipalities of the department, using suicide and attempted suicide rates as outcome variable. A multiple linear regression model was developed to investigate the relationship between allocated budget and recorded activity performance and annual incidence rates of suicide and attempted suicide. Results. No association was found between budget allocation and operational efficiency of prevention programs on the incidence rates of suicide and attempted suicide in the municipalities of the department (F(2,18)= 1.178, p= 0.33, R2= .12). Conclusions. Several authors have pointed out that public health activities play an important role in the prevention of suicide and suicide attempts, but in this study no relationship was observed between greater budgetary allocation or operational efficiency of these activities in the municipalities and lower rates of suicide and suicide attempts in the population. It is likely that effective prevention of suicide and suicide attempts requires a more concerted and multi-institutional approach. These results refer to the department of Atlántico, Colombia, but have relevance for other territories developing similar programs.Antecedentes. Las políticas de salud pública tienen como objetivo mejorar la salud de la población incentivando las actividades de fomento, promoción y mantenimiento de la salud, así como la mejora de la calidad de la atención. Objetivos. Relacionar la eficacia de los planes y programas municipales de salud pública para la disminución del SD e ISD y su desempeño operativo y financiero en el departamento del Atlántico en el cuatrienio 2016- 2019. Métodos. Análisis longitudinal para los 22 municipios del departamento, utilizando tasas de suicidio e intento de suicidio como variable de resultado. Se elaboró un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple para investigar la relación entre el presupuesto asignado y el rendimiento de las actividades registrada y las tasas de incidencia anual de suicidio e intento de suicidio. Resultados. No se encontró asociación entre la asignación presupuestal y la eficacia operativa de los programas de prevención en las tasas de incidencia de suicidio e intento de suicidio en los municipios del departamento (F(2,18)= 1.178, p= 0.33, R 2= .12). Conclusiones. Varios autores han señalado que las actividades de salud pública juegan un importante papel en la prevención del suicidio y el intento de suicidio, pero en este estudio no se observó una relación entre la mayor asignación presupuestal o eficiencia operativa de estas en los municipios y menores tasas de suicidio e intento de suicidio en la población. Es probable que la prevención eficaz del suicidio y el intento de suicidio requiera un enfoque más concertado y multiinstitucional. Estos resultados se refieren al departamento del Atlántico, Colombia, pero tienen relevancia para otros territorios que desarrollen programas similares.Lista de Tablas y Figuras 10 –
Problema de investigación 19 –
Planteamiento del problema 19 –
Pregunta o problema de investigación 21 –
Hipótesis 21 –
Objetivos 21 –
Objetivo general 21 –
Objetivos específicos 21 –
Revisión de la literatura 22 –
Epidemiología 24 –
Variaciones geográficas en la incidencia 26 –
Tendencias temporales 28 –
Estrategias de prevención 29 –
Evaluación de las intervenciones de prevención del suicidio. 32 –
Situación en Colombia 33 –
Lesiones auto inflingidas intencionalmente 34 –
Vigilancia epidemiológica 34 –
Intervenciones de salud pública 35 –
Estudios previos similares 38 –
Marco referencial 41 –
Delimitación de la investigación 41 –
Marco legal 41 –
Justificación 43 –
Diseño metodológico 43 –
Diseño de la investigación 43 –
Operacionalización de las variables 44 –
Universo, población y muestra 45 –
Fuentes de datos 45 –
Técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de información 45 –
Análisis estadísticos 46 –
Consideraciones éticas 47 –
Resultados 48 –
Discusión 55 –
Conclusiones 57 –
Recomendaciones 58 –
Anexos 59 –
Anexo 1. Tabla maestra de recolección de datos 59 –
Anexo 2. Modelo de regresión lineal múltiple 61 –
Estadísticos descriptivos 61 –
Estadísticos descriptivos (Datos cuantitativos / Validación 61 –
Estadísticos descriptivos (Datos cuantitativos / Predicción) 62 –
Matriz de correlaciones 62 –
Estadísticos de multicolinealidad 62 –
Regresión de la variable Tasa de Incidencia de SD e ISD 62 –
Referencias 68 --Magíster en Gestión de Servicios de SaludMaestrí
Sexual-specific disgust sensitivity mechanisms in homonegativity and transnegativity; the mediating role of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA)
No full textDisgust specific to sexual stimuli has been thought to be an adaptation that serves purposes of pathogen-avoidance, partner selection and social dominance. While the link between disgust responses and homonegative and transnegative attitudes has been relatively established, it is not yet clear why. Literature using evolutionary psychology perspectives of these phenomena is scarce in areas with substantial LGBT-related violence like Colombia. This research aimed to study the interplay of predispositional (e.g. sociodemographic, reported contact), affective (e.g. disgust sensitivity) and cognitive (e.g. Right-Wing Authoritarian) variables in homonegative and transnegative attitudes of Colombian adults. Participants (N = 272) had a mean age of 26.38 (SD = 9.47), women comprised 72% of the sample and men 28%. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that increased sexual specific disgust sensitivity and greater RWA predicted stronger homonegativity and transnegativity. The relationship between sexual disgust and prejudice was partially mediated by RWA. Findings suggest that sexual disgust sensitivity adaptations in homonegativity and transnegativity may respond to selection pressures that differ from pathogen-avoidance perspectives, and that are associated with maintaining social hierarchy and social dominance. Anti-prejudice initiatives would benefit from targeting emotional responses of sexual disgust, especially within communities and institutions that have historically endorsed conservative and traditional values
Integración didáctica de la TIC para el fortalecimiento de competencias socioemocionales
No full textLa educación desde la integración de las tecnologías promueve el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes, preparándolos para enfrentar los retos del mundo actual. Desde este referente, esta investigación tiene como objetivo diseñar una propuesta que fundamentada en la integración didáctica TIC contribuya al desarrollo de competencias socioemocionales en estudiantes de segundo grado. Se contextualiza en la Institución Educativa Distrital El valle y la Institución Educativa Sofía Camargo de Lleras de Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia. Plantea dos supuestos de investigación, el primero señala que la integración didáctica TIC brinda oportunidades para crear espacios de enseñanza-aprendizaje que fortalecen competencias socioemocionales en los estudiantes, además mejoran significativamente la actitud del docente. El segundo, sostiene que el fortalecimiento de las competencias socioemocionales a través de la integración didáctica TIC permite a los niños aprender a convivir en armonía y educarse integralmente para la vida. La investigación se enmarca en un enfoque racionalista crítico-deductivo, con un paradigma mixto de naturaleza cuali-cuantitativo. Se integran tres componentes: documental, con dos unidades de análisis: el Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI) y las Mallas Curriculares. De campo, cuyas unidades son: docentes y estudiantes. Y el propositivo orientado a generar una propuesta de carácter metodológico. Los principales resultados evidencian que existen algunos lineamientos para la enseñanza de competencias socioemocionales, pero son desarrollados a criterios del docente, sin integración TIC. Como ideas conclusivas se expone, la necesidad de definir y garantizar procesos de educación socioemocional con integración TIC desde los diferentes niveles y acorde al contexto del estudiante, desde la cualificación docente.Education from the integration of technologies promotes the comprehensive development of students, preparing them to face the challenges of today's world. From this point of view, this research aims to design a proposal that, based on TIC didactic integration, contributes to the development of socio-emotional skills in second grade students. It is contextualized in the El Valle District Educational Institution and the Sofía Camargo de Lleras Educational Institution in Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia. It raises two research assumptions, the first indicates that TIC didactic integration provides opportunities to create teaching-learning spaces that strengthen socio-emotional competencies in students, in addition to significantly improving the teacher's attitude. The second argues that the strengthening of socio-emotional skills through TIC didactic integration allows children to learn to live in harmony and educate themselves fully for life. The research is part of a critical-deductive rationalist approach, with a mixed paradigm of a qualitative-quantitative nature. Three components are integrated: documentary, with two units of analysis: the Institutional Educational Project (PEI) and the Curricular Meshes. Field, whose units are: teachers and students. And the purposeful one aimed at generating a proposal of a methodological nature. The main results show that there are some guidelines for teaching socio-emotional skills, but they are developed according to the teacher's criteria, without TIC integration. As conclusive ideas are exposed, the need to define and guarantee processes of socio-emotional education with TIC integration from the different levels and according to the student's context, from the teaching qualification. Using data collection techniques such as content matrix analysis, surveys and interviews.Introducción 13--
Capítulo I. Planteamiento del problema 16--
Descripción del problema 16--
Formulación del problema (Pregunta problema) 20--
Sistematización del problema 21--
Objetivos de la investigación 23--
Objetivo General 23--
Objetivos Específicos 23--
Justificación 23--
Delimitación del trabajo de investigación 25--
Delimitación Física, Geográfica y Organizacional 25--
Delimitación Temática 26--
Delimitación Temporal 26--
Capítulo II. Marco Teórico – Conceptual 27--
Estado del Arte 28--
Antecedentes Internacionales 28--
Antecedentes Nacionales 47--
Antecedentes Regionales 51--
Antecedentes Locales 53---
Marco teórico 56--
Las TIC y su impacto en el mundo 57-
Las TIC como transformadores de vida 57--
El papel de las TIC para el desarrollo de habilidades del siglo XXI 58--
Una educación de calidad, es resultados de procesos de transformación pedagógica 58--
La escuela integradora de procesos TIC 60--
Competencias tic en el ámbito educativo 61--
La dimensión pedagógica curricular desde la integración didáctica de las TIC 64--
El maestro innovador un verdadero facilitador del aprendizaje 64--
El currículo pieza indispensable en la integración de las TIC en el contexto educativo65--
Competencias comunicativas necesarias para un dialogo constructivo 66--
El dialogo esencial en el desarrollo de competencias comunicativa 67--
Estrategias motivacionales en la escuela68--
La didáctica como forma de instruir y generar aprendizajes e interacción social 69--
Estrategias motivacionales, retos de la escuela 69--
Practicas instruccionales en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje 71--
Integración tic desde el aprendizaje social 72--
El desarrollo de competencias sociales y emocionales en las prácticas pedagógicas 73--
Inteligencia emocional, clave para el desarrollo de competencias socioemocionales 73--
Competencias socioemocionales habilidades que conllevan a mejorar la calidad de vida 75--
El aula como espacio para desarrollar competencias socioemocionales 77--
Marco legal 78--
Capítulo III. 93--
Marco Metodológico 94--
Enfoque epistemológico 94--
Paradigma de investigación 94--
Método de investigación 95--
Diseño de investigación 96--
Fase teórica- documental: nivel descriptivo – explicativo 96--
Fase empírica- de campo. Nivel descriptivo – explicativo 97--
Población y Muestra 98--
Población de unidades A 98--
Población de unidades B 98 --
Fase propositiva 99--
Metodología de la propuesta 100--
Técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de información 101--
Matriz de análisis de contenido 101--
Selección de la muestra 101--
Guion de entrevista- Estudiantes 103--
Encuesta – Docentes primaria 103--
Guion de entrevista- Docentes grado segundo 105--
Validez y confiabilidad de los instrumentos 106--
Técnicas de procesamiento del análisis de datos 109--
recolección de información y las técnicas de análisis de la información, por M. Luque & J. Mendoza (2022) 111--
Capítulo IV 111--
Procesamiento y análisis de resultados 112--
Análisis e interpretación del análisis de contenido 112--
Matriz de análisis de contenido PEI- variable 1 113--
Matriz de análisis de contenido- PEI- variable 2. 124--
Matriz de análisis de contenido- mallas curriculares variable 1 128--
Matriz de análisis de contenido- mallas curriculares variable 2 133--
Consideraciones generales del Análisis de contenido 133--
Resultados Instrumento Entrevista a Docentes y Directivos 133--
Análisis e interpretación del cuestionario aplicado a los estudiantes 133--
Caracterización de la población 133--
Análisis e interpretación del cuestionario aplicado a los docentes 133--
Caracterización de la población 133--
Resultados Instrumento Entrevista a Docentes y Directivos 133--
PAGEREF _Toc148862651 \h Visión integrada del análisis cuantitativo y --cualitativo 133--Capitulo V133--Propuesta 133--
Introducción 133--
Objetivos de la propuesta 133--
Objetivos general 133--
Objetivos Específicos 133---
Justificación 133-
Principios orientadores de la propuesta 133--
Plan de acción 133---
Aplicación tecnológica EMYTIC 133--
Cartilla del estudiante 133-
Guía docente Emytic 133---
Validación de la propuesta: EMYTIC 133--
Figura 50 133--
PAGEREF _Toc148862666 \h Triangulación 133--
Conclusiones 133--
Recomendaciones 133---
Referencias 133--Magíster en Educación – Modalidad VirtualMaestrí
Trends in bioactive multilayer films: perspectives in the use of polysaccharides, proteins, and carbohydrates with natural additives for application in food packaging
No full textThe harmful effects on the environment caused by the indiscriminate use of synthetic plastics and the inadequate management of post-consumer waste have given rise to efforts to redirect this consumption to bio-based economic models. In this sense, using biopolymers to produce materials is a reality for food packaging companies searching for technologies that allow these materials to compete with those from synthetic sources. This review paper focused on the recent trends in multilayer films with the perspective of using biopolymers and natural additives for application in food packaging. Firstly, the recent developments in the area were presented concisely. Then, the main biopolymers used (gelatin, chitosan, zein, polylactic acid) and main methods for multilayer film preparation were discussed, including the layer-by-layer, casting, compression, extrusion, and electrospinning methods. Furthermore, we highlighted the bioactive compounds and how they are inserted in the multilayer systems to form active biopolymeric food packaging. Furthermore, the advantages and drawbacks of multilayer packaging development are also discussed. Finally, the main trends and challenges in using multilayer systems are presented. Therefore, this review aims to bring updated information in an innovative approach to current research on food packaging materials, focusing on sustainable resources such as biopolymers and natural additives. In addition, it proposes viable production routes for improving the market competitiveness of biopolymer materials against synthetic materials
La literatura presente en la Casa del Maestro
No full textMemorias de la conferencia “Ramon Vinyes: más que el sabio catalán” presentada por el doctorante en Literatura Hispanoamericana del Siglo XX de la Universidad de Girona, Xavier Colomer-Ribot. Ramon Vinyes conocido como el Sabio Catalán, fue uno de los integrantes del Grupo Barranquilla e influenció la obra de Gabriel García Márquez
Public ethics as a criterion of legitimate trust in judicial decisions of the Colombian Constitutional Court
No full textEn el presente artículo, se hace un análisis de la categoría de la confianza legítima en relación a las decisiones judiciales de la Corte Constitucional colombiana. Para ello, se realizó una interpretación extensiva de esta figura, que nació como una expectativa de cara a los desarrollos legislativos después de la segunda postguerra mundial; y evoluciono, como una expectativa de los ciudadanos frente a la administración pública en general. No obstante, sin detenernos en el caso del legislador y la administración pública, que comparten los presupuesto clásicos de la confianza legítima como son los principios de seguridad jurídica y de buena fe, se incluyó para efectos de este estudio, un nuevo criterio de análisis como la ética pública para indicar como —esta— se constituye en un criterio ineludible de la confianza legítima —que siempre ha estado sin visibilidad—, y debe estar en todas las decisiones judiciales, y mucho más cuando se trata de altos tribunales, u órganos de cierre del sistema jurídico-político, como las cortes constitucionales que dirimen los conflictos de mayor huella social. Para esta investigación se aplicó un enfoque paradigmático de corte hermenéutico en armonía con un enfoque cualitativo sustentado en una rigurosa técnica de análisis de texto. Como resultado de este trabajo se evidencia el alcance de esta figura y su impacto en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional colombiana.In this article, an analysis is made of the category of legitimate trust in relation to the judicial decisions of the Colombian Constitutional Court. For this purpose, an extensive interpretation of this figure, which was born as an expectation in the face of legislative developments after the Second World War, and evolved as an expectation of citizens in relation to public administration in general, was made. However, without stopping in the case of the legislator and the public administration, which share the classic assumptions of legitimate trust such as the principles of legal certainty and good faith, a new criterion of analysis was included for the purposes of this study, such as public ethics to indicate how —this— constitutes an unavoidable criterion of legitimate trust —which has always been without visibility—, and must be in all judicial decisions, and much more when it comes to high courts, or closing bodies of the legal-political system, such as the constitutional courts that resolve the conflicts of greater social impact. For this research, a paradigmatic hermeneutic approach was applied in harmony with a qualitative approach based on a rigorous technique of text analysis. As a result of this work, the scope of this figure and its impact on the jurisprudence of the Colombian Constitutional Court is evidenced
Submerged cultivation of Nigrospora sp. in batch and fed-batch modes for microbial oil production
No full textMicrobial lipids are a valuable source of potential biofuels and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. The optimization of the fermentation conditions is a strategy that affects the total lipid concentration. The genus Nigrospora sp. has been the target of investigations based on its potential bioherbicidal action. Therefore, this study developed a strategy to maximize the biomass concentration and lipid accumulation by Nigrospora sp. in submerged fermentation. Different media compositions and process variables were investigated in shaken flasks and bioreactor in batch and fed-batch modes. Maximum biomass concentration and lipid accumulations were 40.17 g/L and 21.32 wt% in the bioreactor, which was 2.1 and 5.4 times higher than the same condition in shaken flasks, respectively. This study presents relevant information to the production of fungal lipids since few investigations are exploring the fed-batch strategy to increase the yield of fungi lipids, as well as few studies investigating Nigrospora sp. to produce lipids