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Profane Illuminations. Cycles of city dwelling in Walter Benjamin
No full textLa obra de Benjamin, ha sido profusamente revisada en las últimas décadas por parte de diversos autores, enfoques, disciplinas y horizontes reflexivos. Desde la arquitectura, si bien nos ofrece un campo relevante de reflexión, predominan lecturas que oscilan entre críticas al orden social y técnico, y aproximaciones epistémicoideológicas. En este contexto, parece relevante ahondar no solo en ciertos conceptos, sino en lo que pueda constituirse como un método y praxis pedagógica —en nuestra contemporaneidad—, que recoja la propia experiencia de habitar y vivir cotidianamente la ciudad. Así, junto con proponer una lectura y revisión de conceptos relevantes en la obra de Benjamin, éstos son puestos en dialogo con autores y matrices reflexivas, de corte hermenéutico, a fin de abrir un espacio que nos permita reflexionar y comprender enlaces y tramas de sentido propias de la experiencia de habitar, afianzando, desde la arquitectura, modos de enseñanza y aproximación disciplinar propias.Benjamin’s work has been profusely reviewed in recent decades by various authors, approaches, disciplines and reflective horizons. From architecture, although it offers us a relevant field of reflection, there are predominant readings that oscillate between criticisms of the social and technical order, and epistemic-ideological approaches. In this context, it seems relevant to deepen not only in certain concepts, but in what can be constituted as a pedagogical method and praxis —in our contemporaneity— that collects the experience of living and living the city daily. Thus, together with proposing a reading and review of relevant concepts in Benjamin’s work, these are put in dialogue with authors and reflexive matrices, hermeneutical, in order to open a space that allows us to reflect and understand links and meaning plots typical of the experience of inhabiting, strengthening, from the architecture, teaching methods and disciplinary approach of their own
Occupational safety and health management systems as a component of labor productivity
No full textThe Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SG-SST) encompasses a discipline that aims to improve working conditions and the work environment, which leads to the inclusion of policy, planning, evaluation, improvement actions continuous and promotion of the maintenance of the physical, mental, and social well-being of the employees in the workspaces. Therefore, the objective of the article is to analyze the occupational safety and health management system (SGSST) as a component of labor productivity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), exporters of the metal-mechanic sector of Barranquilla-Colombia. Methodologically, it is developed under the quantitative paradigm, non-experimental design, cross-sectional and descriptive scope. The results determine that in this type of companies the SGSST are developed from the conception of security programs. The degree of commitment of the strategic direction in promoting the effectiveness of the programs is evident, but it is necessary to consolidate processes for the adoption and awareness of these, by the employees promoting labor productivity. It is recommended the implementation of strategies that guarantee compliance with the SGSST, generating a high impact on productivity processes
Perception of the bioclimatic conditions for teleworking in colombian homes. Bioclimatic conditions for telework in Colombia
No full textA partir de la pandemia generada por el COVID 19, la opción de teletrabajo se contempló como una alternativa laboral. Por esta razón, es importante verificar las condiciones bioclimáticas de los nuevos lugares de trabajo ya que estas pueden incidir sobre la productividad laboral, la salud mental e inclusive la salud física de las personas.
El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la percepción de las personas con respecto a los aspectos bioclimáticos de los espacios de teletrabajo en comparación con los espacios que usualmente cuentan en las empresas y asimismo determinar cuál es la modalidad de su preferencia (presencialidad, alternancia, virtualidad). Para esta investigación se implementó la técnica de recolección de información llamada encuesta en donde se entrevista a 280 personas, ubicadas en Colombia, principalmente en las ciudades de Medellín, Bogotá, Cali y Pereira.
Finalmente, se evidencia la importancia que ejerce considerar, al momento de seleccionar la modalidad de trabajo, el desempeño bioclimático para favorecer la salud de las personas y la productividad laboral.Due to the COVID 19 pandemic, teleworking was considered a work alternative. For this reason, it is relevant to verify the bioclimatic conditions of the new workplaces since they can affect labor productivity, mental health, and even people's physical health.
The objective of this research is to identify the perception of people regarding the bioclimatic aspects of teleworking places in comparison with the places that are commonly used in companies for that puporse, and also determine which is the modality of people´s preference (face-to-face, alternation, or virtuality). For this research, the survey method was the information collection technique that was implemented, where 280 people were surveyed in Colombia, mainly in the cities of Medellín, Bogotá, Cali, and Pereira.
Finally, it is very important to consider the selection of the work modality, the bioclimatic performance to improve people's health and the labor productivity
Human management by competencies in competitive and complex scenarios: a reflective theoretical approach
No full textHuman management is interpreted by competencies in competitive and complex scenarios. According to the documentary review of disciplinary, classic and current research; with a reflective theoretical approach using hermeneutics. The findings show the reinvention of the human being, adapting to turbulent changes in the environment, where the skills of talent get in the way to take on global challenges, associated with sustainability, in the face of the era of the new normal, where everything seems to be stable, but the dynamics of life manifests the detriment of resources and capacities of the world, limiting the living being, responding and challenging market requirements
Synthesis and application of ferromagnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite as an effective adsorbent for Clonazepam: Batch experiments, modeling, regeneration, and phytotoxicity
No full textIn this work, a ferromagnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite (mGO) was produced, characterized, and tested for clonazepam removal from water. After the nanocomposite production and characterization, adsorption tests showed that the initial pH does not influence the clonazepam removal. Clonazepam adsorption onto mGO was an extremely fast process, with equilibrium reached within the first minutes. Sips isotherm showed the best fit to the experimental data, presenting a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.81 mg g−1, indicating that the clonazepam adsorption process is favorable. Pseudo-first order was the empirical kinetic model that best fit the experimental data, with R2 > 0.99; as for the phenomenological models, both the Linear and Quadratic Driving Force models fit the data with R2 > 0.97. Moreover, the regenerative and reuse potential of the nanocomposite was analyzed, exhibiting remarkable regeneration potential, even after 5 adsorption/desorption cycles. Finally, according to the phytotoxicity tests, it was observed that the effluent treated with mGO did not present toxicity to watercress seeds, as all seeds germinated. This work stands out because it proposes a nanoparticle composite material for the viable, efficient, eco-friendly, and easy removal of an emerging contaminant from water
Potential of subcritical water hydrolyzed soybean husk as an alternative biosorbent to uptake basic Red 9 dye from aqueous solutions
No full textBioethanol produced from lignocellulosic sources still faces problems related to the feasibility of this technological route. Within the biorefinery concept and clean technology, subcritical water hydrolysis (SWH) is efficient for dissociating lignocellulosic biomass. The solid co-products can be used for other applications to become SWH a more feasible process. The potential use of subcritical water hydrolyzed soybean husks (SWHSH) as a biosorbent to remove basic Red 9 dye (BR9) from aqueous solutions was evaluated in this study. SWHSH was efficient in the uptake of BR9, mainly at a pH of 8.0. The Langmuir model satisfied the biosorption equilibrium profile with a biosorption capacity of 56.8 mg g−1. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the biosorption is spontaneous, with the ΔG0 ranging from − 22.08 to − 24.88 kJ mol1, with an endothermic nature (ΔH0 = 5.59 kJ mol−1). The biosorption equilibrium was in 60 min for all the initial concentrations studied. The Linear Driving Force (LDF) model fitted the data well, furnishing diffusivity values from 1.41 to 2.00 × 10−8 cm2 s−1. Desorption was also possible under acid conditions, and SWHSH could be effectively used 3 times. Last, the fixed-bed biosorption showed that the SWHSH could remove the BR 9 dye up to 180 min without regeneration, presenting a biosorption capacity of 46.1 mg g1 for 900 mL of treated effluent with an initial concentration of 200 mg L1. The characterization and biosorption results indicate that the BR9 tends to be adsorbed by physical forces, possibly by hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interaction, ππ interaction, and cation-π interaction. Overall, the SWHSH demonstrated potential application as a biosorbent for the removal of BR9
Biosorption of neodymium (nd) from aqueous solutions using Spirulina platensis sp. strains
No full textRare earth elements such as neodymium (Nd) are important elements used mainly in developing new technologies. Although they are found in low concentrations in nature, they can be obtained by extracting solid samples such as phosphogypsum. Among the techniques, adsorption has been used successfully with several adsorbent materials. In this work, two strains of Spirulina platensis (LEB-18 and LEB-52) were employed as biosorbents for efficiently removing the Nd element from the aqueous media. Biosorption tests were carried out in a batch system, and the results of the biosorption kinetics showed that for both materials, the biosorption of Nd was better described by the Avrami model. Moreover, it could be considered that 80 min would be necessary to attain the equilibrium of Nd(III) using both biosorbents. The result of the biosorption isotherms showed that for both strains, the best-fitted model was the Liu model, having a maximum biosorption capacity of 72.5 mg g−1 for LEB-18 and 48.2 mg g−1 for LEB-52 at a temperature of 298 K. Thermodynamics of adsorption showed that for both LEB-18 and LEB-52 the process was favorable (∆G° < 0) and exothermic (∆H° −23.2 for LEB-18 and ∆H° −19.9 for LEB-52). Finally, both strains were suitable to uptake Nd, and the better result of LEB-18 could be attributed to the high amount of P and S groups in this biomass. Based on the results, a mechanism of electrostatic attraction of Nd3+ and phosphate and sulfate groups of both strains of Spirulina platensis was proposed
Floristic biodiversity indices in three agroecological models in the municipality of La Playa of Belén, North of Santander
No full textIntroducción: La biodiversidad florística es parte de la riqueza biológica de un área geográfica y su conocimiento es vital para el manejo de la vegetación en las fincas.
Objetivo: Evaluar los índices de biodiversidad florística de 15 predios ubicados en el municipio de La Playa de Belén, Norte de Santander a través de las siguientes variables: riqueza, diversidad, abundancia y diversidad.
Metodología: El presente estudio se desarrolló en 15 fincas del municipio de La Playa de Belén del departamento Norte de Santander en donde se establecieron tres modelos agroecológicos y se valoraron los índices de biodiversidad florística de abundancia, equidad, riqueza, diversidad y dominancia.
Resultados: Se encontraron 54 especies pertenecientes a 42 géneros y 32 familias botánicas, donde sobresale Faboceae y Melastomataceae. Los índices de biodiversidad global del municipio fueron: abundancia 523, Riqueza Específica 22, Diversidad de Especies de Margalef 3,35, equidad de Shannon – Wiener 3,47, y Dominancia de Simpson 0,040.
Conclusiones: Las áreas estudiadas presentan 54 especies que se distribuyen en 22 familias, las cuales se dividen en matorrales, arbustos y árboles, presentes en el bosque seco pre montano, que a través de los años ha sido fraccionado y limitadas a pequeñas arboledas, en donde predominan los especies leñosas de baja y mediana altura, además de especies introducidas por los agricultores para su beneficio; los arbustos se limitan a una pequeña cantidad de las especies encontradas, pero llegan a ocupar grandes predios gracias a la facilidad de su dispersión.Introduction: Floristic biodiversity is part of the biological wealth of a geographic area.
Objective: Evaluate the floristic biodiversity indices of 15 properties located in the municipality of La Playa de Belén, Norte de Santander through the following variables: richness, diversity, abundance and diversity.
Method: The present study was developed in 15 farms in the municipality of La Playa de Belén in the Norte de Santander department, where three agroecological models were established and the floristic biodiversity indices of abundance, equity, richness, diversity and dominance were assessed.
Results: 54 species belonging to 42 genera and 32 botanical families were found, where the Faboceae and Melastomataceae stand out. The global biodiversity indices of the municipality were: abundance 523, Shannon - Wiener equity 3.47, Specific Wealth 22, Margalef Species Diversity 3.35 and Simpson Dominance 0.040.
Conclusions: The studied areas present 54 species that are distributed in 22 families, which are divided into thickets, shrubs and trees, present in the pre-montane dry forest, which over the years has been divided and limited to small groves, where they predominate low and medium height woody species, as well as species introduced by farmers for their benefit; the bushes are limited to a small number of the species found, but they come to occupy large areas thanks to the ease of their dispersal
Food consumption and food advertising: contrasts in schooled children
No full textIntroducción: México ocupa uno de los primeros lugares en obesidad infantil en el mundo, debido a esto, recientemente el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia encomió al país a implementar regulaciones al contenido de la publicidad alimentaria enfocada a los niños, dada la relación de esta con el consumo de alimentos no saludables, el sobrepeso y obesidad. Objetivo: Contrastar la percepción de la publicidad alimentaria respecto al consumo adecuado e inadecuado de los diferentes grupos alimentarios en niños escolarizados del noreste de México. Métodología: Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y comparativo, seleccionando a través de un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio una muestra de 196 niños de primero a sexto de primaria, a quienes se les aplicó un recordatorio de consumo alimentario y un cuestionario de percepción de publicidad alimentaria televisiva. Resultados y discusión: Los niños presentaron un consumo inadecuado de todos los grupos alimenticios, excepto de agua, consumiéndola adecuadamente. Así mismo, el 32.8% de los niños consideran que la publicidad alimentaria ha cambiado su forma de comer. Finalmente se encontraron diferencias significativas, pero con un tamaño del efecto pequeño entre el consumo de alimentos y la publicidad alimentaria como en el caso de sentirse fuertes viendo comerciales, consumir más lácteos y alimentos de origen animal, así como considerar que los comerciales les hacen comer más comida chatarra y consumir más azúcares. Conclusión: Es importante la regulación de los contenidos presentados en estos mensajes publicitarios, pues el segmento infantil a quienes van dirigidos es altamente influenciable.Introduction: Mexico occupies one of the first places in childhood obesity in the world, due to this, the United Nations Children’s Fund recently commended the country to implement regulations on the content of food advertising focused on children, given the relationship of this with the consumption of unhealthy foods, overweight and obesity. Object: To contrast the perception of food advertising regarding the adequate and inadequate consumption of the different food groups in school children in northeastern Mexico. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive and comparative study was developed, selecting through random probabilistic sampling a sample of 196 children from first to sixth grade, who were given a reminder of food consumption and a food advertising perception questionnaire. television. Results and discussion: The children presented inadequate consumption of all the food groups, except water, consuming it adequately. Likewise, 32.8% of children consider that food advertising has changed their way of eating. Finally, significant differences were found, but with a small effect size between food consumption and food advertising, as in the case of feeling strong watching commercials, consuming more dairy products and foods of animal origin, as well as considering that commercials make them eat more junk food and consume more sugars. Conclusion: It is important to regulate the contents presented in these advertising messages, since the children’s segment to whom they are directed is highly influenced
The joint effect of the internet of things and democracy on corruption: a cross-country study
No full textThis work estimates the joint effect of the IoT and the levels of democracy on international corruption. For this, a database of 161 countries is used for the years 2010-2019, considering various sources of information for a set of variables supported by theory. The results indicate that the joint effect is important to combat corruption. Therefore, policies focused on increasing access to free information, social networks, and other factors associated with Internet access should be used as an effective strategy to reduce corruption in the countries studied