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Long-term (6 months) neurological and psychiatric consequences in mild COVID community patients
No full textLas complicaciones neurológicas a largo plazo de la infección por coronavirus han sido descriptas en los pacientes hospitalizados en el episodio agudo. De ellos el 63% presentaron fatiga y debilidad muscular, el 26% trastornos del sueño; 24% trastornos en la marcha y 23% ansiedad y depresión. A mayor severidad del episodio agudo mayor probabilidad de sintomatología neurológica a largo plazo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la prevalencia de síntomas neurológicos y psiquiátricos a los 6 meses en una cohorte de pacientes adultos, principalmente ambulatorios. Fueron evaluados mediante una entrevista telefónica 96 sujetos con una media de edad de 48 años, 54% mujeres, y el 86 % ambulatorios leves. De ellos a los 6 meses el 32% de la población presentaba aun síntomas neurológicos o psiquiátricos. Ansiedad (31%), fatiga (26%), niebla mental (24%), insomnio (22%), depresión (21%), y cefalea (19%) entre otros. Conclusiones: en el presente trabajo con sujetos que sufrieron COVID leve los síntomas neurológicos y psiquiátricos post COVID continuaron prominentes como lo reportado en otros trabajos en las formas agudas más gravesLong-term neurological complications of coronavirus infection have been described in the acute episode in hospitalized patients. 63% had fatigue and muscle weakness, 26% sleep disorders; 24% gait disorders and 23% anxiety and depression. The greater the severity of the acute episode, the greater the probability of long-term neurological symptoms. The objective of this work was to study the prevalence at 6 months in a cohort of mostly mild outpatients. 96 subjects with a mean age of 48 years, 54% women, and 86% mild outpatients were evaluated by means of a telephone interview. Of these, at 6 months, 32% of the population presented neurological or psychiatric symptoms. Anxiety (31%), Fatigue (26%), Mental fog (24%), Insomnia (22%), Depression (21%), Headache (19%) among others. Conclusions: In this work with subjects who suffered from mild COVID, neurological and psychiatric symptoms were still prominent as reported in acute severs one
Differences in nutritional and psychological habits in hypertension patients
No full textMultifactorial factors such as psychological and nutritional habits are controlling factors in hypertension. The aim of the present study was to analyze differences in nutritional and psychological habits in humans with hypertension. Fifty participants with hypertension (HG) (57.5 ± 13.6 years) and 100 participants as control group (CG) with no hypertension disease (48.9 ± 7.9 years) were interviewed via online questionnaire. Multifactorial items in nutrition habits and psychological profile were analyzed by a compendium of questionnaires; psychological measures refer to personality, anxiety, depression, loneliness, perceived stress, and psychological inflexibility; and a nutritional questionnaire to analyze eating habits and nutrition behaviors of the participants. CG showed significantly higher week vitality (p = 0.001), juice weekly consumption (p = 0.011), coffee weekly consumption (p = 0.050), fermented milk weekly consumption (p = 0.004), and fruit weekly consumption (p = 0.022) than HG. Lower values of weekly coffee consumption and week vitality were found in HG. According to the psychological profile, significant differences were found only depression values, finding HG more depressed than CG (p = 0.002). In conclusion, our results showed that people with better nutrition and mental health would present lower levels of blood pressure. Therefore, the combination of psychological therapy and nutritional recommendations for reducing the risk of having hypertension and improving the blood pressure levels may be needed for patient with hypertension
Crushed volcanic rock as soil remineralizer: a strategy to overcome the global fertilizer crisis
No full textTransitioning the productive base to a more sustainable agriculture is one of the great challenges of our time. The current conflicts in Eastern Europe have had a major repercussion on the agricultural commodity market with restricted access and a massive cost increase for some fertilizers used in agriculture. This scenario has led to international concern about food shortages, whereby countries that depend on fertilizer imports need to find mechanisms and new technological paths to reduce their dependence on the international market. The use of crushed rock (soil remineralizers) associated with microorganisms is an important alternative in terms of cost reduction, lower impact on the environment and reduction of external dependence on agricultural inputs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the results of different types of inputs for soil fertilization (crushed rock – remineralizer, organic material and conventional – NPK), the production parameters of quinoa culture (Chenopodium quinoa) and this nutritional content of the crop. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse and the data were subjected to analysis of variance, the Dunnett's test, complex contrasts, and multivariate analyses. The results showed significant increases in grain filling and quinoa yields, in soil fertility, and in the nutrient content of the aerial parts of plants treated with remineralizers. The treatments containing a mixture of remineralizers and organic compost were superior to those without these inputs, suggesting positive interaction among these sources. This approach may help toward adopting new technologies, especially with the current undersupply of soluble fertilizers. The use of local geological sources (crushed rock) has the capacity to reduce the dependence on imported fertilizers, thus helping to increase agri-food sovereignty in countries and adhering to the principles of agroecology at the local and global levels. © 2022, International Association for Mathematical Geosciences
History of the teaching of civil engineering: a vision from the didactic transposition method. Evolution of civil engineering in Colombia
No full textLos contenidos programáticos de carácter científico y tecnológico de las ciencias básicas y disciplinas técnicas en la enseñanza de las ingenierías exigen utilizar estrategias pedagógicas que se ajusten al entendimiento concreto de los estudiantes, por esta razón, el estudio procura examinar la evolución histórica de la transposición didáctica en la enseñanza de la ingeniería civil en Colombia. Se utilizó la metodología cualitativa documental, fundamentada en las declaraciones epistemológicas de los actores del método pedagógico en el escenario ingenieril colombiano. Se concluye a través de la reflexión crítica, que si bien, los centros educativos universitarios del país que ofertan ingeniería civil están distantes de la práctica evolutiva de la transposición didáctica como estrategia de enseñanza, se recomienda su aplicación sistemática para aportar elementos que procuren sumar atributos para los procesos de certificación de calidad de programas de ingenierías que adelanta el sector universitario del país.The programmatic contents of a scientific and technological nature of the basic sciences and technical disciplines in the teaching of engineering require the use of pedagogical strategies that adjust to the concrete understanding of the students, for this reason, the study seeks to examine the historical evolution of the didactic transposition in the teaching of civil engineering in Colombia. The documentary qualitative methodology was used, based on the epistemological statements of the actors of the pedagogical method in the Colombian engineering scenario. It is concluded through critical reflection that although the university educational centers of the country that offer civil engineering are far from the evolutionary practice of didactic transposition as a teaching strategy, its systematic application is recommended to provide elements that seek to add attributes for the quality certification processes of engineering programs carried out by the country's university sector
Cultura organizacional como estrategia dinamizadora del cambio en instituciones de educación superior
No full textEl presente estudio, tuvo como objetivo, aanalizar la cultura organizacional como estrategia dinamizadora del cambio en instituciones de educación superior en Barranquilla. Se sustentó en una investigación descriptiva, correlacional, asimismo se enmarcó en un diseño no experimental de campo. La población estuvo integrada por 44 docentes, asimismo se aplicaron dos (2) encuesta, una de cultura Organizacional (31 ítems) y otra de cambio organizacional (8 ítems), las cuales están integradas con 39 ítems en total, se organizó con preguntas cerradas, formuladas de acuerdo con la escala de likert, con cuatro alternativas que presentaron el grado de opinión de los encuestados con ponderación precodificada de 4 a 1, para facilitar su interpretación estadística. Se le aplico a dicho instrumento la validez de contenido y la confiabilidad con un método estadístico, denominado coeficiente de Crombach. Los resultados indican que la cultura organizacional tal y como se evidencia en la organización educativa es una fuente dinamizadora para asumir el cambio organizacional, destacando como conclusión que hay pertenecer a un contexto tan competido como la academia en Colombia, requiere de mucho esfuerzo y compromiso, lo que les facilita adquirir un mayor estatus social y financiero que posibilite el desarrollo organizacional a nivel de las instituciones de educación superiorThe objective of this study was to finalize organizational culture as a dynamic strategy for
change in higher education institutions in Barranquilla. It was based on a descriptive,
correlational research, it was also framed in a non-experimental field design. The population was
composed of 44 teachers, also two (2) surveys were applied, one of Organizational culture (31
items) and another of organizational change (8 items), which are integrated with 39 items in
total, was organized with closed questions, formulated according to the likert scale, with four
alternatives presented by or n the degree of opinion of respondents with pre-coded weighting of
4 to 1, to facilitate their statistical interpretation. Content validity and reliability were applied to
this instrument with a statistical method, called Crombach's coefficient. The results indicate that
the organizational culture as evidenced in the educational organization is a dynamic source to
assume organizational change, highlighting as conclusions that it is necessary to belong to a
context as competitive as the academy in Colombia, requires a lot of effort and commitment,
which facilitates them to acquire a greater social and financial status that enables organizational
development at the level of higher education institutionsLista de tablas y figuras 8--Introducción 8--Capítulo I 14-- El problema de investigación 14--Planteamiento del problema 14--Formulación del problema 20--Sistematización del problema 21-- Objetivos de la investigación 21-- Objetivo General 21--Objetivos Específicos 21--Delimitación de la investigación 22-- Justificación del problema 22--Capítulo II 24--Marco teórico 24--Antecedentes de la investigación.24--Bases teóricas 28--Cultura organizacional 28-- Creación y conservación de la cultura organizacional 29--El mantenimiento vivo de una cultura 32--Funciones de la cultura organizacional 34-- Elementos de la cultura organizacional 37-- Tipos de cultura organizacional 38--Cambio organizacional 46--Cambio planeado 47--Secuencia del cambio organizacional 49--Fuentes externas e internas que crean la necesidad de cambio en la organización 51--Operacionalización de la variable 54--Capítulo III 57--Aspectos metodológicos 57-- Paradigma de la investigación. 57--Alcance de la investigación 59--Método de investigación 60--Diseño de la investigación 61--Definición de la población y muestra objeto de estudio 62 –Sujeto 62--Fuentes de información 64--Técnicas de investigación 65--Validez del instrumento 65--Confiabilidad del instrumento 66--Técnica de análisis e interpretación de datos 67--Capítulo IV 69--Resultados de investigación 69--Análisis y discusión de resultados 69--Elementos de la cultura organizacional presentes en la Corporación Universitaria Latinoamericana en Barranquilla 70--Estilo de cultura organizacional predominante en la Corporación Universitaria Latinoamericana en Barranquilla 89--Factores impulsores del cambio en la Corporación Universitaria Latinoamericana en Barranquilla 111--Estrategias basadas en la cultura organizacional para el manejo del cambio en la Corporación Universitaria Latinoamericana para dinamizar el cambio 122—Conclusiones 128—Recomendaciones 130—Referencias 131--Magíster en AdministraciónMaestrí
Evaluation proposal of the logistic maturity of micro, small and medium enterprises based on fuzzy logic
No full textIntroducción— El manejo eficiente de la logística empresarial es un factor determinante en la globalización y modernización de las empresas, en especial para aquellas clasificadas como micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (Mipymes). Un primer paso en este sentido evaluar el estado actual de la madurez de los procesos logísticos. Actualmente existen diversos modelos que permiten evaluar la madurez de los procesos, y sin embargo, no están orientados a los procesos logísticos, y su forma de evaluar las dimensiones del modelo, pueden presentar incertidumbres o ambigüedades. Objetivo— Proponer una metodología para evaluar la madurez de los procesos logísticos en Mipymes, mediante un sistema de inferencia difusa que apoye el proceso de toma de decisiones. Metodología— La metodología de investigación es de tipo cuantitativo-explicativo y el método es de carácter empírico-descriptivo, en donde a partir de entrevistas personales realizadas con expertos de diferentes áreas de la logística, se definen las reglas base del Sistema de Inferencia Difusa (FIS) que alimentan el modelo propuesto para evaluar el nivel de madurez de micro y pequeñas empresas en dos dimensiones de la gestión logística. Finalmente se realiza una prueba piloto para evaluar la efectividad y aplicabilidad del modelo. Resultados— Se propone un modelo de madurez empírico para la evaluación de los procesos logísticos en Mipymes. Este incluye un Sistema de Inferencia Difusa (FIS) para la evaluación de las dimensiones del modelo propuesto, basado en el criterio de tomadores de decisiones expertos. El modelo cuanta con una matriz para clasificar el desempeño logístico de la empresa según el resultado obtenido por el FIS. Para evaluar el desempeño del modelo se realiza una prueba piloto realizado a un grupo de tres Mipymes manufactureras. Conclusiones— El modelo de madurez soportado en la lógica difusa permitió soportar la incertidumbre y la ambigüedad dada por la calificación de la madurez de los procesos de la empresa. El sistema de inferencia difusa toma la ambigüedad, y con ayuda de las reglas del sistema de inferencia planteadas, brinda una evaluación objetiva y ágil de las dimensiones propuestas por el modelo de madurez. Finalmente, la metodología desarrollada permite llevar la experiencia de expertos al alcance de Mipymes.Introduction— The efficient management of business logistics is a determining factor in the globalization and modernization of companies, especially for those classified as micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). A first step in this regard to assess the current state of maturity of logistics processes. Currently there are various models that allow evaluating the maturity of the processes, however, they are not oriented to logistics processes, and their way of evaluating the dimensions of the model may be to present uncertainties or ambiguities. Objective— To propose a methodology to evaluate the maturity of logistics processes in MSMEs, through a fuzzy inference system that supports the decision-making process. Methodology— The research methodology is quantitativeexplanatory and the method is empirical-descriptive, where, based on personal interviews with experts from different areas of logistics, the basic rules of the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) are defined that feed the proposed model to evaluate the level of maturity of micro and small companies in two dimensions of logistics management. Finally, a pilot test is carried out to evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of the model. Results— An empirical maturity model is proposed for the evaluation of the logistics processes of MSMEs. This model includes a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) for evaluating the dimensions of the proposed model, based on the criteria of expert decision makers. The model has a matrix to classify the logistics performance of the company according to the result obtained by the FIS. To evaluate the performance of the model, a pilot test was carried out on a group of three manufacturing MSMEs. Conclusions— The maturity model supported by the fuzzy logic allowed to support the uncertainty and ambiguity given by the qualification of the maturity of the company’s processes. The fuzzy inference system took the ambiguity, and with the help of the rules of the inference system raised, it offered an objective and agile evaluation of the dimensions proposed by the maturity model. Finally, the methodology developed allows to bring the experience of experts to the reach of MSMEs
Contributions of didactic mediation to enhance skills: undergraduate student training
No full textHigher education training offered by universities around the world should be supported by highquality didactic mediation for new professionals to transform the global environment. Therefore, this work presents a statistical analysis of the training process received by students from a university in a Colombian city. The research utilizes of didactic mediation, which plays a fundamental role. Do this, in the theoretical and conceptual section of this paper, a documentary comprehension technique called a survey. As a unit of analysis, according to the result of the population where this study has applied, optimal sample size conform of a sample of 400 randomly chosen students. It evidenced that many of the students had not taken the time to ask themselves what their abilities are, much less identify the spaces assigned to them by the University. This allows us to make evident an imbalance between the theory vs reality. Concluding that, with didactic mediation, it is possible to propose a broad development of the dimensions that each student has, both linguistic and mathematical. Additionally, it concluded that the knowledge that students can acquire in the institutions is focusing on spatial intelligence, mathematics, logic, kinesthetic, and music. But, with the deepening of the didactic mediation, the new professionals will be able, to build better knowledge, and apply modern, more creative strategies, which serve to propose solutions that are viable and contribute to improving societ
Assessing the causality relationship and time series model for electricity consumption per capita and human development in Colombia
No full textIncreasing access to electricity is essential to improve human development in poor and developing countries. To this end, the relationship between electricity consumption and human development is critical to supporting the process of decision-making. However, the discussion on this topic is limited. In Colombia, developing adequate policies requires characterizing the impact of electricity consumption on human development. This study uses time series and the Human Development Index data and per capita electricity consumption between 1990 and 2018 to assess their relationship. Furthermore, the government projections for electricity consumption and population growth are used to forecast the Human Development Index up to 2030. To this end, the econometric and correlation approach is applied. The Lagrangian multiplier unit root was used to verify if variables are stationary, while cointegration tests were used to define if non-stationary variables are cointegrated. Moreover, the Granger causality test was used to assess the causal relationships between the variables, and the ARIMA model was applied for the correlation analysis. Results show a bidirectional relationship between the Human Development Index and the per capita electricity consumption. Moreover, the government’s projection of per capita electricity consumption is forecasted to have little impact on the Human Development Index up to 2030. Therefore, developing adequate policies to improve access to electricity while contributing to human development is essential. Particularly for low-income citizens and rural areas, especially in non-interconnected, vulnerable, and geographically marginalized communities. However, further discussion is needed to characterize energy inequality through income classes, departments, and economic sectors, which is one challenge for the government to meet sustainable development goal
Uso de los resultados de la evaluación del aprendizaje un compromiso con la calidad en educación superior
No full textPara alcanzar una aproximación al concepto de calidad en educación superior, se debe atender a las circunstancias locales y nacionales, los contextos y tener una perspectiva de futuro. Lo anterior, para aportar un concepto de calidad, entendido como el conjunto de condiciones Institucionales que propenden por el aseguramiento del aprendizaje de los estudiantes y crea las condiciones para formar profesionales pertinentes, capaces de contribuir al desarrollo sostenible de su entorno, articulando para ello, la docencia, la investigación y la extensió
New trends in the biocatalytic production of nucleosidic active pharmaceutical ingredients using 2′-deoxyribosyltransferases
Get PDFNowadays, pharmaceutical industry demands competitive and eco-friendly processes for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) manufacturing. In this context, enzyme and whole-cell mediated processes offer an efficient, sustainable and cost-effective alternative to the traditional multi-step and environmentally-harmful chemical processes. Particularly, 2′-deoxyribosyltransferases (NDTs) have emerged as a novel synthetic alternative, not only to chemical but also to other enzyme-mediated synthetic processes. This review describes recent findings in the development and scaling up of NDTs as industrial biocatalysts, including the most relevant and recent examples of single enzymatic steps, multienzyme cascades, chemo-enzymatic approaches, and engineered biocatalysts. Finally, to reflect the inventive and innovative steps of NDT-mediated bioprocesses, a detailed analysis of recently granted patents, with specific focus on industrial synthesis of nucleoside-based APIs, is hereunder presented.Del Arco, JonAcosta, JavierFernández-Lucas, Jesú