Journals of Rzeszow University - Open Journal System
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Archaeology, a Never-Ending Story... In Memoriam Gheorghe Lazarovici (13 September 1941 – 3 February 2025)
No full textŚwięte, Site 11: Monumental (?) FBC Cemetery in the Subcarpathian Loess Region
No full textThe article presents an analysis of the Funnel Beaker Culture cemetery at Święte, site 11 (Subcarpathian Loess Region, southeastern Poland), identified during rescue excavations carried out prior the construction of the A4 highway. A total of 49 graves were recorded and excavated, forming a well-organized burial ground with poorly preserved human remains and modest grave goods. Although no direct traces of monumental long-barrow constructions were recorded during excavation, GIS-based spatial analyses and the placement of Corded Ware Culture graves along the margins suggest that such structures may once have existed within the FBC cemetery but did not survive. The cemetery should therefore be cautiously interpreted not as a flat burial ground, but as a more complex, potentially monumental sepulchral space.The article presents an analysis of the Funnel Beaker Culture cemetery at Święte, site 11 (Subcarpathian Loess Region, southeastern Poland), identified during rescue excavations carried out prior the construction of the A4 highway. A total of 49 graves were recorded and excavated, forming a well-organized burial ground with poorly preserved human remains and modest grave goods. Although no direct traces of monumental long-barrow constructions were recorded during excavation, GIS-based spatial analyses and the placement of Corded Ware Culture graves along the margins suggest that such structures may once have existed within the FBC cemetery but did not survive. The cemetery should therefore be cautiously interpreted not as a flat burial ground, but as a more complex, potentially monumental sepulchral space
A Complex of Prehistoric Fortifications in the Moldavian Subcarpathians (Eastern Romania). Contributions to the Understanding of the Middle Bronze Age
No full textThis paper discusses three recently discovered fortified sites located in the Subcarpathian area of eastern Romania, investigated through LiDAR scanning and intrusive archaeological research. Chronologically, the fortifications analysed in this study date to the Middle Bronze Age and are attributed to the Costișa culture. The sites are situated in close proximity to one another and may have formed part of a wider defensive system marking the territorial limits of this cultural environment. At the same time, they appear to have held strategic local importance by controlling access routes to areas rich in salt resources. Excavations conducted at one of the sites provided absolute chronological data ranging between 2143–1531 cal BC, correlating well with previously obtained radiocarbon dates for the Costișa culture.This paper discusses three recently discovered fortified sites located in the Subcarpathian area of eastern Romania, investigated through LiDAR scanning and intrusive archaeological research. Chronologically, the fortifications analysed in this study date to the Middle Bronze Age and are attributed to the Costișa culture. The sites are situated in close proximity to one another and may have formed part of a wider defensive system marking the territorial limits of this cultural environment. At the same time, they appear to have held strategic local importance by controlling access routes to areas rich in salt resources. Excavations conducted at one of the sites provided absolute chronological data ranging between 2143–1531 cal BC, correlating well with previously obtained radiocarbon dates for the Costișa culture
(review) A. Ghalichi, S. Reinhold, A. B. Rohrlach, A. A. Kalmykov, A. Childebayeva, H. Yu, F. Aron, L. Semerau, K. Bastert-Lamprichs, A. B. Belinskiy, N. Y. Berezina, Y. B. Berezin, N. Broomandkhoshbacht, A. P. Buzhilova, V. R. Erlikh, L. Fehren-Schmitz, I. Gambashidze, A. R. Kantorovich, K. B. Kolesnichenko, D. Lordkipanidze, R. G. Magomedov, K. Malek-Custodis, D. Mariaschk, V. E. Maslov, L. Mkrtchyan, A. Nagler, H. F. Nashli, M. Ochir, Y. Y. Piotrovskiy, M. Saribekyan, A. G. Sheremetev, T. Stöllner, J. Thomalsky, B. Vardanyan, C. Posth, J. Krause, C. Warinner, S. Hansen, W. Haak. 2024. The rise and transformation of Bronze Age pastoralists in the Caucasus. Nature 635, 917–925.
No full textAssessment of the Archaeological Potential of Prehistoric Settlement Areas along the Lake Shores and Wetlands of Carinthia, Southern Austria: Assessment of the Archaeological Potential of Prehistoric Settlement Areas along the Lake Shores and Wetlands of Carinthia, Southern Austria
No full textThe lake district of Carinthia’s Klagenfurt Basin in southern Austria offers remarkable potential for advancing interdisciplinary research on prehistoric settlement landscapes. Although Austria’s first pile-dwelling site was discovered in 1864 at Lake Keutschacher See today part of the UNESCO World Heritage property “Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps” – systematic archaeological surveys of Carinthia’s more than 1,000 lakes and wetlands have remained scarce. This paper presents a pilot project addressing this long-standing research gap by developing a new anchor point for the identification, documentation, and evaluation of submerged lakeside archaeological heritage and their general archaeological setting. Combining archival and literature studies with underwater field surveys, sediment coring, and laboratory analyses, the project provides an updated inventory of archaeological structures belonging to the chronological frame of the 5th to 3rd millennia BC. Activities conducted between 2021 and 2024 in collaboration with local museums, municipalities, students, and volunteers have provided new insights into settlement dynamics, technological innovation, and human–environment interactions during the Neolithic and Copper Age. The Kapuzinerinsel pile-dwelling site in Lake Wörthersee serves as an example of a new discovery demonstrating how targeted potential assessments can bridge persistent gaps in Austria’s archaeological record and contribute to improved local heritage protection as well as reinforce connections to neighbouring regions. Beyond generating new data, the study underscores the broader significance of the Alpe-Adria lakescapes as an important inner-Alpine corridor linking the Italian Peninsula, Southeastern Europe (the Balkans), and the northwestern circum-Alpine lake-dwelling regions. By integrating cultural and natural data, this research promotes sustainable and interdisciplinary approaches that position southern Austria within the wider European archaeological discourse and establish a foundation for future research and management strategies. The project additionally provides new absolute radiocarbon dates that contribute to a better understanding of Carinthia’s prehistory.The lake district of Carinthia’s Klagenfurt Basin in southern Austria offers remarkable potential for advancing interdisciplinary research on prehistoric settlement landscapes. Although Austria’s first pile-dwelling site was discovered in 1864 at Lake Keutschacher See today part of the UNESCO World Heritage property “Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps” – systematic archaeological surveys of Carinthia’s more than 1,000 lakes and wetlands have remained scarce. This paper presents a pilot project addressing this long-standing research gap by developing a new anchor point for the identification, documentation, and evaluation of submerged lakeside archaeological heritage and their general archaeological setting. Combining archival and literature studies with underwater field surveys, sediment coring, and laboratory analyses, the project provides an updated inventory of archaeological structures belonging to the chronological frame of the 5th to 3rd millennia BC. Activities conducted between 2021 and 2024 in collaboration with local museums, municipalities, students, and volunteers have provided new insights into settlement dynamics, technological innovation, and human–environment interactions during the Neolithic and Copper Age. The Kapuzinerinsel pile-dwelling site in Lake Wörthersee serves as an example of a new discovery demonstrating how targeted potential assessments can bridge persistent gaps in Austria’s archaeological record and contribute to improved local heritage protection as well as reinforce connections to neighbouring regions. Beyond generating new data, the study underscores the broader significance of the Alpe-Adria lakescapes as an important inner-Alpine corridor linking the Italian Peninsula, Southeastern Europe (the Balkans), and the northwestern circum-Alpine lake-dwelling regions. By integrating cultural and natural data, this research promotes sustainable and interdisciplinary approaches that position southern Austria within the wider European archaeological discourse and establish a foundation for future research and management strategies. The project additionally provides new absolute radiocarbon dates that contribute to a better understanding of Carinthia’s prehistory
Ocular and systemic adverse effects of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ‒ a narrative review with quantitative synthesis
No full textIntroduction and aim. The impacts of topical ophthalmic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been studied, with instances of an unprecedented quantitative assessment of adverse drug reaction prevalence among several NSAID classes. This study aimed to systematically observe and synthesize the relevant information on the pharmacodynamic mechanism of adverse drug reactions (ADR) corresponding to topical NSAID administration.
Material and methods. A preliminary search on PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases yielded 83 articles.
Analysis of literature. Conditions such as corneal perforation, ulceration, infiltration, keratitis, melt, corneal issues involving epithelial defects, tissue loss, stromal thinning, and delayed wound healing accentuate a comprehensive range of consequences on corneal integrity and physiology. The topical NSAID group also conveys more diversified systemic adverse reactions involving dilated ventricle, tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary insufficiency, closure of the ductus arteriosus, and prenatal ductal constriction, which constitute a concern for their impact on cardiac activity and developing embryos.
Conclusion. Burning sensation is reported to be the most commonly reported frequency after photophobia. Notably, preferential COX-2 inhibitors had a significantly greater prevalence of ADRs than both nonselective COX inhibitors (mean difference=1.05, p=0.023) and selective COX-2 inhibitors. Longitudinal studies with frequent follow-ups are essential to fully characterize the incidence, severity, and long-term effects of adverse consequences
Multidisciplinary Research on the Sabatinìvka 1 Site: History and State of Art
No full textThe article examines the history and results of research at the site of Sabatinìvka 1, which comprises two cultural layers: the Cucuteni-Trypillia complex and the Late Bronze Age layer. The site has been investigated through a long-term, multidisciplinary collaboration involving radiocarbon AMS dating, as well as paleopedological analyses. Archival materials from the Odesa Archaeological Museum and the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine have been revisited and systematized. The paper summarizes the results of excavations conducted in 1938–1939, 1947–1949, and 2011–2018, which revealed architectural remains and buried features associated with both cultural layers. In addition, new AMS dates are presented, refining the chronology of the Cucuteni-Trypillia and Late Bronze Age occupations at the site.The article examines the history and results of research at the site of Sabatinìvka 1, which comprises two cultural layers: the Cucuteni-Trypillia complex and the Late Bronze Age layer. The site has been investigated through a long-term, multidisciplinary collaboration involving radiocarbon AMS dating, as well as paleopedological analyses. Archival materials from the Odesa Archaeological Museum and the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine have been revisited and systematized. The paper summarizes the results of excavations conducted in 1938–1939, 1947–1949, and 2011–2018, which revealed architectural remains and buried features associated with both cultural layers. In addition, new AMS dates are presented, refining the chronology of the Cucuteni-Trypillia and Late Bronze Age occupations at the site
Association of the DeRitis ratio with insulin resistance in non-obese adults ‒ a cross-sectional study from South India
Full text linkIntroduction and aim. Beyond overt obesity, insulin resistance (IR) is increasingly recognized in non-obese individuals, particularly South Asians. Liver enzymes, especially aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and their ratio (DeRitis) have emerged as potential surrogate markers of metabolic dysfunction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the DeRitis ratio as a surrogate marker of IR specifically in non-obese South Indian adults, addressing an important evidence gap. With this background, the aim was to estimate the IR prevalence in non-obese adults by homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and to assess the correlation and diagnostic performance of the DeRitis ratio.
Material and methods. This cross-sectional study included 100 non-obese adults (body mass index (BMI) <25kg/m²) selected using a convenience sampling technique attending a tertiary care hospital in Pondicherry, India. Data collected by structured proforma and biochemical assays of fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and liver enzymes. HOMA-IR ≥2.5 as confirmed IR. The correlation and diagnostic accuracy of the DeRitis ratio for predicting IR was analyzed using SPSS software (V_25.0); p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results. IR (HOMA-IR 2.5) was present in 13% of participants. Overweight individuals showed significantly higher fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR values compared to adults with normal BMI. The DeRitis ratio was positively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.516, p<0.001). Using the cut-off AST/ALT >1.0, the ratio demonstrated good discriminatory ability for IR (AUC=0.778), with 82.5% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity.
Conclusion. The DeRitis ratio shows moderate discrimination for IR and may aid in screening where insulin assays are limited. Validation in larger, multicenter cohorts is warranted
Opinions of Polish Roman Catholic Clergy on Archaeological Research Conducted on Church Premises: A Pilot Study
No full textThe aim of the article is to present and discuss the opinions of Polish Roman Catholic clergy on archaeological research carried out in areas under the church’s management. The article provides the research context of the said archaeological research within the framework of public archaeology. The study used the method of individual in-depth interviews (IDIs) conducted between February 20 and May 29, 2024 in selected Roman Catholic parishes and rectories in Poland. The interviews (IDIs) were conducted with parish priests and rectors of parishes and churches where archaeological research had previously taken place. Six categories were considered in the study: opinions of the clergy, opinions of the congregation as perceived by the clergy, reasons for conducting archaeological research, preservation of monuments, recommendations of the clergy to archaeologists, and future cooperation with archaeologists. The research was interdisciplinary, involving scientists from the humanities and social sciences. The results of the study led to the emergence of different research perspectives.The aim of the article is to present and discuss the opinions of Polish Roman Catholic clergy on archaeological research carried out in areas under the church’s management. The article provides the research context of the said archaeological research within the framework of public archaeology. The study used the method of individual in-depth interviews (IDIs) conducted between February 20 and May 29, 2024 in selected Roman Catholic parishes and rectories in Poland. The interviews (IDIs) were conducted with parish priests and rectors of parishes and churches where archaeological research had previously taken place. Six categories were considered in the study: opinions of the clergy, opinions of the congregation as perceived by the clergy, reasons for conducting archaeological research, preservation of monuments, recommendations of the clergy to archaeologists, and future cooperation with archaeologists. The research was interdisciplinary, involving scientists from thehumanities and social sciences. The results of the study led to the emergence of different research perspectives
A Trip to the 2025 International Conference on the Anthropology of Salt
No full textThis article is an account of the travels of one participant in the 2025 International Conference on the Anthropology of Salt. Visits to the salt mine at Hallstatt, Austria, the conference in Rzeszow, and the salt mine heritage site at Wieliczka are discussed, with attention given to a comparison of the two mines and their presentation.This article is an account of the travels of one participant in the 2025 International Conference on the Anthropology of Salt. Visits to the salt mine at Hallstatt, Austria, the conference in Rzeszow, and the salt mine heritage site at Wieliczka are discussed, with attention given to a comparison of the two mines and their presentation