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VALIDATION AND ASSESSMENT OF STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SALBUTAMOL SULFATE IN INHALATIONAL SOLUTION
Full text linkRP-HPLC SIAM was developed and validated for the assessment of salbutamol sulfate in inhalational solution on an adopted compendial method. The method was tested for its feasibility and specificity to separate the principal component, related substances and impurities from the prepared in-house formulation undergoing stability studies. The studies elaborate feasibility testing of adopted method optimization of forced degradation studies toachieve 10-30% degradation of API as such and in formulation. The API and formulation were exposed to stressful condition for 7 days and they were analyzed using a waters symmetry C (150mm X 3.9mm, 5μm) column at 25°C on a flow rate of 1.0mL/min for over 50 minutes. The mobile phase was prepared by mixing 220 mL acetonitrile and 780 mL phosphate buffer (pH 3.65). Detection wavelength used was 220nm. The optimized method was validated as per the ICH guidelines(Q2A)
FUTURE OF ENVIRONMENT WITH CARBON ALLOTROPES
Full text linkCarbon and its allotropes have been regarded as a fantastic invention that solved several chemical, biological and physical problems. Carbon nanomaterial fabrication and applications have emerged as a highly intriguing and rapidly evolving field of study in the last few decades. In the present review, the carbon materials found have been presented thoroughly according to their crystal structures, taking into account the type of hybridization. Carbon and its bonding properties, along with special applications of the carbon allotropes, have been discussed so far including various future scopes of the carbon allotropes in an array of suggested strategies to inhibit metal corrosion, in storage of energy with cutting-edge synopsis and emphasis on sodium and lithium ion batteries, elimination of organic pollutants from wastewater through catalysis. Furthermore, their usage as core materials in new generation optoelectronic gadgets and biomedical cell scaffolds, gene therapy, newly discovered allotropes like graphdiyne and its applications as promising for energy resources due to its exceptional physicochemical characteristics, which include non-uniform electron distribution, uniform pore distribution, great electron mobility, and elevated chemical stability, etc. are discussed. In summary, the environment\u27s future would be much more sustainable using carbon allotropes and their derivatives effectively. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to offer a suitable path for empowering advancements in ongoing research that will strengthen applications in the future and help this field overcome its current constraints
APPLICATIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Full text link‘Sustainability’ has become a prime focus of every organization and Institute after the declaration of the UNSDG goals in 2016. However, the Pharmaceutical sector has yet to contribute a lot towards the sustenance of these goals at Industrial level and is far from ideal scenario to meet the UNSDG expectations. It becomes obligatory for the pharma Industry to practice sustainability as they are quite resource-intensive. With reports claiming the Pharmaceutical sector to be contributing 13% greater than the automotive sector to the pollution, and meagre measures taken by the companies and to control the greenhouse emissions, it becomes crucial to establish regulations for the same. As Health-care promoters, it becomes our prime responsibility to adapt sustainable practices while catering the business and not adversely affecting the health and well-being of the people. This document discusses the challenges, opportunities and perspectives where the pharmaceutical industry can contribute. With extreme rise and deterioration of the climate and environment, the need to adapt sustainability and embedding it into Pharma’s genome has become inevitable so as to cater to the need of the present and the future too
EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF CHONEMORPHA MACROPHYLLA ROOTS
Full text linkEthanol extracts of C. macrophylla roots were prepared using 50% and 95% ethanol and were named as CMRH and CMRE respectively. Preliminary phytochemical studies were performed and identified the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids. Antioxidant studies of both the extracts were performed using ABTS scavenging assay, DPPH scavenging assay, nitric oxide scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation assay methods. The IC50 values of CMRH, CMRE and rutin in ABTS assay were 5.63±0.74, 2.30±0.20 and 3.03±0.06 μg/ml respectively. In the DPPH assay, the IC50 values were 71±0.58, 72.33±2.89 and 32.08±0.88 μg/ml respectively. IC50 values obtained in nitric oxide scavenging assay were around 1 mg/ml for both the samples. The IC50 values obtained in LPO assay were 210±10.0 μg/ml and 230±2.0 μg/ml for CMRE and BHA respectively. The IC50 value obtained in LPO assay for CMRH was above 1 mg/ml. All of the above results indicate the antioxidant potential of both the extracts and it can possibly due to the polyphenols and flavonoid antioxidants present in the plant
DISCOVERY OF INHA INHIBITORS AS ANTI-TB AGENTS: DESIGN, MOLECULAR DOCKING AND ADMET PREDICTION
Full text linkAs one of the top 10 causes of death, tuberculosis (TB) is a very fatal infectious illness that affects millions of people worldwide. TB still poses a serious threat to world health, particularly in areas with little resources, despite considerable advancements in detection and treatment. Numerous challenges face the current pharmacological therapy for TB, impeding successful outcomes. The emergence of antibiotic resistance within the bacterial population is one of the most urgent problems. This resistance is especially concerning when it progresses to extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), which render conventional treatments ineffective or completely ineffective. Drug-resistant TB has a wide range of effects, including extended treatment regimens, higher medical costs, and occasionally unfavorable patient outcomes. Additionally, the currently accessible medications may come with significant. In the course of our research, computational techniques like molecular docking and ADMET predictions were used to find novel and powerful InhA inhibitors as anti-TB medicines. Using Autodock version 1.5.7, the designed compounds were docked on the InhA enzyme. Additionally, ADMET predictions were made using the OSIRS Property Explorer. It was determined that compounds 2, 4, and 6 may be used as effective and bioactive anti-TB medicines based on the results of molecular docking and ADMET predictions. These compounds will be produced, and their biological activity will be evaluated. The results of this research identified compounds 2, 4, and 6 as good candidates for more study, suggesting a potential advancement in the fight against tuberculosis
3D BIOPRINTING - RECENT ADVANCES IN TISSUE REGENERATION
Full text linkThe scarcity of organs for transplantation has been a significant problem for the healthcare sector for years. Despite technical advances, too many patients are still waiting for organ transplants compared to the number of qualified donors. Numerous lives are lost; as a result, every year worldwide. Successful organ transplantation is further restricted because of the expense of the procedure and the possibility of immunological rejection. Fortunately, 3D bioprinting technology has become a viable answer to this urgent need. 3D bioprinting technology can completely transform healthcare systems by making it possible to produce tissues and organs unique to each patient. These technologies make it feasible to construct complex, useful biological structures, opening the door to the production of tissues and organs that closely resemble the anatomy and physiology of the human body. With anemphasis on tissue engineering and synthetic organ printing, we examine the most recent advancements in 3D bioprinting technology and their applications in healthcare systems in this review paper. This review summarises the work of many scientists who have made significant contributions to the field of 3D Bioprinting, examining their methods fordesigning and printing intricate biological structures, the biomaterials they use, and the strategies they use to improve cell viability and functionality
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ASPIRIN AND 5-FLUOROURACIL IN BULK AND DOSAGE FORM
Full text linkA simple, sensitive, selective, economical and reproducible Simultaneous estimation method by UV-Visible spectrophotometry method has been developed for the determination of Aspirin (ASP) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in bulk form. The methods are based on measurement of absorbance of ASP and 5-FU in 0.1N HCl at 234 nm and 266 nm respectively. Beer’s law is obeyed over the linear range 12 – 32 μg/mL and 3.33 – 8.89 μg/mL for ASP and 5-FU respectively. The r2 was 0.9971 and 0.9944 for ASP at 234 nm and 266 nm respectively. While 0.9988 and 0.9975 was found for 5-FU at 266 nm and 234 nm. Limits of Detection (LOD) were 0.16 μg/mL and 0.04 μg/mL for ASP and 5-FU respectively. Limit of Quantification (LOQ) were 0.48 μg/mL for ASP and 0.13 μg/mL for 5-FU. The method was validated in accordance with the current ICH guidelines. The precision results, expressed by intra-day and inter-day for ASP and 5-FU at 234 nm and 266 nm were within the limits (% RSD < 2 %). The accuracy was also satisfactory and % recovery was 98.00 – 102.38 % for ASP and 98.41 – 100.81 % for 5-FU. The assay of dosage form was 99.57 % and 98.97 % for ASP and 5-FU respectively
Plumeria rubra f. rubra: A Natural Chelating Ligand for Cu2+ ion
Full text link Numerous parts of natural plants, especially flowers, can be used as pH sensors. Anthocyanins, which are found in numerous plants and are pH-sensitive, can be employed to measure the amounts of acids and bases. Flowers from Plumeria rubra come in a range of vibrant colours. One of these, the pinkish-red Plumeria rubra f. rubra flower, has been studied for its capability of detecting Cu2+ ions and their complex coordination entities. It has been observed that the cupric ions in the methanolic extract of Plumeria rubra f. rubra petals create an observable, acute, and distinct wavelength shift in the UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The effects of several counterions, such as sulphate, chloride, nitrate, and acetate, are also studied using the same cupric ion under equivalent experimental conditions. This observation suggests that Plumeria rubra f. rubra petals may contain compounds that can interact with cupric ions, potentially leading to the development of new analytical methods for detecting these compounds. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanism behind this interaction and its potential applications
IN SILICO SCREENING OF EFAVIRENZ AND EFAVIRENZ NICOTINAMIDE COCRYSTAL FOR ITS ACTIVITY AGAINST HIV AND SARS COV-2
Full text linkRecently many antiviral agents are under screening for the management of COVID-19 caused by SARS CoV-2. The in silico screening provides the insights of drug – receptor binding and efficacy of molecule to treat the diseases. In this work, the efficacy of an antiviral agent efavirenz and efavirenz nicotinamide cocrystal (ENCOC) against the SARS CoV-2 was determined using in silico techniques using AutoDock PyRx. Interestingly EFV shows the binding affinity with both HIV and SARS CoV-2 whereas newly synthesized ENCOC have prominent binding affinity with HIV and leading protease inhibitor of SARS CoV-2. The screening results confirms the activity of EFV and ENCOC against HIV-1 and SARS CoV-2 and warrants in vivo study for estimation of activity against SARS CoV-
REGULATORY DOSSIER SUBMISSION AND REVIEW PROCESS IN EUROPE
Full text linkThis article discuses the process of marketing authorization application and its regulated evaluation at agency\u27s end in the region of Europe. The cluster of 28 European Union (EU) member states, 3 European Economic Area (EEA) and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) states make European Union. As European nation consists of larger population, the government is alert regarding safety of the public health in EU. In the Europe, authorization of product is mandatory before they can be placed on the market in order to protect public health and ensure the availability of high quality, effective and safe medicines for European citizens. European drug authorization system offers different routes for such marketing authorization and same is discussed in this article