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The Strange visual Machines of Angela Carter: Writing Magical Images from Fireworks to American Ghosts and Old World Wonders
No full textPart II: Angela Carter’s ‘Translational Poetics’. Chapter 8.International audienceNot only had Angela Carter a wonderful mastery of words and their refined use but she was also deeply engaged with the visual as her work testifies to. Indeed Carter ‘s œuvre is imbued with practically constant references to the visual arts she « translates » meaning she carefully writes them into her own linguistic work via the use of words as bridges.. Her novels and short stories are replete with references to films, paintings, Japanese scrolls, sculpture, architecture, but also visual contraptions such as all kinds of mirrors (the lorrain glass, looking-glasses but also blue rooms mirrosr) , precious boxes, a Prague cabinet of curiosity full of weird objects. These objects duly have a symbolic, indexical or mimetic functions in the narratives. But in the case of Carter beyond giving cohesion to her ghost-like world, the intermedial aura also builds up a kind of superimposed hazy visual world hovering over the narrated world of her fiction itself deeply imbued with references to magic worlds and fairy tales. Thus before the terms were properly coined by fast developing intermedial studies Carter resorted to « remediation » (Bolter and Grusin) or « media reference » (Rajewski) to implement the wonderful phatasmgoria of visions she transmitted to her readers
Flame morphology boundaries and fundamental combustion properties in unobstructed channels
No full textWe investigated the effect of fundamental combustion properties (FCP) on the 3D morphology and dynamics of flames and shocks during acceleration and transition to detonation in unobstructed channels. To achieve this, an extensive experimental campaign was conducted using a two-directional schlieren setup. The effect of selected FCP was assessed by evaluating nine different mixtures of hydrogen, methane, and hydrogen/methane blends, using oxygen with and without dilution by nitrogen, helium, or argon. The experimental results revealed two characteristic flame evolution behaviors during flame acceleration (FA), depending on the mixtures: i) a symmetric flame inversion (tulip flame) during the early stages of FA, followed by a short, symmetric flame in the later stages, with the formation of a precursor wave located relatively far from the flame, and ii) an asymmetric, wrinkled flame during the early stages, which develops into a large flame with the tip inclined toward a corner of the channel, accompanied by the formation of multiple precursor waves ahead of the flame in the later stages of FA. For a more robust statistical analysis, a morphology database was compiled from literature sources reporting similar flame morphologies to those observed in our experiments. This database was analyzed using the Feature Elimination Technique in conjunction with the Logistic Regression Model, which enabled the identification of FCP boundaries between the observed flame morphologies. The analysis showed that the pairs of properties most influencing flame morphology are the expansion ratio and the ratio of the laminar flame speed to the sound speed in the combustion products, i.e., (σ, σs L /c b ), as well as the latter ratio with the heat capacity ratio, i.e., (σs L /c b , γ). Additionally, this methodology helped to identify experimental conditions where little or no data is available in the literature, such as for mixtures with Lewis numbers smaller than unity, which are expected to be affected by thermodiffusive instabilities. These boundaries can, therefore, serve as guidelines for selecting experimental conditions that develop specific flame and shock morphologies and dynamics
Embrittlement after high-temperature exposure to air of a near-γ TiAl alloy
No full textInternational audienc
Hydrodynamic effects of ship passage in confined channels: A multi-parameter study
No full textInternational audienceThis study investigates the impact of inland navigation on inland. Two methods were used: experimental campaigns in the towing tank of the Pprime Institute and numerical simulations with the CFD software StarCCM+. These approaches allowed detailed analysis of the hydrodynamic effects caused by ship passage in confined channels. The experiments reproduced various navigation scenarios using adjustable banks. Flow velocities and surface elevations were measured with Stereo-PIV and stereo-refraction techniques. A numerical model was also developed using the SST k–ω turbulence model and mesh refinement near the free surface. It was validated against the experimental data. Four key parameters were studied: ship speed, initial water depth, channel width, and bank slope. Each had a strong influence on flow characteristics. Extreme conditions (high speed, shallow depth, narrow channels, and sloped banks) produced amplified effects. These included deeper surface depressions, stronger return currents, larger waves, more turbulent wakes, and sharper velocity gradients, especially near banks. This study highlights the need to control navigation conditions to protect riverbanks
A close-up at the paleoecology of the most western gelada relatives: Insights from dental microwear texture analysis
No full textInternational audienceExploring the paleoecology of extinct species of the genus Theropithecus, which was widespread and diversified in Africa during the Pliocene and the Pleistocene, is crucial to have a full picture of the evolutionary history of this taxon. It also gives insights into the fundamental ecological range of the genus, now restricted to the Ethiopian highlands in a reduced set of habitats. This study aims to investigate the diet of Theropithecus atlanticus (n = 8) from the Plio-Pleistocene site of Ahl al Oughlam (Morocco) through dental microwear texture analysis. We used a recently developed software, 'trident', that quantifies the heterogeneity of texture parameters through subsampled wear surfaces to improve dietary discriminations. We considered a comparative dataset of extant primates (n = 104) with different diets, including the leaf-eater Colobus guereza, the grass-eater Theropithecus gelada, and the generalists Papio hamadryas and Chlorocebus aethiops. In addition, we compared with specimens of theropiths (n = 80) from the eastern African Shungura Formation (Lower Omo Valley, Ethiopia) that are nearly contemporaneous to T. atlanticus. Our results indicate that T. atlanticus was mostly feeding on grasses, as its extant relative. Some similarities with opportunistic species suggest it might have consumed a substantial amount of challenging foods. This dental microwear texture is in line with open, arid and harsh environments, and the presence and abundance of C3 grasses at Ahl al Oughlam detected by enamel stable isotopes analysis on various mammals including theropiths. This contrasts with the environment described on nearly contemporaneous specimens from the Lower Omo Valley where grasses were abundant but composed of C4 ones
Louis de Mas Latrie, historien de Chypre et de la Grèce franques: Actes du colloque organisé à Nicosie, Université de Chypre, 30-31 octobre 2024
No full textInternational audienceThis volume brings together the contributions presented at the colloquium in Nicosia dedicated to the founder of Cypriot medieval studies, Louis de Mas Latrie.Cet ouvrage réunit les contributions données à l'occasion du colloque de Nicosie consacré au fondateur de la médiévistique chypriote, Louis de Mas Latrie
La théorie de l’esprit chez les enfants autistes chinois : un développement différé et atypique
No full textInternational audienceTheory of Mind (ToM) development in autistic children is widely considered both delayed and deviant. However, such findings may be affected by methodological limitations related to high linguistic and executive burdens and the choice of scoring approaches. The present study employed an improved Low-Verbal ToM Scale With ExtEnded Trials (LV-ToM-SWEET) to assess ToM abilities in 46 Mandarin-speaking Chinese autistic children aged 4.0–12.3 years (Mean age = 7.3 yrs, SD = 1.8 yrs, 41 boys). Using the improved Exclude Coding Scheme (Sobel & Austerweil, 2016) in the Rasch analyses, we identified the following developmental sequence of ToM abilities: Diverse Desires (DD) < Diverse Beliefs (DB) < Content False Belief (CFB) < Knowledge Access (KA) < Explicit False Belief (EFB) < Hidden Emotion (HE). Results indicated that ToM development in autistic children was overall delayed, and with deviations in the later steps of ToM progression. These deviations, differing from those reported in previous autism studies, may reflect the impact of improved measurement approaches. Overall, the present study highlights the importance of improved tools and scoring approaches in capturing the delayed yet partially deviant ToM development in Mandarin-speaking Chinese autistic children. These tools offer promise for broader clinical application in the future.Le développement de la théorie de l’esprit (TE) chez les enfants autistes est généralement considéré comme à la fois différé et atypique. Cependant, ces conclusions peuvent être influencées par des limites méthodologiques liées à la complexité linguistique et exécutive des tâches ainsi qu’au choix des méthodes de cotation. La présente étude a utilisé une version améliorée de l’échelle Low-Verbal ToM, avec essais étendus (LV-ToM-SWEET), pour évaluer les capacités de TE chez 46 enfants autistes sinophones (mandarin), âgés de 4,0 à 12,3 ans (âge moyen = 7,3 ans, écart-type = 1,8 ans ; 41 garçons). Grâce à une version améliorée du schéma de cotation (Sobel & Austerweil, 2016) dans les analyses de Rasch, nous avons identifié la séquence développementale suivante : Désirs Diversifiés (DD) < Croyances Diversifiées (DB) < Contenu Fausse Croyance (CFC) < Accès à la Connaissance (AC) < Fausse Croyance Explicite (FCE) < Émotion Cachée (EC). Les résultats indiquent que le développement de la TE chez les enfants autistes est globalement différé, avec des déviations dans l'ordre d'acquisition des étapes du développement de la TE. Ces déviations, différentes de celles rapportées dans des études antérieures sur l’autisme, pourraient refléter l’impact de méthodes de mesure améliorées. Dans l’ensemble, la présente étude souligne l’importance d’outils et de méthodes de cotation plus performants pour rendre compte d’un développement de la TE à la fois différé et partiellement atypique chez les enfants autistes sinophones (mandarin). Ces outils apparaissent prometteurs pour une utilisation clinique plus large à l’avenir
Chapter 13. What are the Consequences for Africa(s) and Issues for the Rest of the World ?
No full textInternational audienceThis chapter offers an analytical structuring of the salient points made by the authors. Firstly, the forum demonstrated the relevance of using three levels of analysis simultaneously to grasp the complexity of the transport and logistics situation in Africa: the macro level (continental, national), the meso level (sectoral, industrial) and the micro level (company and stakeholders). Secondly, the authors have highlighted five key themes for reflection, which are all invitations to push forwardthe research agenda: logistical and digital infrastructures, both of which are deemed insufficient; the expectations of the productive sector with regard to governments and their administrations; the need for deep-rooted African governance, which takes account of African realities and distances itself from models promoted by Western consultants; vigilance with regard to productive and commercial choices that commit to the future of the African economy; and finally, serious training issues which, for the contributors, must give priority to training skills rooted in Africa
Quand Platon parle à Lao Tseu : les idées philosophiques dans la bande dessinée, entre l’Est et l’Ouest
No full textInternational audienceCadre théorique et enjeux :Cette recherche vise a explorer la notion de "comicsophy", terme récent désignant les bandesdessinées qui traitent de philosophie. L’enjeu théorique de cette étude réside dans l'analyse des différences esthétiques fondamentales entre les traditions chinoise et occidentale et dans la manière dont ces conceptions influencent comicsphy en bande dessinée. Les idées philosophiques entre l'Est et l'Ouest sont considérées comme très différentes. De nombreux études sont contribué à la comparaison des philosophes de l'Est et de l'Ouest. mon projet vise à examiner la bande dessinée centrée sur des idées philosophiques. plus précis, ce document de recherche aimerait principalement aborder philosophes de l’Antiquité en Chine et de la Grèce, qui sont considérées comme les deux principales origines de la philosophie tant en Orient qu'en Occident. Objectifs et méthodologieL'objectif principal de cette recherche est d'analyser comment les bandes dessinées issues de cultures différentes appliquent ces esthétiques distinctes pour représenter des idées philosophiques. L'étude vise à répondre aux questions suivantes :1. Comment Comicsophy peut-elle comparer les idées philosophiques de l'Orient et de l'Occident de manière éducative, amusante, et en exploitant pleinement le langage de la bande dessinée ?2. Quelles sont les différences et similarités entre les approches esthétiques de la bande dessinée en Orient et en Occident ?La méthodologie adoptée une approche comparative :1.Analyse iconographique comparative : étude d'un corpus de bandes dessinées philosophiques représentant des concepts majeurs de la philosophie orientale (Taoïsme, Confucianisme) et occidentale (Platonisme, Aristotélisme). 2.Analyse sémiotique et esthétique : pour identifier les codes visuels récurrents et leur ancrage culture