HAL Portal Univ-Poitiers
Not a member yet
51771 research outputs found
Sort by
Neurocognitive Patterns for Episodic Metamemory Judgments In Young and Older Adults: First Insights
No full textInternational audienc
Enhancing dexterity: Soft pneumatic actuation utilizing granular jamming for a human finger flexo-extension
No full textInternational audienceThis article presents a bioinspired pneumatic soft actuator designed to mimic the flexo-extension movement of the human finger, with a particular focus on stiffness modulation through granular jamming. Three-chamber geometrieshoneycomb, rectangular, and half-roundwere evaluated to optimize curvature performance, utilizing Mold Star 15 Slow elastomer for actuator fabrication. Granular jamming, both passive and active, was implemented within the inextensible layer using chia and quinoa grains to enhance stiffness modulation. Experimental results revealed that the honeycomb geometry most closely aligned with the natural index finger trajectory. Stiffness evaluations demonstrated a range of 0-0.47 N/mm/°for quinoa and 0-0.9 N/mm/°for chia. The actuator's force output increased by 16% for quinoa and 71% for chia compared to the nonjammed configuration. This enhanced performance is particularly beneficial for applications such as hand rehabilitation, where adaptive stiffness and force modulation are critical. Granular jamming, especially with active chia, provided superior adaptability for tasks requiring variable stiffness and resistance, making it a promising candidate for wearable robotic applications in rehabilitation
Effet de l’âge sur la mémoire de l’action : quel est le rôle de la cinématique ?
No full textInternational audienc
High-fidelity simulation of developing mixed convection in a buoyancy-aided vertical pipe flow
No full textInternational audienceA high-fidelity simulation of buoyancy-assisted mixed convection in a turbulent pipe flow is performed to investigate the spatial transition from the forced to the mixed convection regime. The configuration is representative of pressurised water in industrial applications (P ≈ 10^7 Pa and T ≈ 400 K), with a Reynolds number, a Prandtl number and a Richardson number of 7495, 1.412 and 5.060, respectively, based on the pipe diameter, the mass flow rate and the imposed heat flux. The thermal entry length is relatively long: skin friction and Nusselt number reach fully developed values after 70 diameters. The development zone shows a complex behaviour with a partial relaminarisation and a turbulence redevelopment associated with strong temperature fluctuations. These phenomena can be observed for the first time thanks to the use of a very long computational domain based on inflow/outflow boundary conditions with a realistic turbulence injection at the inlet
Déclin cognitif subjectif, forme langagière et anomie discrète : participation à la normalisation et à la validation de la LAZ50
No full textGiven the lack of speech-language pathology tools that are sufficiently sensitive to detect subtle lexico-semantic impairments—especially in patients reporting cognitive complaints without objective deficits—Claire Sainson and Christelle Bolloré developed the LAZ-50 in 2020, a new language assessment battery. This thesis contributes to the validation of this tool by applying it to a population presenting Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD). Discriminant validity was analyzed both in SCD patients and in matched healthy volunteers. A correlation between the LAZ-50 and the TDQ-30 is expected. The categorical effect in naming was also examined. This study aims to better characterize the subtle language profiles associated with SCD and to support the validation of a speech-language pathology tool that may be useful for the early detection of neurocognitive disorders.Face à l’absence d’outils orthophoniques suffisamment sensibles pour détecter les troubles lexico-sémantiques discrets, notamment chez des patients se plaignant de difficultés cognitives sans atteinte objectivée, Claire Sainson et Christelle Bolloré ont développé en 2020 la LAZ-50, une nouvelle batterie d’évaluation du langage. Ce mémoire s’inscrit dans le cadre de la validation de cet outil, en l’appliquant à une population présentant un déclin cognitif subjectif (DCS). La validité discriminante chez les patients DCS ainsi que chez les volontaires sains appariés a été analysée. Une corrélation entre le TDQ-30 et la LAZ-50 est attendue. L’effet catégoriel en dénomination a également été étudié. Cette étude vise ainsi à mieux caractériser les profils langagiers discrets associés au DCS et à contribuer à la validation d’un outil orthophonique, utile pour la détection précoce des troubles neurocognitifs
Modifiche di metodo in un contesto di co-insegnamento
No full textsolo presentazione oraleNational audienceMettre en place une classe puzzle en amphithéâtre montre que des pédagogies innovantes, souvent pensées pour de petits groupes, peuvent également s’appliquer à de larges cohortes universitaires. Cette transposition souligne l’importance de la scénarisation pédagogique pour garantir la pertinence et l’efficacité de ces approches dans l’enseignement supérieur
La solution sinthomatique : vers une clinique pragmatique des sinthomes de suppléance
No full textIn the era of the non-existence of the Other, where social bonds are marked by the fragmentation of common discourses and the imperative of jouissance, psychoanalytic clinical practice faces subjective dynamics that elude classical psychopathological categories. This work examines different forms of sinthomatic solutions as modes of suppletion allowing the subject to knot RSI without relying on the Name-of-the-Father. By integrating Lacanian psychoanalysis, the history of psychopathology, and contemporary theories of social bonds, we explore the transition from a structuralist approach to new configurations of subjectivity. Through the analysis of modalities of suppletion, this research seeks to outline a pragmatic clinic of sinthomes that transcends the classical neurosis-psychosis opposition. It thus proposes a binary opposition more suited to the clinic of our time: sinthomatic-structures vs. non-sinthomatic-structures. The analysis of the logic behind Marina Abramović’s artistic work illustrates how art can function as a sinthome, offering a singular solution to contemporary social bond impasses.À l’époque de l’inexistence de l’Autre, où le lien social est marqué par la fragmentation des discours communs et l’impératif de jouissance, la clinique psychanalytique est confrontée à des dynamiques subjectives qui échappent aux catégories classiques de la psychopathologie. Cette thèse interroge les différentes formes de solutions sinthomatiques, comme modes de suppléance permettant au sujet de nouer RSI sans recours au Nom-du-Père. En croisant les apports de la psychanalyse lacanienne, de l’histoire de la psychopathologie et des théories du lien social contemporain, nous explorons la transition de l’approche structuraliste vers les nouvelles figures de la subjectivité. À travers l’analyse des modalités de suppléance, cette recherche vise à dégager une clinique pragmatique des sinthomes de suppléance, qui dépasse l’opposition classique névrose-psychose. Ainsi, elle propose une opposition binaire plus adaptée pour la clinique de notre époque : structures sinthomées - structures non-sinthomées. L’analyse de la logique de l’œuvre artistique de Marina Abramović illustre comment l’art peut fonctionner comme sinthome, proposant une solution singulière aux impasses du lien social contemporain
An ADMM-Based Approach to Quadratically-Regularized Distributed Optimal Transport on Graphs
No full textInternational audienceOptimal transport on a graph focuses on finding the most efficient way to transfer resources from one distribution to another while considering the graph's structure. This paper introduces a new distributed algorithm that solves the optimal transport problem on directed, strongly connected graphs, unlike previous approaches which were limited to bipartite graphs. Our algorithm incorporates quadratic regularization and guarantees convergence using the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM). Notably, it proves convergence not only with quadratic regularization but also in cases without it, whereas earlier works required strictly convex objective functions. In this approach, nodes are treated as agents that collaborate through local interactions to optimize the total transportation cost, relying only on information from their neighbors. Through numerical experiments, we show how quadratic regularization affects both convergence behavior and solution sparsity under different graph structures. Additionally, we provide a practical example that highlights the algorithm robustness through its ability to adjust to topological changes in the graph
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Cyber Range Training Scenarios: Impact of Video Tutorials on Mental Workload, Situational Awareness and Presence
No full textInternational audienceThe increasing reliance on digital technologies heightens the risk of cyber crises, driving public and private organizations to invest in training key personnel for effective crisis management. Cyber range platforms offer immersive simulations to replicate the intricate interplay between information systems and human behavior. While these platforms show potential, further exploration of effective pedagogical strategies is needed for optimal learning. This study assesses the effect of showing a video that outlines practices before or during the training scenario. This study involved six crisis units (29 individuals) from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in France. The six crisis units were distributed into two groups; one received video at the start of the exercise, while the other accessed the video during a mid-exercise debrief. The exercise simulated a data theft cyberattack, with dynamic stimuli injected throughout. Individual performance was measured at mid-exercise and at the end of it, using the NASA-TLX for mental workload, SART for situational awareness, and the Presence Questionnaire. Results revealed a significant effect of video presentation timing on situational awareness and certain presence dimensions improved for participants exposed to the video. These findings highlight the nuanced relationship between cognitive load and performance indicators in complex training scenarios, underscoring the need for multifaceted evaluation approaches to optimize cyber crisis training