HAL Collection UNC (Univ. de la Nouvelle Calédonie)
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Outrage à magistrat : le caractère public des propos n’exclut pas la qualification: Crim. 25 mars 2025, n<sup>o</sup> 23-85.517
No full textInternational audienceToute expression outrageante, qu’elle s’adresse directement ou par la voie d’un rapporteur nécessaire à un magistrat de l’ordre judiciaire, dans l’exercice de ses fonctions ou à l’occasion de cet exercice, entre dans les prévisions de l’article 434-24 du code pénal, même si elle présente un caractère public
Sustainable data life cycle for a better future of science and society: lessons learned
No full textInternational audienceObjectives of the communicationThis communication aims to give a narrative overview of what can the lifecycle of research data be from collection to dissemination and reuse. This is an opportunity to show good practices and tools that can be useful in daily lives and daily works of researchers [POSI 2021, OCDE 2021, CARE 2023]. Throughout the communication, we will show how some of the aspects described have been carried out in concrete cases in research projects.MethodsWe will start the communication with a review of what is usually done in research practices, especially in small research structures to highlight and discuss what could be improved.Research data is pretty much all researchers produce and work with to carry out their research, from raw data to publication and dissemination via images, videos, etc. This overview will enable discussing the question: Why is research data valuable?Indeed, research data is the basics for researchers to be able to work and answer or bring elements to research issues [Borgman 2020]. To target the issues, it is necessary to collect, transform, analyze and curate the data to have an overview of the problem and then publish and disseminate the results. We also know the importance of popularization to make the research results understandable, practical and useful for the society. However, we could ask: and then? Are the data not shown, such as raw data, now useless? Have we really used all their potential? Would they be useful to anyone else?Actually, we don’t know… That is why, when in doubt, it is needed to show and expose that we have data that can be useful for someone [POSI 2021, Data citation synthesis group 2014]. To do this, the data must be referenced, understandable and actually re-usable [Wilkinson et al. 2016, FAIR 2016]. Using metadata is mandatory to properly achieve these goals.Throughout the communication, many stages in data handling will be discussed, showing the need to plan what will be done with the data and how over the course of the project. This is the aim of a data management plan, which is more and more requested by funders [Bothorel et al. 2020, MESRI 2021, OCDE 2021]. This tool should not be considered an as additional daunting task for the researcher but rather as a means of anticipating what can be done with the data in order to exploit its potential to the full and thus increase the quality of research and their research.Main resultsThe main expectation of this communication is to make clearer to researchers the processes used in the data lifecycle. This will help to learn about good practices and practical tools that can be used to ensure the sustainability of research and improve its contribution towards the society [CARE 2023].Keywords: open science, research data, open data, data management, FAIRBibliography: Borgman, Christine L. 2020. Qu’est-ce que le travail scientifique des données ? : Big data, little data, no data. Traduit par Charlotte Matoussowsky. Encyclopédie numérique. Marseille: OpenEdition Press. https://books.openedition.org/oep/14692.Bothorel, Eric, Stéphanie Combes, et Renaud Vedel. 2020. « Pour une politique publique de la donnée ». Rapport ministériel. Paris: Ministère de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. https://www.vie-publique.fr/rapport/277879-pour-une-politique-publique-de-la-donnee.« CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance ». 2023. Global Indigenous Data Alliance. 2023. https://www.gida-global.org/care.Data Citation Synthesis Group. 2014. « Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles ». San Diego: Force11. https://doi.org/10.25490/A97F-EGYK.« Deuxième Plan national pour la science ouverte ». 2021. Paris: MESRI. https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/deuxieme-plan-national-pour-la-science-ouverte.« FAIR Principles ». 2016. https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/fair-principles.OCDE. 2021. « Recommandation du Conseil concernant l’accès aux données de la recherche financée sur fonds publics ». OECD/LEGAL/0347. https://legalinstruments.oecd.org/fr/instruments/OECD-LEGAL-0347.« The Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI) ». 2021. Ouvrir la Science (blog). 2021. https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/the-principles-of-open-scholarly-infrastructure-posi.Wilkinson, Mark D., Michel Dumontier, IJsbrand Jan Aalbersberg, Gabrielle Appleton, Myles Axton, Arie Baak, Niklas Blomberg, et al. 2016. « The FAIR Guiding Principles for Scientific Data Management and Stewardship ». Scientific Data 3 (1): 160018. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18
Exploring the digital health landscape: how adolescents living in urban and rural areas of Vanuatu use social media to access health information
No full textInternational audienceWorldwide, adolescents increasingly engage with online platforms as sources to search and discuss information related to health. With limited evidence of this from the Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICTs), understanding how adolescents in PICTs use online platforms for health information is important. Access to, and the use of, digital technologies vary across urban, rural, and tribal areas. Adolescents living in urban areas may face different health issues compared with their rural and tribal counterparts, necessitating tailored digital health (literacy) interventions.This study investigates the online healthrelated behaviours of adolescents in Vanuatu. Recognising the unique cultural and contextual factors in Vanuatu, this study aims toshed light on how adolescents living in urban areas compared with those living in rural areas navigate online resources to make informed health decisions.In June 2023, 245 participants were recruited from two schools in Vanuatu. Findings reveal that 77% of participants own a mobile phone, primarily used for music (34%) and gaming (22%). Only 24% (n= 47) reported using apps, social media, or websites for health purposes. Contrary to the common notion of a digital divide, our study highlights similar patterns of online health platform use between urban and rural adolescents in Vanuatu.Gaining insight into the patterns of use and purposes behind their engagement with online platforms for health-related information, we aim to bridge gaps in understanding and potentially tailor interventions that resonate with the specific needs of this population, contributing to the advancement of their overall health outcomes. This study highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity, addresses the risks of misinformation, and emphasises the role of policy and education in effectively engaging adolescents with digital health tools to foster positive health outcomes
Empowering adolescents through participatory research: a case study in New-Caledonia
No full textInternational audienceBehavioural risk factors for NCDs are highly prevalent in the adolescent population with several risk factors often present together in adolescents. For example, in the Pacific region 88% of adolescents present at least two risk factors, with the more prevalent cluster being physical inactivity and low fruit and vegetables (76%). Despite decades of public health initiatives low physical activity and poor diets remain an issue. There is a need to identify key levers that can shift behaviours and diets.Our recent systematic review investigating facilitators and barriers for PA in the Pacific Islands showed that PA or sport programs that are committed to communities through formal co-design partnerships were needed.This project aims to empower adolescents to advocate and innovate for their health and wellbeing. Young people themselves want to be involved, and their participation is a human right exemplified in the Lansdown 22 / 30 UNICEF framework for adolescents’ participation. It is crucial to engage young generations in the debate to collaboratively identify research priorities and to engage in co-designing research projects and innovative solutions for the future. This project addresses the lack of participatory research involving adolescents for the prevention of non-communicable diseases, specifically in the Pacific.The objectives of the project are to: 1) conduct a participatory research workshop with adolescents to co-design solutions that encourage healthy lives and wellbeing and 2) co-produce research outputs and 3) assess the impact of their involvement in participatory research on their sense of leadership and societal impact. This project received ethics approval from the University of Sydney ethics committee and from the Commite de Protection des Personnes de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Year 8 students attending participating school were invited to participate the research as collaborators “Recherche- Action Junior”. During a 2-hour structured workshop, adolescents engaged in co-design and co-production activities to develop either an advocacy statement (Change makers) or an innovation (Innovators) in small groups. They produced a 1-min video about their idea including scientific evidence. Participating adolescents completed a questionnaire asking if the activities enhanced their self-efficacy and leadership skills.Adolescents were offered 3 packages in each theme (either Change Makers or Innovators) including solutions about facilitated access to sport facilities or equipment, encourage water rather than soft drinks, sport festivals, smart shoes, apps, phone lock functions.Participatory research is powerful way to engage with adolescents and to co-design solutions and research output that aim for an impact in their community for people like them
GRIMP : un algorithme génétique pour l'exploration de modèles descriptifs basés sur la compression
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Traditional frequent pattern mining algorithms often report an overwhelming number of patterns in large datasets, many of which are redundant. To address this issue, Minimum Description Length (MDL)‐based methods have been employed, which use data compression to capture a smaller yet significant set of patterns. However, finding a good set of patterns according to MDL involves a very large search space, and current MDL‐based techniques often suffer from long runtimes and find suboptimal solutions. To discover better sets of patterns in less time, this paper introduces GRIMP (a Genetic algoRIthm for coMpression‐based descriptive Pattern mining), a novel framework that combines a genetic algorithm with MDL‐based pattern selection. Multiple genetic algorithm variants are explored within the GRIMP framework, and their effectiveness is compared using a large number of datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that GRIMP consistently outperforms previous methods by achieving higher compression ratios, generating more representative itemsets, and requiring less time. Additionally, the extracted patterns improve downstream classification tasks, highlighting the ability of GRIMP to find more representative patterns within the data
Injure à raison du sexe : régime d'interruption de la prescription: Crim. 11 mars 2025, n<sup>o</sup> 24-80.572
No full textInternational audienceLorsqu’à l’issue d’une enquête préliminaire ouverte pour des infractions de droit commun, les poursuites sont engagées pour une infraction relevant de la loi sur la presse du 29 juillet 1881, seules les règles spécifiques prévues par ce texte sont applicables. À cet égard, l’article 63-5 de cette loi soumet l’injure publique à raison du sexe aux dispositions de droit commun de l’article 9-2, 2°, du code de procédure pénale, concernant l’interruption de la prescription de l’action publique
The development of national sport policy and governance in Seychelles (1976–2014)
No full textInternational audienceThis article analyses the driving forces behind the development of politicaldiscourse and public policy on sport in the Seychelles between 1976 and2014. The data was collected through a detailed study of legislative textsgoverning local sport, coupled with a close reading of the archives of theSeychelles Nation, the main national daily; interviews with key stakeholders(policymakers, managers, foreign specialists on missions abroad) involved insport were also conducted during two field surveys. This analysis reveals howa small but determined network of stakeholders first had to make up for ashortage of sports facilities in the country and set up a centralisedorganisation. The Seychelles government then gradually adopted a rationalapproach to sport governance that focused both on democratisation (sportfor all, health, education, etc.) and on competitive aspects of sport
Association de la génération procédurale et des algorithmes génétiques pour modéliser la croissance urbaine
No full textNational audienceThis paper proposes a method for modelling and optimising spatial influences in agent-based models by combining procedural generation with a genetic algorithm. Applied to an urban growth model, this method enables agents, representing residents, to make decisions based on their environment (e.g., proximity to roads encouraging construction). Procedural generation aids in modeling these influences, but the complexity of manually adjusting the parameters necessitates the use of a genetic algorithm for automatic optimization. The approach examines three spatial measures—Chamfer distance, kernel density, and density grid—to train the model and simulate the location of new housing. Experimental results demonstrate the method’s effectiveness, generality, and the critical role of fitness functions.Cet article propose une méthode d'optimisation des influences spatiales dans des modèles multi-agents, en associant génération procédurale et algorithme génétique. Appliquée à un modèle de croissance urbaine, cette méthode permet aux agents, représentant les habitants, de prendre des décisions basées sur leur environnement (par exemple, la proximité d'une route favorisant la construction). La génération procédurale aide à modéliser ces influences, mais la complexité du réglage manuel des paramètres rend nécessaire l'usage d'un algorithme génétique afin de les optimiser automatiquement. L'approche étudie trois mesures spatiales (distance de Chamfer, densité de noyau, et grille de densité) pour entraîner le modèle, et simuler la localisation de nouvelles habitations. Les résultats expérimentaux démontrent l'efficacité de cette méthode, sa généricité et l'importance des fonctions de fitness
De l’institutionnalisation à la fictionnalisation du discours d’expertise :une forme d’engagement social de l’expert au sein d’une controverse socio-environnementale ?: Le cas d’une expertise en sciences humaines et sociales sur la gestion du risque d’attaques de requins à La Réunion
No full textBetween 2011 and 2014, the French government and the Reunion Region funded severalresearch programs in different fields as political decision support for managing shark attacksrisk in Reunion Island. Our study proposes to explore the circulation of an expert discourse insocial and humanities, between its institutional and fictional form, by combining contentanalysis of an expert’s report with political destination to a literary analysis of a fiction novelinspired by the research process experienced by the expert. Those analysis have beenassociated to the perception of the engagement of the author-expert at the origin of theseproductions. Our case study focused on the expert’s report "Better Know to Act. Socialapproach to the shark crisis» and the fiction novel «La tête sous l'eau», both written byArnold Jaccoud, psychosociologist and author of novels. The analyses indicate negotiationsbetween the expert and officials relating to the institutional expression of socialinterpretations of risk. However, the use of fiction to describe these negotiation processesquestions the sociological credibility of the related facts described in the novel, according tothe pragmatic constraints of discourse literary that the author circumvents. This questions thescope of the expert's social engagement.Entre 2011 et 2014, les services de l’État et la Région Réunion financent plusieurs expertisesdans différents domaines comme aide à la décision politique pour la gestion du risqued’attaques de requins à La Réunion. Notre étude propose d’explorer la circulation d’undiscours d’expertise en sciences humaines et sociales, entre sa forme institutionnelle etfictionnelle, en combinant l’analyse de contenu d’un rapport à destination politique à celle del’analyse littéraire d’un roman de fiction inspiré du processus d’expertise vécu par l’expert.Celles-ci ont été mises en perspective avec la perception de l’engagement de l’expert-auteur àl’origine de ces productions. Notre étude de cas s’est portée sur le rapport d’expertise« Mieux connaître pour mieux agir. Approche sociale de la crise requin » et le roman defiction « La tête sous l’eau », rédigés par Arnold Jaccoud, psychosociologue et auteur deromans. Les analyses indiquent des négociations entre l’expert et les agents des services del’État dans l’expression institutionnelle des interprétations sociales du risque. Le recours à lafiction par l’expert pour décrire ces processus de négociations interroge cependant lacrédibilité sociologique des faits relatés dans son roman, au prisme du contournement descontraintes pragmatiques du discours littéraires que fait l’auteur. Ceci remet alors enquestion la portée de l’engagement social de l’expert
L’avenir de l’aide à la protection de l’environnement en Haïti face à l’arrivée de Donald Trump au pouvoir
No full texthttps://haiticlimat.org/lavenir-de-laide-a-la-protection-de-lenvironnement-en-haiti-face-a-larrivee-de-donald-trump-au-pouvoir/This article explores the repercussions of U.S. environmental policy on Haiti, a country already severely affected by ecological degradation and the impacts of climate change. While the disengagement of the United States raises legitimate concerns, it also presents an opportunity to rethink our priorities, diversify our partnerships, and strengthen local initiatives for a more sustainable future.Cet article explore les répercussions de la politique environnementale américaine sur Haïti, un pays déjà durement touché par la dégradation écologique et les effets du changement climatique. Si le désengagement des États-Unis suscite des préoccupations légitimes, il ouvre aussi une porte pour repenser nos priorités, diversifier nos partenariats et renforcer nos initiatives locales pour un avenir plus durable