HAL Collection UNC (Univ. de la Nouvelle Calédonie)
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Hemolymph microbiota and immune effectors’ expressions driven by geographical rearing acclimation of the aquacultured Penaeus stylirostris
No full textInternational audienceBackground : In holobiont, microbiota is known to play a central role on the health and immunity of its host. Then, understanding the microbiota, its dynamic according to the environmental conditions and its link to the immunity would help to react to potential dysbiosis of aquacultured species. While the gut microbiota is highly studied, in marine invertebrates the hemolymph microbiota is often set aside even if it remains an important actor of the hemolymph homeostasis. Indeed, the hemolymph harbors the factors involved in the animal homeostasis that interacts with the microbiota, the immunity. In the Southwest Pacific, the high economical valued shrimp Penaeus stylirostris is reared in two contrasted sites, in New Caledonia (NC) and in French Polynesia (FPResults: We characterized the active microbiota inhabiting the hemolymph of shrimps while considering its stability during two seasons and at a one-month interval and evidenced an important microbial variability between the shrimps according to the rearing conditions and the sites. We highlighted specific biomarkers along with a common core microbiota composed of 6 ASVs. Putative microbial functions were mostly associated with bacterial competition, infections and metabolism in NC, while they were highly associated with the cell metabolism in FP suggesting a rearing site discrimination. Differential relative expression of immune effectors measured in the hemolymph of two shrimp populations from NC and FP, exhibited higher level of expression in NC compared to FP. In addition, differential relative expression of immune effectors was correlated to bacterial biomarkers based on their geographical location. Conclusions: Our data suggest that, in Pacific shrimps, both the microbiota and the expression of the immune effectors could have undergone differential immunostimulation according to the rearing site as well as a geographical adaptative divergence of the shrimps as an holobiont, to their rearing sites. Further, the identification of proxies such as the core microbiota and site biomarkers, could be used to guide future actions to monitor the bacterial microbiota and thus preserve the productions
Psychologie du consommateur océanien et normes sociales : une application au tourisme durable
No full textInternational audienc
Le français calédonien: Le français calédonien : hier et aujourd'hui
No full textInternational audienceDans le cadre de la semaine des langues, nous proposons des ateliers et une présentation sur le français calédonien ainsi que des explications terminologiques
Ecological Specialisation of Reef Fishes Peaks in Global Biodiversity Hotspots
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Aim The role of ecological specialisation in shaping biogeographic and evolutionary patterns remains unresolved. To date, few studies have quantitatively examined consumer niche breadth at a global scale. We describe global biogeographic and diversification patterns of specialisation, measured using trophic and thermal niches, for a highly diverse assemblage of consumers: reef fishes. First, we investigated the confluence of specialisation with global biogeographic patterns in species richness and reef area. Then, we tested whether these patterns could be explained by differences in diversification rates and geographic ranges. Location Tropical reefs across the globe. Time Period Present. Major Taxa Studied Reef fishes. Methods To estimate trophic specialisation, we compiled a comprehensive dataset on reef fish trophic interactions from published gut content analyses, including dietary information for ~5000 individuals across 387 fish species. We used the geographic range of species and global temperature data to estimate thermal specialisation of reef fishes. We used distributional data and Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling to test for the correlation between biogeographic variables, species richness, and the prevalence of trophic or thermal specialisation in reef fish assemblages. Moreover, we used linear models to test for a correlation between reef fish diversification rates, geographic range, and their degree of trophic and thermal specialisation. Results Our analysis suggests that species richness is positively associated with trophic specialisation in reef fishes, with isolated and species‐depauperate communities supporting assemblages dominated by trophic and thermal generalists. We found no effect of trophic and thermal specialisation on diversification rates and geographic range at the species level. Main Conclusions Our findings indicate that specialisation is favoured in large, biodiversity‐rich regions, but specialists might show lower capacity for colonisation, with lower representation on smaller, isolated reefs. These results contribute to our understanding of the dynamics shaping fish biogeography on coral reefs
Pêcheurs d’Haïti : une ingéniosité constante face aux contraintes sociales et climatiques
No full texthttps://theconversation.com/pecheurs-dha-ti-une-ingeniosite-constante-face-aux-contraintes-sociales-et-climatiques-249078En Haïti, la pêche représente non seulement une source cruciale de protéines, mais aussi un pilier économique majeur pour les habitants. Elle rassemble également des savoirs transmis précieusement de générations en générations, et une connaissance très fine de l’environnement. Mais aujourd’hui, ces savoir-faire sont mis à mal par les aléas climatiques et les dommages environnementaux que subissent l’île
: Crim. 4 févr. 2025, n<sup>o</sup> 23-86.384 et 5 févr. 2025, n<sup>o</sup> 24-80.051 (3<sup>e</sup> et 5<sup>e</sup> moyens)
No full textInternational audienceMoins d’un mois après ses deux arrêts ayant posé un cadre pour apprécier le caractère proportionné à la liberté d’expression de l’incrimination d’un comportement constitutif d’une infraction pénale (Crim. 8 janv. 2025), la chambre criminelle fait application des critères qu’elles a identifiés dans le cadre de deux affaires médiatiques : celle de l’appel au boycott des publicités sur CNews et celle de la manifestation organisée en mars 2023 à Sainte Soline pour protester contre les réserves de substitution d’eau, dites « méga-bassines »
"Finn MacCool: héro légendaire de l'Irlande". Interview de Natacha Sumner, Harvard University, pour la Chaine YouTube Imaginaire celtique, créée par Frédéric Armao, Noémie Beck, et Gaël Hily. Sous-titrée en français. 15 février 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCzb0ub42V8
No full text"Finn MacCool: héro légendaire de l'Irlande". Interview de Natacha Sumner, Harvard University, pour la Chaine YouTube Imaginaire celtique, créée par Frédéric Armao, Noémie Beck, et Gaël Hily. Sous-titrée en français. 15 février 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCzb0ub42V
On the speed of convergence of the pressure function at zero temperature
No full textWe prove here that the pressure function cannot converge to the limit entropy at zero temperature faster than some exponential rate. Furthermore, we characterize this limit rate via an expression involving the Peierls barriers between the irreducible components of the Aubry set. This extends and completes results from [8] and [7].In the first one, an exact exponential speed of convergence was proved, under the assumption that the Aubry set is a subshift of finite type. In the later one, a rate was given but without interpretation in term of Thermodynamical quantities of the system.</div
Associations entre réussite scolaire et statut pondéral chez les adolescents calédoniens
No full textInfographie résumant l'article scientifique suivant : Frayon S., Swami V., Wattelez G., Nedjar-Guerre A., Galy O. Associations between academic achievement and weight status in a multi-ethnic sample of New Caledonian adolescents. PLoS ONE. 2024; 19(10): e0309782. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309782Infography related to the following scientific paper: Frayon S., Swami V., Wattelez G., Nedjar-Guerre A., Galy O. Associations between academic achievement and weight status in a multi-ethnic sample of New Caledonian adolescents. PLoS ONE. 2024; 19(10): e0309782. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309782Infographie résumant l'article scientifique suivant : Frayon S., Swami V., Wattelez G., Nedjar-Guerre A., Galy O. Associations between academic achievement and weight status in a multi-ethnic sample of New Caledonian adolescents. PLoS ONE. 2024; 19(10): e0309782. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.030978
Temps d'écran et consommation de boissons et d'aliments non sains chez les adolescents dans le contexte de développement numérique en Nouvelle-Calédonie
No full textInfographie résumant l'article scientifique suivant :Nedjar-Guerre A., Wattelez G., Serra-Mallol C., Frayon S., Galy O. Adolescent screen time and unhealthy food consumption in the context of the digital development in New Caledonia. PLoS ONE. 2023; 18(5): e0285374. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285374Infographie related to the following scientific paper: Nedjar-Guerre A., Wattelez G., Serra-Mallol C., Frayon S., Galy O. Adolescent screen time and unhealthy food consumption in the context of the digital development in New Caledonia. PLoS ONE. 2023; 18(5): e0285374. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285374Infographie résumant l'article scientifique suivant :Nedjar-Guerre A., Wattelez G., Serra-Mallol C., Frayon S., Galy O. Adolescent screen time and unhealthy food consumption in the context of the digital development in New Caledonia. PLoS ONE. 2023; 18(5): e0285374. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.028537