Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung / Journal of East Central European Studies (ZfO)
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Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der europäischen Juden durch das nationalsozialistische Deutschland 1933–1945. Bd. 15: Ungarn 1944–1945. Hrsg. von Regina Fritz
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Deutschnationaler und nationalsozialistischer Antislawismus – Kontinuitäten und Paradigmenwechsel eines heterogenen Ressentiments (1848–1945)
No full textThe article examines a relatively unknown and yet crucial animosity inherent to the nineteenth century German Nationalist and later National Socialist ideologies. It aims to identify the continuities and paradigm changes of Antislavic sentiment through this long and heterogeneous timespan, taking into account several different areas of Eastern Europe. For this purpose, various sources, such as newspapers, scientific writings, political speeches etc., have been analyzed. It is shown herein that German Nationalist Antislavism can be traced back to the “civilizing” discourse of the nlightenment and was further politicized through the nationalization of Europe during the nineteenth century, when German nationalists strongly accused their Slavic neighbors of being expansive but simultaneously primitive and unable to create a functioning state. The reason for the so-called Kulturgefälle was llegedly to be found in the inferiority of Slavic cultures and languages, and not in the biological blueprints of its people. However, German Antislavism began to rapidly change its paradigms at the end of the nineteenth century, when the biologist concepts of “race” and “blood” gradually entered the scientific and political spheres. The outcomes of World War I further radicalized the pre-existing Antislavism. It was appropriated by the rising National Socialists, who pushed it to a more perilous level with their ideas of racial purity and territorial expansion. The article explains the historical roots of the atrocities in Eastern Europe during World War II while at the same time also recognizing the ambiguity in, and the diversity of, Antislavism itself.The article examines a relatively unknown and yet crucial animosity inherent to the nineteenth century German Nationalist and later National Socialist ideologies. It aims to identify the continuities and paradigm changes of Antislavic sentiment through this long and heterogeneous timespan, taking into account several different areas of Eastern Europe. For this purpose, various sources, such as newspapers, scientific writings, political speeches etc., have been analyzed. It is shown herein that German Nationalist Antislavism can be traced back to the “civilizing” discourse of the nlightenment and was further politicized through the nationalization of Europe during the nineteenth century, when German nationalists strongly accused their Slavic neighbors of being expansive but simultaneously primitive and unable to create a functioning state. The reason for the so-called Kulturgefälle was llegedly to be found in the inferiority of Slavic cultures and languages, and not in the biological blueprints of its people. However, German Antislavism began to rapidly change its paradigms at the end of the nineteenth century, when the biologist concepts of “race” and “blood” gradually entered the scientific and political spheres. The outcomes of World War I further radicalized the pre-existing Antislavism. It was appropriated by the rising National Socialists, who pushed it to a more perilous level with their ideas of racial purity and territorial expansion. The article explains the historical roots of the atrocities in Eastern Europe during World War II while at the same time also recognizing the ambiguity in, and the diversity of, Antislavism itself
Imperial Ambitions: The Campaign for Czechoslovak Colonies on the Eve of the Paris Peace Conference
No full textFollowing the conclusion of World War I, questions were raised about the fate of Germany’s overseas territories. In the weeks leading up to the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919, plans circulated among the European powers about a mandate system in which former colonies would be placed under the “tutelage” of “advanced” European nations. This paper examines the campaign which took place during the first months of independence to appoint Czechoslovakia as a mandate power charged with overseeing Germany’s former colonies. By describing the actors behind the campaign and analyzing the rhetoric in the Czech-language press, the paper argues that the demand for Czechoslovak colonies was deeply intertwined with postwar debates about civilizational development and Czech leaders’ desire to demonstrate their nation’s capacity for self-rule.Following the conclusion of World War I, questions were raised about the fate of Germany’s overseas territories. In the weeks leading up to the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919, plans circulated among the European powers about a mandate system in which former colonies would be placed under the “tutelage” of “advanced” European nations. This paper examines the campaign which took place during the first months of independence to appoint Czechoslovakia as a mandate power charged with overseeing Germany’s former colonies. By describing the actors behind the campaign and analyzing the rhetoric in the Czech-language press, the paper argues that the demand for Czechoslovak colonies was deeply intertwined with postwar debates about civilizational development and Czech leaders’ desire to demonstrate their nation’s capacity for self-rule
DAnikó Boros: Die Ermordung ungarischen Juden 1944 in Pusztavám. Zeugenschaft und Erinnerung im transnationalen Kontext.
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Carlos Alberto Haas: Das Private im Ghetto. Jüdisches Leben im deutsch besetzten Polen 1939 bis 1944
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