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Focal epithelial hyperplasia in Yemeni families: Three case reports
No full textThis is the first time to get the opportunity to report and study three cases from three families with focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH) in Yemen. Clinically they presented as focal and/or diffuse papillomatous lesions in the oral mucosa in children. The purpose of this paper is to add information concerning clinical feature, the possible etiologic factors and diagnosis of this disease which is totally unknown to the general Yemeni medical professionals and to raise dentist s awareness about these rare conditions
Management of impacted permanent maxillary incisors caused by supernumerary tooth: Case report
Get PDFPurpose: Improving patient's esthetic and appearance due to impacted upper right incisors caused by impacted supernumerary tooth by moving them in to their proper position within the dental arch. Methods: Surgical exposure and open tooth eruption technique with fixed orthodontic appliance have been used. Principal findings: Treating impacted maxillary incisors with immediate esthetic improvement. Conclusion: Impacted maxillary incisors could be treated using surgical exposure and open tooth eruption technique with acceptable gingival contour
Prevalence of cigarette smoking among Sulaimani University students
Get PDFObjectives: The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and find out the socio-demographic correlates of smoking among Sulaimani University students. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 2007 on 2750 students in Sulaimani University. A systematic stratified sampling technique was used. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection on age and gender of students, college, years of study, and age of starting smoking. Results: Out of 2722 respondents, 302 students were smokers giving a prevalence rate of 11.1%. The prevalence of smokers was significantly (P 0.001) higher in males than females (19% and 1% respectively). The highest rate of smokers was among the age group 23-26 years in both sexes. About 10% of students started smoking at age less than 12 years, 8.2% at age 12-17 year, 50% at 18-22, and 31.7% at 23-26 years. Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking was moderate. More than half of students started smoking during their study years in the university. Males and students in third and fourth academic years were more likely to smoke. The results provide baseline data to develop an anti-smoking program to limit smoking in the university
Evaluation of some intracanal irrigants on push-out bond strength and mode of failure of resin and non resin cements to root canal dentin (in vitro comparative study)
Get PDFObjectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of five intracanal irrigants [distilled water, NaOCl, NaOCl + EDTA, ozonated water and NaOCl + ozonated water] on push-out bond strength of (zinc phosphate cement and Calibra esthetic resin cement) and to determine the mode of failure. Materials and methods: Seventy extracted single straight rooted teeth were selected. The crowns were sectioned at cemento-enamel junction. The sectioned roots were embedded vertically in clear acrylic resin. The root canals were prepared with K-files and Gates Glidden drills using step-back technique then the specimens were randomly assigned to five main groups according to the types of irrigant used and each main group were divided in to two subgroups and filled with zinc phosphate cement and Calibra esthetic resin cement. The samples were sectioned horizontally to provide 4 millimeter dentin disc from coronal third of the roots. Each sectioned specimen was tested by using computerized universal testing machine. Finally each de-bonded specimens was examined under stereomicroscope to determine the mode of failure. Results: Two-way ANOVA tests showed that there was statistical significance difference between the two type of cement used in this study, also there was statistical significance difference between the types of irrigant; while the interaction between types of cement with types of irrigant was not statistically significant. Considering the dentine surface treatment, Paired T-test showed that irrigation with 5.25% NaOCl produce statistically significant reduction in bond strength to root canal dentin in comparison to control group, while irrigation with distilled water, 5.25 NaOCl plus 17% EDTA, 5.25% NaOCl plus 5gm/L ozonated water, 5gm/L ozonated water alone had no statistical significant affect on bond strength to root canal dentin. Comparing the cements, zinc Phosphate cement showed higher bond strength in comparison to Calibra esthetic resin cement. Conclusions: NaOCl have negative effect on bond strength to root canal dentin, while distilled water, NaOCl plus EDTA, ozonated water alone or after NaOCl had no effect. Zinc phosphate cement had higher bond strength than Calibra esthetic resin cement. The adhesive and mixed failures were higher than the cohesive failure for all groups in general
Evaluation of microleakage in the gingival margin of class II resin composite restoration when using three placement techniques (An in vitro study)
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate and compare the effect of bulk and layering composite filling techniques on the gingival microleakage in class II cavity. Materials and methods: Standardized 60 class II cavities were prepared in the proximal surfaces of thirty extracted non caries permanent molars and randomly were divided into two main groups A and B each composed of 30 cavities, for group (A) the gingival floor on mesial side was prepared one mm above the CEJ and for group (B) one mm below the CEJ, then each main group was subdivided into three subgroups (n=10 cavities) according to the composite placement technique: 1) bulk, 2) horizontal, 3) oblique. The specimens were immersed in a solution of 2% methylene blue dye for 24 hours. The microleakage scores (0 to 3) were obtained from the cervical surface and the cervical microleakage was analyzed with a stereomicroscope. Results: The gingival dye penetration increased when the gingival floor was below the CEJ. The microleakage is increased with bulk followed by horizontal and oblique. Conclusion: This study predicts that the oblique layering composite filling technique of class II is betters then the other techniques when the gingival floor is above and below the CEJ
Molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) among Kurdish children in Sulaimani City, Iraq
Get PDFObjectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of molar incisor hypomineralisation among Kurdish children in Sulaimani City, Iraq. Method: A cross-sectional survey was carried out on primary school students in Sulaimani City. A total of 2346 Kurdish children aged 7 to 9 years old were examined; 1194 (50.9%) males and 1152 (49.1%) females, enrolled in 20 primary public schools. The index teeth were evaluated using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria for MIH. Results: The prevalence of MIH was found to be 18.2% where no statistically significant association was found with age or gender (P 0.05). Multiple teeth involvement (13.2%) was more common than a single molar involvement (5.1%). The mean number of the affected index teeth with MIH per affected child was (3.1). Mild defects were present in 64.1% of the affected teeth with demarcated creamy-white opacities were the most common finding (33.3%). Conclusions: It s been found that MIH is a prevalent pathology among Kurdish children in Sulaimani City which could result in a large number of children continuously seeking professional dental treatment. Therefore, dental practitioners who deal with child patients could encounter such cases and should be aware of the treatment choices and management protocols for coping with this particular condition
Assessment of calcium ions diffusion and pH measurements of three intracanal medicaments through dentinal tubules (in vitro comparative study)
Get PDFObjectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the release of Calcium ions from three intracanal medicaments [Ca(OH)2 , White Proroot MTA , Biodentine], and to measure the PH of these three materials. Materials and Methods: Forty-two single rooted permanent teeth were prepared using crown down technique with Protaper rotary files to a master apical file size 40. The canals were irrigated by using 2 ml 5.25% NaOCl for 60 seconds after each instrument change, final irrigation of canals using 5 ml of 17% EDTA for 3 minutes and 5 ml of 5.25% NaOCl for 60 seconds and finally 10 ml of saline solution. The canals were dried and the intracanal medicaments were applied according to manufacturer instruction after setting of materials, both apical and coronal openings were sealed by Cavit and a layer of Epoxy resin on it. Each root was immersed in 30 ml of deionized water. The digital pH meter was used for measuring the pH values for each root 10 times per each studied period (1, 2, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60) days; The Calcium ions release measurements were taken for each studied periods using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer device. The results were analyzed statistically using ANOVA (F test), a p-value 0.05 was considered as a significant. Results: The pH values for Ca (OH)2 and PMTA groups were gradually increased and need more time for increasing than the Biodentine. The pH values for Biodentine were the highest at the first day then decreased in the 2nd and 7th days, then increased over time until sixty days. The calcium ions release values were gradually increase for three medicament and its values were highest for Biodentine followed by Ca(OH)2 and finally PMTA. The differences between groups were statistically highly significant. Conclusions: Biodentine exhibited highest mean values in the calcium ions release and pH measurements than other groups and PMTA showed lowest mean values in the calcium ion release and pH measurement
The use of maxillary first molar as forensic aid in racial and sexual dimorphism of Kurdish population in Sulaimani city
Get PDFObjectives: To find out the utility of using permanent maxillary first molar as a forensic tool for sex determination, and to compare tooth size for both side in the same sex in Kurdish people. Materials and methods: The study sample comprised 120 casts of Kurdish peoples (67 females and 53 males) from Sulaimani city - Iraq, with age ranging from 13-33 years. The bucco-lingual (B-L) and mesio-distal (M-D) linear measurements of the maxillary first molars were calculated using digital vernier calipers. Percentage of sexual dimorphism was calculated. Results: The mean values of B-L and M-D parameters were greater in males than females and greater on right side compared to with left side. The mean values of B-L parameters showed statistically significant differences between males and females with p ˂0.05.The differences in B-L and M-D parameters between the right and the left side were statistically significant in males. Sexual dimorphism amounted to 3.48%, 2.83% for the right and left bucco-lingual diameter respectively as compared to 1%, 0.91 % for right and left mesio-distal diameters of the maxillary first molars respectively. Conclusion: The result of the study showed that the bucco-lingual diameters of permanent maxillary first molars exhibiting significant sexual dimorphism in Kurdish sample and can be used as adjunct in sex determinatio
Priority in selection of treatment methods used for lymphatic malformations affecting maxillofacial region
Get PDFObjectives: The purpose of this paper was to discuss and evaluate the treatment plan selection and the outcomes of 82 cases of lymphatic malformation in oral maxillofacial region. Materials methods: The analysis included of 82 cases of lymphatic malformation in oral maxillofacial region during the period between January 2004 to November 2013 at maxillofacial department in Al-Hilla General Teaching Hospital. The treatment plans selection depend on details patient history, clinical examination imaging investigations. Different techniques were used depended on age, extension, site types of lymphatic malformation. The treatment methods were conservative treatment, surgery, use of sclerosing agents or combinations of them. Results: Total number of the patients were 82 complains from different types lymphatic malformation, 30 were males constituting 36.5% while 52 were females constituting 63.5% . The youngest patient was 5 days, while the oldest one was 45 years. Forty case treated by sclerotherapy and surgery (48.7%) . Surgery alone as primary treatment done for 27 patients (32.9%) other 10 cases treated by sclerotherapy alone ( 12.1%) 5 cases ( 6% ) only needs observation. Conclusions: Careful treatment plan selection depends on age, extension, type of lesion experience of surgeon associated with good prognosis. Conservative resection was the most effective method in treatment of lymphatic malformation
Angle’s classification of first molar occlusion among patients attending a private orthodontic clinic in Sulaimani City
Get PDFObjectives: The aim of this study were to find the prevalence of Angle s classification and distribution of malocclusion amongst patients attending a private orthodontic clinic in Sulaimani City. Method: Pre-treatment orthodontic records of 171 patients of both genders and different age groups fulfilled selection criteria were obtained for the study. The data from case sheets and dental casts were analyzed to determine the prevalence of angles class I, class II, and class III malocclusion. Results: Malocclusion was found to be higher in females than males. Patient s malocclusions were as follow: 56 (33%) Class I, 83 (48%) Class II, and 32 (19%) Class III. Patients of 12-17 years age group were found to be more interested in orthodontic treatment than other age groups. Conclusions: Class II malocclusion created almost half of the patients seeking orthodontic treatment in private clinic in Sulaimani City. Furthermore majority of orthodontic cases were young patients (12-17 age group) with females showing a higher percentage than males