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Thomas Jefferson\u27s support of the separation of church and state
Get PDFThis study sought to determine the influences on Thomas Jefferson\u27s support of the separation of church and state. Jefferson\u27s A Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom (1779), which was enacted into law as the Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom (1786), and his personal letters illuminate Jefferson\u27s position on the separation of church and state. First, Jefferson believed in the sanctity of individual conscience, which the state-supported church in his native Virginia did not comfortably allow. Non-Anglicans in colonial Virginia (1607-1776) were not able to hold civil or military offices, nor could they be admitted to its universities, or join municipal and business corporations
The effects of the aging process on the mechanical properties in Al-Cu-Li(2195) alloy
Get PDFThe Alumniurn-Copper-Lithi arn (Al-C u-Li) alloy s are used as aero space materi als du e to thei r low den sity , hig h modulus of elasticity, good resistance to fatigue crack propagation , and excelle nt cryogenic properties. In the current experime nt, Al-Cu-L i (2 195) allo y is se lected to study the effect of the ag ing process on mechanical propertie s. The 2 195 all oy in sheet form is supplied by Lockheed-Marti n, New Orleans. The as-received 2 195 alloy sheet is solution-treated at 5 10 ° C for one hour followed by qu ench ing in wa ter. The Rockwell Hard ness as a functio n of ag ing time at 180 °C fo r the quenc hed shee t is investigated to understand the ag ing behavior of this material. The hardness of the 2 195 alloy increases rapidl y as ag ing time lasts to 4 hours, then increases slowly, and fina lly reaches a maxi mum value after approx imately 16 hours of aging. In addi tion, ten sile tests are per form ed on the 2 195 alloy sheets in the following condition s: as-rece ived, as-quenched, a nd a fter -aged. The results show tha t the afte r-aged specime n ex hibits the high est yie ld stre ngth but lowest du ctilit y co mpared wit h as- receive d and as- quenc hed specimens. The ten sil e testing results are co nsiste nt wi th the hardness tests. This demo nstrates the age hardening proce ss of Al-Cu -Li alloy
Optimization and spectrophotometric comparisons of radiochromic dye (2,3,5-triphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium chloride) in gelatin and agar models: gamma and electron beam irradiations
Get PDFAfter irradiation, the colorless radiochromic dye, 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC), changes to red triphenyl formazan pigment, and the distribution of absorbed dose in the tissue-equivalent gelatin and agar media can be studied. Using solutions 8% by weight gelatin and 8% by weight agar, both with 3 mM citric acid as buffer and 4 mM concentration of dye, the radiation-induced absorbency of a sample slowly decreased with increasing wavelength. In the gel, TTC is very light sensitive, and 7 days after irradiation, becomes less stable. The samples were irradicated by gamma and electron beam. Nine different doses were used for the 60Co gamma source. Each cylindrical sample of a different dose was sliced one day after irradiation and analyzed by UV-V is spectrophotometry. Absorption maxima were obtained at wavelengths of 520 nm and 570 nm. Using accelerated electrons at an energy of 25 MeV generated by MIRF (Medical-Industrial Radiation Facility), the gelatin samples were irradiated at nine different exposure times. In previous studies of this model, only the gelatin was used. Now, some comparisons of the radiochromic dyes in different gel matrices of gelatin and agar at different concentrations to optimize dose sensitivity have been completed. Also, some comparisons of the gelatin samples irradiated in borosilicate glass containers at different doses were performed. Along with studies of the concentration of the gels comparing 8% by weight gelatin to 10% by weight gelatin. After analysis, the gelatin samples were observed to be the better gel media, the 10% gelatin samples were firmer and easier to handle, and the borosilicate glass containers were logistically advantageous for the gelatin samples. The dose response will be observed with both gamma and electron beam irradiation to determine the amount of color change with a spectrophotometer. Studying the dose distribution of the irradiation gelatin and agar tissue models will be significant for the future studies of radiation therapy to estimate dose distribution within patient
1997-1998 Operating Budget (Final Printing)
Get PDFThe Southern University and A & M College Operating Budget for the Fiscal Year 1997-1998
1996-1997 Operating Budget
Get PDFThe Southern University System Board and System Administration 1996-1997 Operating Budget
The effect of new rice technology of [!] income distribution in agricultural households in West Bengal, India
Get PDFThe emergence of the high-yielding varieties (HYVs) as alternatives to traditional varieties (IVS) of wheat, rice, and several other crops has been a major event in many developing countries during the last two decades. The output, income, and employment-augmenting effects of this modern technology have been documented in many regions of the world. The existing studies have focused on aggregate economic· indicators at national, regional, and sectoral levels. However, questions regarding the effects of higher levels of production on the distribution of income among rural families have been asked. This study assesses alternative sources of income supporting agricultural households in West Bengal, India, and determines the extent to which different income sources contribute to greater equality, or to greater inequality, among Indian agricultural households
Optimization of porous-membranes utilized in chlor-alkali technology via the use of porosity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Get PDFA fundamental understanding of porous diaphragm membrane utilized by Dow Chemical Company in the production of chlorine gas and caustic soda, is integral to optimizing its performance. Several factors have been identified as integral components in this effort to optimize the chlorine cell diaphragm. Among these components are the diaphragm\u27s porosity, pore size, thickness and tortuosity. Several methods have been utilized in an effort to determine not only the desired values of each of these variables but also to develop ways of achieving these desired values. Because not all of these variables can be measured directly, other methods of collecting the necessary data have been determined in an effort facilitate the rapid optimization of the porous diaphragm membrane. The primary focus of this thesis is the discussion of the importance of each of these variables to the overall performance of the diaphragm as well as the method of measuring and optimizing each variable. Future efforts in the development of a non-asbestos porous membrane will also be discussed
Computer technology skills of preservice and inservice elementary school teachers
Get PDFThe major purpose of this investigation is to determine the level of computer technology competencies held by both preservice and present teachers. A computer technology survey will be issued to preservice teachers and present teachers to assess their level of computer skills. The results will be grouped into three levels of computer knowledge: awareness, literacy, and application. Secondly this study would like to determine if more computer instruction is being received in the preservice or in the inservice environment. It is hypothesized that most preserved and present teachers will fall into the levels of awareness and literacy. It is also hypothesized that more computer instruction is being delivered through preservice means than through the inservice environment
Aromatherapy and the frequency of use among college students
Get PDFThe goal of the present research was to determine the status of aromatherapy and the frequency of use among college students. A total of seventy-six Southern University students from general psychology classes served as volunteers in the pilot study. The study required the use of a ten-question survey that asked for information pertaining to aromatherapy. It was found that college students use products containing soothing fragrances but are not familiar with the effects
The influence of education on tax compliance
Get PDFThis thesis will explore the effect that education of income tax laws would have on the increase of taxpayer compliance. It will attempt to show that with proper education and information about their income tax reporting an increase in compliance would be the result. The research that will be used for data and statistical purposes will be in the form of a survey. The survey targets Beauty Salons, Barber Shops, and Beauty Schools. This survey will serve as the medium to research the notion of how much income taxpayers actually report. Other social and economic factors such as age, sex, race, marital status, educational level, and number of dependents in a household will also be used to determine how these factors effect income reporting. Experimental data and research articles from magazines, books, journals, and government documents have also been used in this study. This information will be used to discuss the educational aspect of the hypothesis. This research will attempt to show that with education, tax compliance seminars and programs, this would in turn increase tax compliance and decrease the amount of money spent for federal audits and collection processes