2882 research outputs found
Sort by
Area coverage of Globitermes sulphureus termites in oil palm plantation of Felda Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan
No full textGlobitermes sulphureus is one of the most important mound-building subterranean termite species that present in areas of South East Asia including Malaysia and is the significant pest in oil palm plantations. A study on the area coverage of Globitermes sulphureus was conducted in Oil Palm Plantation, Felda Kemahang, Tanah Merah Kelantan. The site has been attacked by Globitermes sulphureus with its mound. The objective of this study was to identify the area coverage for Globitermes sulphureus by attacked on wood baits and to identify the physical parameter of Globitermes sulphureus termite mound at the study site. The methods used for data collection, which is termite baiting system and weekly survey of baits. The baiting system was conducted using Hevea brasiliensis as a wooden bait and was installed in the study area. Approximately 108 survey stakes were used but only 11 were attacked by termite species of Globitermes sulphureus. Maximum foraging distances of the Globitermes sulphureus colonies in this study ranged between 5 m and 15 m. From three sampling sites, Felda Kemahang 2 was found with the higher activity of Globitermes sulphureus. Besides, the physical parameter of Globitermes sulphureus mound for soil pH is acidic, soil temperature optimum which is 26 °C to 33 °C and average for soil moisture is between 1.17 to 1.20. Thus, physical parameters could influence the activity of termite at the study site. This study provides information about foraging activities in oil palm plantation areas. Future research on area coverage of Globitermes sulphureus at Felda Kemahang is recommended because there might be larger area coverage that would be identified in that area
Vegetation analysis based on pleiades images at UMK Agropark
No full textForests play a vital role in sustainable development and provide a range of economic, social and environmental benefits. Fragmentation of the forests brings out the effect of the various stressing factors on the spatial extent of the forests particularly the inappropriate application that increasing population and industrialization, which has constantly affected the forested regions in the form of deforestation for conversion of forest land for cultivation purposes and business purposes. Hence, there is a need for spatial assessment and continuous monitoring of the forested regions. So, it is very crucial to analyse the vegetation at Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) Agropark based on Forest Canopy Density (FCD) to assess the quality of the forest. It is feasible that there is no changes in forest area but the forest canopy density is changed. The research was conducted in UMK Agropark, Jeli, where the study area covers about 462010.53 m2. During this study, the methodology involved is a radiometric correction, reclassified, and parameters such as Advanced Vegetation Index (AVI), Bare Soil Index (BSI) and Canopy Shadow Index (SI) are used to study vegetation of forest area based on FCD and lastly correlation coefficient analysis. Pleiades image in 2018, has been formalized and then utilized in ENVI and ArcGIS 10.2 software to calculate FCD. The final results of the area consist of 29.12% very dense vegetation, 28.59% moderately dense vegetation, 16.50% low dense vegetation, 7.36% shrub and 6.74% bare soil. The highest value of r2 was 0.93 which was scattering plots of FCD versus SI, showing 93% of SI were highly correlated to FCD. This method is beneficial to discover and estimate the vegetation of forest area based on forest canopy density over large place in a time and cost high-quality manner
Development of interactive application for insectarium of natural resources museum, UMK Jeli Campus
No full textThe Natural Resources Museum at Faculty of Earth Science (FSB), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan is one of the faculty's facilities initiatives in collecting, documenting as well as to exhibit the Malaysia's natural resources such as plants, insects and similar arthropods, rocks, minerals and fossil, some of which are the country's invaluable treasures. Insectarium often show and display many types of insects and arthropods. The collection of insects was collected all around Malaysia. Some of the database of the sample has the coordinate of location where they have been found. These displays are available at the Natural Resources Museum, UMK Jeli Campus which able to focus on learning about insects, their types, habitats, the importance and the work of entomologist, arachnologists and other scientists that study terrestrial arthropods and similar animals. Over 1000 species of samples have been collected since the existence of FSB at UMK Jeli Campus in 2010. Only several samples of insects have been taken to be exhibited at school or institution and also during the promotion of the FSB at the state and national level. This project developed the first Android apps for insectarium of Natural Resources Museum, UMK Jeli Campus. By developing this interactive application, the Android apps will help to inculcate the students and people awareness directly towards Natural Resources Museum. The Android apps is successfully develops. About 109 samples have been selected and the images of insects were captured in order to develop the mobile apps. The 109 samples are from nine Order which is Blattodea, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata, Orthoptera and Phasmatodea
Consumers' perception towards meat substitution as a protein source in Kedah
No full textSustainable diets were not practiced in Kedah which might contribute to consumers' health problem. Over-consumption of meat gives impact to human health. The objective of this was to analyse the demographic of consumers' perception towards of meat substitution as a protein source. Next objective was to identify the most influence factor that contributes to the perception of consumers' towards meat substitution as a protein source. Questionnaire was developed based on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) survey model. It was distributed to 384 respondents in Kedah where convenience sampling method was used. Findings were analysed through Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS).The reliability of the questionnaire was identified by using Cronbach's Alpha test and the result was 0.895, and indicating acceptable. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse demographic profile of respondents which included gender, age, marital status, education level, religion, race and monthly income. Exploratory factor analysis revealed seven underlying factors for meat substitution items. From this study, the most influence factor of consumers' perception was (I) quality and marketing, (2) health concern, carbon footprint and animal welfare and (3) healthiness of food and environmental measure. These three factors accounted for 40.4% of variance explained. Understanding on the most influence factor would help meat substitute producers to make improvement on their meat substitute products
Modification of resistant starch content in banana flour using response surface methodology
No full textGreen banana contain an excellent amount of resistant starch. Over the last two decades, resistant starch has drawn a huge attention due to its benefits on human's health. For the last 20 years, Malaysia has recorded one of the highest levels of obesity rate across South East Asia. The green banana flour is an alternative way to help in controlling the number of obesity rate in Malaysia. In this study, the percentage of crystallinity index of banana starch was studied. Experimental design was carried out to study the interaction effects among the parameters on system responses with minimal experimental runs. Three parameters were studied, which are the autoclave time (10 to 60 minutes), addition of palm oil (1 to 10 wt%) and cooling hours (18 to 28 hours) while the responses in this study are crystallinity index (%). Optimisation studies were performed using response surface methodology (RSM). Linear model was chosen for the response and studied using central composite design (CCD). The correlation coefficient, R2 for the linear model of crystallinity index (%) was 0.7544. The interaction effect of parameters were studied using 3D response surface graph and 2D contour plot. The optimum crystallinity index predicted by RSM was found at 47.52% with condition of 10 minutes of autoclave time, 1wt% of addition of palm oil and 18 h of cooling hours at desirability of 0.982. Addition of palm oil has the most significant effect towards the crystallinity index, followed by autoclave time and cooling hours. The structures and crystallinity of the resistant starch sample were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR). The starch showed a C-type crystallinity. Investigation of FTIR spectra of starch helps in successive interpretation and characterization of the key bands
Analysis of heavy metal residue in raw and smoked meat of Corbicula nurninea (Etak)
No full textThis study is about analysis of heavy metal residue in raw and smoked etak or knows as Corbicula Flurninea. Etak is one of the Asian clam in freshwater aquatic ecosystem that usually have been consume as snack in Kelantan that prepare using smoked with herb method as cooking method and this types of snack can be find in wet market and roadside in Kelantan. This study was conducted at University Malaysia Kelantan using raw and smoked etak that was collected from Jeli market used as sample for extraction with acid digestion method. The extraction for both raw and smoked etak were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) to determined concentration of heavy metal residue. The result of Cd concentration in raw "etak" is 0.09 µg/g dry weight and 0.10 µg/g dry weight in smoked "etak", for Cu concentration in raw "etak" is 10.05 µg/g dry weight and in smoked "etak" is 8.73 µg/g dry weight, for Zn concentration in raw "etak" 29.13 µg/g dry weight and in smoked "etak" is 34.92 µg/g dry weight and for Pb concentration in raw "etak" is 0.15 µg/g dry weight and in smoked "etak" is 0.98 µg dry weight. All concentration of heavy metal residue in both raw and smoked etak was lower than permissible concentration by Malaysian Food Regulation (1985) and Food and Agriculture Organization. From this study, consumer can determine consumption heavy metal residue in etak within permissible amount by Malaysian Food Regulation and Food and Agriculture Organization to avoid heavy metal poisoning that will affect human body system
Sensory and physicochemical properties of kenaf leaves (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) herbal drink incorporated with ginger (Zingiber officinale) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)
No full textKenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) was a valuable plant used for fiber and had health benefits like anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It is an alternative crop as wood that has cellulose. This research attempts to utilize the parts of kenaf leaves instead of only using kenaf fiber. Therefore, this study aims to develop the kenaf leaves (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) herbal drink product incorporated with ginger (Zingiber officinale) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as well as evaluate the physicochemical properties of herbal drink and perform a sensory evaluation of herbal drink. This research is to find out the best herbal drink based on the formulation. The formulated kenaf herbal drink was analysed the physicochemical properties of herbal drink such as colour analysis, pH analysis, total soluble solid analysis, antioxidant activity in the herbal drink. The pH values for all herbal drink were ranged from 3.83 to 4.93 while the total soluble solids were 0.13 to 0.23. The antioxidant activity of herbal drink was varied from 63.79% to 92.85%. The DPPH assays result was indicated that Formulation 6 had higher antioxidant activity compared to commercial oolong tea. Sensory evaluation was conducted to find out the most preferences of kenaf herbal drink. Analysis of the sensory demonstrated that Formulation 6 was the most preferences among them
Influences of annealing for silicate glass property
No full textThe glass strength is basically become a problem when relate to the glass surface and its interactions with the environment. This project is trying to point out and increased the understanding of annealing process to strengthen the mechanical strength of soda lime silicate glass. It is to improve the silicate glass strength using different annealing temperature and to observe the physical, structural and mechanical effect of silicate glass. Two different thickness of soda lime silicate glass were used which are 2 mm and 4 mm. The effect of annealing on the soda lime silicate glass at 0°C, 400°C and 600°C for 16 hours on strengthening was investigated. The hardness and density were investigated also in this research. Annealing makes the glass denser, improve the strength, hardness and enhance the compressive stress build-up. The soda lime silicate glass annealed with high temperature which 600 oC has more strength up to 396.24 MPa for 2 mm and 318.84 MPa for 4 mm thicknesses than the lower temperature because of more residual stress relief as it has long time to cool down the glass temperature at constant temperature
Extraction of cellulose from oil palm trunk (opt) by water treated fibre process for bioplastic development
No full textThis study summarized the research on the Extraction of Cellulose from Oil Palm Trunk by Water Treated Fibre Process for the Bioplastic Development as cellulose is a renewable material. Cellulose was chosen to replace synthetic polymers in order to avoid environmental issues occurred. The use of biodegradable polymer like PVA and cellulose can reduce the environmental impact which easy to decompose. However, cellulose need to be reinforced with other matrix materials with high performance of synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in order to improves mechanical properties. The objectives of this study were to prepare and characterize the cellulose extracted from OPT fibre and to produce and characterize biodegradable thin film from cellulose. Firstly, the OPT fibre was being washed with the distilled water to remove the impurities and was dried in the oven for 24 h at 110 °C to ensure the maximum drying. Next, the OPT fibre was undergo the chemical treatment to extract the cellulose. Firstly, the OPT fibre was undergo hot water treated fibre process to remove the extractive such as wax from the OPT fibre. Next, the OPT fibre was undergo the bleaching process to remove the hemicellulose that present in the fibre. Sodium chlorite solution was used as the main material with the help of acetic acid to remove the hemicellulose. It is because, the sodium chlorite solution must be in acidic pH to undergo the process. Last but not least, the OPT fibre was undergo the lignin removal by Kraft process. The process used strong alkaline material, potassium chloride (KOH). The 6 wt. % KOH solution was prepared and the fibre was soaked in the solution for 20 min. This is because, the lignin only dissolve in the alkaline solution. Then the fibre was filtered and dried in the oven and the cellulose fibre was being extracted. Moreover, 10 wt. % of PVA solution and also 25 wt. % glycerine as plasticizer was prepared and being mixed until homogenous. Sample A was prepared by adding 0.5 wt. % of cellulose, Sample B was prepared by adding 1.0 wt. % of cellulose while Sample C was prepared by adding 1.5 wt. % of cellulose. Then, all of the three solution were undergo casting process to get the thin film and were being dried for 48 h. As the result, Sample B has highest percentage of elongation while Sample C has the highest value of Young’s modulus that was 99.572 MPa. The implication of this research was, we can reduce the usage of non-renewable energy such as petroleum. Moreover, can reduce the pollution in the environment because the bio plastic produced from the cellulose can degrade in short period of time
Removal of metanil yellow from aqueous solution using kenaf core fibre as biosorbent
No full textKenaf is a precious fibre plant of the Hibiscus cannabinus family that has many uses in the agricultural industry. Meanwhile, kenaf producing agriculture waste which have little economic value that can be recommended as biosorbent which has ability to remove contaminants from wastewater through adsorption. The main aim of this research is to investigate the efficiency of adsorption process by using kenaf core fibre as biosorbent to remove Metanil yellow dye from aqueous solution. The characteristic of kenaf core fibre was studied using FT-IR analysis. The parameters such as adsorbent dosage, particle size, initial dye concentration at different contact time and pH of dye solution was studied to verify the potential of kenaf core fibre as adsorbent. The results showed that 3 g of 0.125 mm adsorbent in 100 mg/L of Metanil yellow dye concentration for 24 hours at pH 2 was showed the highest percentage of dye removal. The results also showed that the equilibrium data were represented by Freundlich isotherm with correlation coefficients R2 = 0.9957. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity was 0.0179 mg/g. The kinetic data were found to fit pseudo-second-order model equation as compared to pseudo-first-order model. The adsorption of Metanil yellow dye onto the kenaf core fibres was spontaneous