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Fluctuational analysis of nighttime ground level Ozone (03) concentration due to variations in hourly relative humidity
Get PDFGround level ozone (03) is not emitted directly into the atmosphere. It results from photochemical reactions between precursors and influenced by meteorological factors such as relative humidity and temperature. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the influence of relative humidity and temperature in the fluctuation and transformation of 03 Hourly monitoring data of 03, relative humidity and temperature in Shah Alam from 2006 to 2010 were acquired from the Department of Environment (DoE) which then was extract according for nighttime 03 data. Monitoring for three days has been carried out in Shah Alam for primary data collection. Both primary and secondary data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, box and whisker plot, time series and diurnal plot as well as multiple linear regressions (MLR). The result showed that minimum 03 concentration was 0 ppb during 2006 to 2010 year. Meanwhile, the maximum 03 concentration was 91 ppb in 2009.The diurnal pattern of 03 concentration has higher amount during daytime rather than nighttime. This variation between day and night generally coincides influenced by relative humidity and temperature. MLR analysis was use for modeling the 03 concentration. MLR models showed that variations in ozone concentrations were attributed to variation of few meteorological parameters with R2≈O.299. As conclusion, lower humidity increased the amount of ground level ozone concentration and increasing amount of ground level ozone concentration is influence by the higher temperature of its surrounding
Characterization of green space landscape structure in Kota Bharu using landscape ecological approach
Get PDFGlobally, green space landscape structure has been used as tourism attraction in city that can increase the economy of the country in tourism sector. However, lack of management for green space landscape structure because of no characterisation of green space landscape structure have been made and give the impacts such as lack of information about green space landscape for young generation and tourism. Besides, the values of green space landscape and economy of the country will decrease. In this study, the purposes is to characterize three sites of green space landscape structure that have potential for tourism, Taman Perbandaran Tengku Anis, K4 Riding Horse and Splash Water Theme Park in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia for future sustainable ecotourism site management and planning. To characterize the green space landscape structure in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, remote sense data of 2016, Geographical Information System (GIS) and landscape metric are used in this study. From the result in this study, Taman Perbandaran Tengku Anis is found as the most potential ecotourism site compare to K4 Riding Horse and Splash Water Theme Park with low number of patches, high in mean patch area, high in largest patch index and favorable in ecotourism activity. This study is useful for management and development of the green space landscape structure and had produced map of spatial distribution and characterisation of green space landscape which is also can be used for future sustainable ecotourism planning of the green space landscape structure
Wastewater treatment of palm oil mill effluent by activated carbon from palm oil empty fruit bunch
No full textActivated carbon is one of the most effective, versatile and useful adsorbents for the removal of pollutants from polluted gas and liquid streams because of their large adsorption capacities, extremely high surface areas and well developed porous structures, fast adsorption kinetics and good mechanical properties. In this study, activated carbon produced from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was used to remove oil in the palm oil mill effluent. OPEFB agriculture waste was chosen to see its ability in removing oil in wastewater. The empty fruit bunch (EFB) was carbonized in furnace (600 °C), activated with KOH and carbonized again in furnace (800°C). The experiments were performed by varying the contact time with initial concentration of oil and different flow rate as the parameter of adsorption analysis. The study was conducted by the column adsorption method and followed by the gravimetric method to identify the oil removal from wastewater. The activated carbon shows the highest percentage removal for the initial wastewater concentration (100%) after 24 hours contact time was 99.92%. For the flow rate, 1 mL/min show the highest percentage removal of 99.59% compared to 3 mL/min and 5 mL/min. The activated carbon was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The results of the present study indicate that the activated carbon prepared from the empty fruit bunch is a promising candidate as a low-cost bio-adsorbent for the removal of oil from palm oil mill effluent
Diversity and activity pattern of ungulates in state land forest, Merapoh, Pahang
No full textA study of diversity and activity pattern of ungulates by using camera trap was conducted at State Land Forest, Merapoh, Pahang. The main objective of this study are to identify the diversity of ungulates and determine activity pattern of ungulates at State Land Forest. A total of 13 camera traps were used to capture the photographs of ungulates at State Land Forest. A total of four species of ungulates were detected at two location which is UMK09 and UMK11. Wild boar appeared to be the most common ungulate in the camera trap area with 213 images captured, Barking deer, Mousedeer and Malayan tapir with an images captured of 21, 57 and 5 respectively. The activity pattern of each species show Malayan tapir has nocturnal activity and mousedeer, barking deer and wild boar have diurnal activity. Further and advanced study is needed for this study research to obtain more data
Development of interactive application for herbarium of natural resources museum, UMK Jeli Campus
No full textHerbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens maintained for purposed study. The Natural Resources Museum at Faculty of Earth Science (FSB), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) is one of the faculty's facilities initiatives in collection, documenting as well as to exhibit the Malaysia's natural resources such as plants and insects. Since the existence of the FSB at UMK Jeli Campus in 2010, over 400 specimens of herbariums have been collected. This project developed the first of interactive application using web development for herbarium of Natural Resources Museum, UMK Jeli Campus with its Geographic Information System (GIS) application. Each sample of herbarium tagged with their geographic data. The geographic data is essential for making a distribution map of herbarium and to detect where they are located. This interactive application customizes the user experience on the website by putting the visitor in control. The website for herbarium has been successfully developed as designed by putting the pictures of herbarium species that were selected from the Natural Resources Museum, and the database of herbarium are successfully updated by inserting the images and general information of herbarium into the database. There are 13 families of herbarium have been updated which consists of 99 species. Thus, the database of herbarium and development of the website for herbarium are successfully updated and developed, and this project able to promote the collections of the herbariums of Natural Resources Museum to people as the main platform for education in the natural resources, biodiversity, and conservation issues
Distribution of subterranean termite mounds in oil palm plantation of FELDA Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan
No full textOil palm act as an essential export-oriented crop in Malaysia. However, they prone to the infestation of endemic insect pests including termite. Moreover, the lack of insect studies compromising in the oil palm plantation. Hence, this study purposely (i) to identify subterranean termites by the distribution of their nest in an oil palm plantation and (ii) to compare the distribution pattern between genera of the subterranean mound in oil palm plantation. The distribution of subterranean mound was investigated in oil palm plantation of FELDA Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan with three sampling sites covering three estates, FELDA Kemahang 1, 2 and 3. The location of each identified mounds within 50 m X 50 m quadrat was geotagged using GPS. Ten termites from each colony have been collected and preserved in 70% ethanol for species identification. Then, mounds recorded were illustrated using maps generated by ArcGIS 10.3 and spatial patterns were analysed using the nearest-neighbour technique. From the obtained results, there were four genera of subterranean mounds distributed in oil palm plantation of FELDA Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan. The most abundance genus was Odontotermes spp. with 28%, then followed by Globitermes sp., Maerotermes spp. and Microtermes spp. with 26%, 23% and 23% respectively. Macrotermes spp. were found to be distributed randomly to regularly patterns while Microtermes spp. were recorded in aggregated to random pattern. Odontotermes spp. arranged in random to regular pattern and Globitermes sp. in regular to highly aggregated pattern. Termite distribution patterns vary regionally, and various environmental factors, such as vegetation type, habitat disturbance and habitat fragmentation. In oil palm plantation, the spatial arrangements of oil palm planting and the different management practices giving the impact towards the patterns. Besides, surrounding parameter such as soil pH, moisture and temperature could also be additional factors. In addition, since the nearest-neighbour method cannot identify some types of distribution, thus future study could use Morisita's index to analyse the pattern
Effect of salt concentration on enzyme-treated Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL)
No full textBSFL is an ideal protein source for animal feed as it maximize the profit and saving environment through prevent problem of wastage nutrient in the farm. However, the nutrients provided by BSFL are hard for animal to digest and absorb. Inorganic salt with high concentration had been reported has effect on protein denatured. They would destabilize the protein and followed by unfolded of protein which lead to protein denaturation occur. Denatured protein would become amino acid or polypeptides and helps in improve the absorption and digestion of protein. Three sample of salt being used in this study were sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate to examine the effect of salt on protease-treated Black Soldier Fly Larvae. 1, 5 and 10 weight per cent of three different salts was mixed with BSFL for 1 day in the room temperature before it 'treated with BSFL. The protein content was being determined by spectrophotometer. The result obtained showed the protein concentration decreases for all sample with the increasing of salt concentration. Protein concentration of control was 115.5 mg/mL and 11.78% of decreases in protein concentration. There were significantly differences for protein concentration for control and all samples. The percentage of decrease in protein concentration for sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium bicarbonate were higher in 10 weight per cent which were 25.49%, 25.26% and 30.11% in respectively. The order for the different types of salt to reduce the protein content of the BSFL were KCl > NaHCO3 > NaCI. This indicated that high concentration of salt would be more effective for reducing the crude protein of the BSFL. Treated BSFL could improve the animal's digestibility
Detection of exon polymorphism in the. pineapple. terpene synthase through multiple sequence analysis
No full textPineapple (Ananas commis) is popular with its unique characteristics of juicy, strong aroma and high sweetness thus it is not only consumed as fresh fruit but also become favourite choice in downstream food industry. Terpene is the compound in pineapple which act responsible for its aroma and taste profile. In order to determine and characterize the DNA polymorphism of the terpene synthase gene identified among different varieties of pineapple. the gene had been amplified from five different varieties of pineapple to investigate its polymorphism. Total genomic DNA extraction was carried out by SDS method from leaf samples. The five samples were then amplified using PCR with three pairs of primers designed from three exons (out of nine) of the terpene syntahsc gene. The PCR products were sent for sequencing and the data was analysed using Mega 10 software to identify the polymorphism. For exon 2, MD2 have two amino acids variations from others and for Exon 3. seven variations of amino acids were found across the five pineapple varieties. For Exon 6, only the F153 cultivar that was used as the reference showed two variations in amino acid sequence as compared to another five varieties of pineapple. Most amino acid substitutions identified for each exon are from different group of amino acid. which may render the gene product to change its shape and function due to their different chemical properties
Survey on Body Mass Index (BMI) and eating habits among student at University Malaysia Kelantan in Jeli Campus
No full textIn the past year Malaysia has been experiencing a nutritional transition in food choices. As a consequence, the dietary habits of young adults have been affected, thus overweight and obesity are increasingly observed among the young. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity on a sample of students from University Malaysia Kelantan (Jell} as implied from their BMI, to investigate the eating habits among the students and finally, to investigate the correlation between the BMI and their eating habits. There are of 297 respondent involved in this study involving male and female of undergraduate student that have been chosen randomly during October until the end of November 2019. Students were asked to fill out a self-reported questionnaire that included questions on their eating habits, drinking and smoking habits. Also, body mass index was measured. Body mass index (BMI) is used to assess student's weight status. Statistical analyses like descriptive analysis and Chi Square test were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science software (version 20.0) to analyse the respondents' basic information and to determine overweight and obesity among students and to categorize their eating habits. The result showed that 19.5% of the students were overweight, 6.1% were obese, while 58.6% were of normal weight and 15.8% were underweight. In addition, this study found that, the P-value of the chi-square test were greater than 0.05 hence there was not conclusive evidence of a statistical significant relationship between the BMI of students at Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (Jeli Campus) and their eating habits with all of variables in eating habits except for item 'How often you overeating'. There was a relationship between body mass index and overeating in the current study, with a significant difference between categories in the studied sample (P=0.000). The significant value for this variable was less than 0.05 hence there is a conclusive evidence of a relationship between this eating habits and BMI. Therefore, this study is essential to advocate university's student to eat healthy by improving their eating habits and helping private sector or government sector especially Health Ministry in establishing diet-health education programs or promoting healthy dietary and weight management practices either to control or prevent overweight and obesity among the university's student while taking into consideration on the dietary and lifestyle factors, social or even cultural
Development of a floor plan layout and 3d building model for GMP mini factory at UMKJELI Campus, Kelantan.
No full textIn Malaysian economy, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can be a crucial role and also viewed as the influencer of industrial development, for an example food processing industry which meant to transform raw ingredients into food so that they can be eaten by humans or animals. Objectives of this research are to evaluate the defect of the existing building blocks regarding hygiene, green technologies and 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) systems, to sketch the floor plan of the building blocks according to GMP regulations using COOHOM application and to design a 3D building model of the building blocks by using acrylic materials to provide a real-view of the finished project. Methods can be conducted through site visit, record of building defects, sketching original floor plan, upgrading floor plan, designing 3D model and development of model using COOHOM application. Expected outcome of this project is the floor plan layout of the building blocks and a 3D building model which can reduce hassles and ensures project completed successfully. Improvised floor plan followed by GMP regulations and a 3D building model will assist entrepreneurs in establishing hygienic food processing industry in order to fulfil food safety and security