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An impedimetric determination of zearalenone on MIP-modified carboceramic electrode
No full textZearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin that poses significant risks to human and animal health due to its mutagenic, immunosuppressive, and carcinogenic properties. This study presents a novel analytical method for detecting ZEN using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) combined with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). ZEN, used as the template molecule, was incorporated into polypyrrole on screen-printed electrodes (SPE), and a ZEN-sensitive MIP sensor was created through template removal. The modified sensor surfaces were characterized by EIS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An impedimetric MIP sensor for ZEN was developed, offering a detection range from 1 pM to 500 pM. The method's limit of detection (LOD) was established at 1 pM (0.3 pg/mL) with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 (S/N = 3). The method demonstrated high precision and accuracy, with a maximum relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 4.4% at a 95% confidence level, and relative error (RE) values ranging from -0.8% to -2.7%. The selectivity of the developed MIP sensor was evaluated using ochratoxin A, ochratoxin B, and aflatoxin B1, with no significant interference observed. ZEN recovery from spiked samples was between 95% and 105%, indicating that the method was successfully applied to grain samples, including corn, rice, and wheat.TUBITAK 2209-A- Research Project Support Program [1919B012108952]; Kutahya Dumlupinar University [2022-60]This study was supported by the TUBITAK 2209-A-Research Project Support Program, under project number 1919B012108952. Addition-ally, the authors would like to thank Kutahya Dumlupinar University for the financial contribution to this study through the BAP project numbered 2022-60
Assessing experiential performance in basketball halls: a comparative measure through post-occupancy evaluation
No full textDesigning architectural spaces that effectively cater to the dynamic and evolving needs of diverse user groups is a complex and challenging task. This complexity is especially pronounced in public spaces like basketball halls, which must accommodate a wide range of user needs and have specific spatial requirements to ensure optimal functionality and user satisfaction. This study introduces a novel measure for comparing qualitative data obtained from Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) studies in basketball halls. POE is a powerful tool for assessing how well a building meets its intended purpose and user needs after a period of occupancy. However, comparing the success of different buildings can be challenging when evaluations are based on qualitative data. To address this issue, our measure incorporates the perspectives of key decision-makers involved in different stages of the building's lifecycle: the designer, facility manager, and sports manager. These perspectives are integrated using the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method SWARA. The validity of the proposed measure was tested through a field study. Results demonstrate its effectiveness in enabling the comparison of user-based qualitative data, offering a valuable tool for evaluating the experiential performance of basketball halls, a building type underrepresented in POE studies to date.Gazi Teknopark Ankara Turkey and Gazi University Department of ArchitectureThe research presented in this paper was supported by Innoarc Arge Ltd. Gazi Teknopark Ankara Turkey and Gazi University Department of Architecture
Electronic and magnetic properties of boron substituted CuFeO2 delafossite oxide
No full textSynchrotron x-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) were used to investigate the crystal and electronic properties of boron-substituted CuFeO2 material at room temperature. Without boron substitution, the polycrystalline structures of the trigonal (rhombohedral) Rm' over bar m' CuFeO2 (87.7%) and hexagonal 'P63/mmc' (12.3%), which were also present in each sample but in different proportions, were utilised to identify the base material. XRD patterns revealed that, beyond 10% boron substitution, the metal-oxygen bonds (Fe-O and Cu-O) weakened, resulting in the formation of new tetragonal 'I41/amd' CuFe2O4 crystals. Although the CuFeO2 structure was preserved, it is conceivable that the presence of other crystal structures could lead to the formation of new features. This state arose as a result of CuFe2O4 crystallization and the impact of boron activity on the surrounding oxygen structures. By measuring magnetisation at both swept temperatures (10-300 K) and applied magnetic fields (+/- 30 kOe), the magnetic properties of the samples were investigated. In the 10-300 K temperature range, the polycrystalline samples exhibit a ferromagnetic property without a magnetic phase transition. This suggests that replacing B with Fe in CuFe(1-x)BxO(2 )does not influence the primary magnetic property of CuFeO2. The samples' saturation magnetisation (Ms) values gradually fall as the B substitution content increases with Fe. This is because there's a chance that the non-transition metal B in CuFe1-xBxO(2) will boost antiferromagnetic superexchange Cu-O interactions while lowering the p-d exchange interaction.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [53325897-115.02-152809]This study is partly supported by the 2219 program of The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with Ref. No. 53325897-115.02-152809
Very Short-Term Reactive Power Forecasting Using Machine Learning-Based Algorithms
No full text9th International Youth Conference on Energy (IYCE) -- JUL 02-06, 2024 -- Colmar, FRANCEThe growing popularity of microgrids and distributed generation has encouraged further research into the accurate regulation of the electrical grid, especially with consideration to the intricate variations in reactive power and fluctuating power factors. Reactive power, which encompasses the power consumed and produced by the inductive and capacitive elements of a power system, is crucial for maintaining stable and secure grid operation as well as for minimising power losses and enhancing voltage profiles. Reactive power forecasting (RPF) is a critical aspect of power forecasting, especially in the context of ensuring the stability and reliability of the power grid. The application of machine learning (ML) algorithms in RPF provides benefits such as enhanced forecast precision, the capacity to address challenges related to renewable energy integration, maintaining efficient energy resource management, and ultimately improving the consistency of the power grid. This paper delves into the research and implementation of real-time very short-term RPF by employing long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) networks, and extreme gradient boosted decision trees (XGBoost) in a large hospital complex situated in Adana, Turkiye. Consequently, utilised algorithms have been compared in terms of coefficient of determination (R-2), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and mean absolute scaled error (MASE). There is a lack of real-time applications of RPF in the existing literature and this study aims to address this gap while also providing support to future researchers in this area.Student Assoc Energy,Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Budapest Univ Technol & Econ Student Branch Chapter,Assoc Energy Engineers Hungary Student Chapte
The Impact of Homogenization Techniques and Conditions on Water-In-Oil Emulsions for Casein Hydrolysate-Loaded Double Emulsions: A Comparative Study
No full textThis study aims to evaluate homogenization techniques and conditions for producing stable, small droplet-size water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions intended for incorporation into casein hydrolysate-loaded double emulsions. Three commonly used homogenization methods; rotor-stator, ultrasonic, and high-pressure homogenization were individually optimized utilizing response surface methodology. Instances of over-processing were observed, particularly with the rotor-stator and ultrasonic homogenizers under specific conditions. Nevertheless, optimal conditions were identified for each technique: 530 s at 17,800 rpm agitation speed for the rotor-stator homogenizer, 139 s at 39% amplitude for the ultrasonic homogenizer, and 520 s at 1475 bar for the high-pressure homogenizer. Subsequently, the W/O emulsions produced under optimal conditions and their respective W1/O/W2 double emulsions were compared. The rotor-stator and high-pressure homogenized W/O emulsions exhibited comparable narrow droplet-size distributions, as indicated by similar Span values. However, high-pressure homogenization failed to sufficiently minimize droplet size. Ultrasonic homogenization resulted in droplets at the 1-mu m scale but yielded more polydisperse droplet-size distribution. According to TOPSIS analysis, an emulsion with a viscosity of 93.1 cP (centiPoise), a stability index of 93.8%, a D(90) of 0.67 mu m (0th day), and a D(90) of 0.75 mu m (30th day) produced using a rotor-stator was selected. Additionally, double emulsions containing primary emulsions prepared with the rotor-stator method demonstrated higher viscosity, narrower droplet-size distribution, and lower creaming compared to other samples. This investigation sheds light on the influence of homogenization techniques on emulsion properties, providing valuable insights for optimizing double emulsion formulations. This study optimizes homogenization techniques for water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions in double emulsions. Rotor-stator, ultrasonic, and high-pressure homogenization methods were optimized based on emulsions' viscosity, stability, and droplet size in both W/O and double emulsions. This research offers insights for refining double emulsion formulations by considering the impact of homogenization techniques on emulsion properties.imageTrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arascedil;timath;rma Kurumu [120O763]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)This work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [project no: 120O763]. The authors would like to thank Palsgaard and Croda for providing emulsifiers
Classification of Intensive-less Intensive and Related-Unrelated Tasks
No full textThis study investigates the classification of electrical brain activity during intensive-less intensive and related-unrelated tasks. EEG signals were collected from 20 physically and mentally healthy university students (15 males, 5 females) residing in Adana and Hatay, Turkey, through 14 channels. Continuous Wavelet Transform analysis was applied for feature extraction. Subsequently, subject-dependent and subject-independent classifications were performed using the k-nearest Neighbour algorithm. In subjectdependent classification, the accuracy range for intensive-less intensive tasks varied between 77.6% and 89.8%, while the range for related-unrelated tasks was between 73.2% and 88%. Subject-independent classification yielded an accuracy of 79.2% for intensive-less intensive tasks and 77.5% for related unrelated tasks. © IJCESENAdana Alparslan Türkeş Bilim ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi, ATÜ, (20832001
Adana'da Covid-19 pandemisi sonrası catering ve fast-food zincirlerinde gıda güvenliği süreçlerinin sayısal yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesi
No full textLisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İşletme (İngilizce) Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmada, Adana, Türkiye'deki catering endüstrisi ve fast-food zincirlerinde COVID-19 pandemisinin gıda güvenliği uygulamalarına etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Restoranlardan gıda üretim şirketlerine kadar çeşitli gıda ile ilgili işletmeleri temsil eden 103 katılımcı üzerinde anketler yapılmıştır. Çalışma, şirket karakteristiklerini, boyutu, iş türünü, çalışan sayısını ve gıda güvenliği yönetim sistemi (GGYS) durumunu incelemektedir. Ayrıca, katılımcılar ile COVID-19 ile ilişkilendirilen gıda güvenliği önlemlerini tartışılmıştır. Sonuçlar, çoğunluğun gıda güvenliği yönetimi için Tehlike Analizi ve Kritik Kontrol Noktaları (HACCP) sistemlerini uyguladığını göstermiştir. Çoğu işletmenin, GGYS içinde pandemileri potansiyel acil durumlar olarak tanıdığı; ancak, personel eğitimi ve kaynak temini konusunda farklılıkları bulunduğu belirlnemiştir. Katılımcılar, ekipman/ham madde hijyenini ve personel farkındalığını önceliklendirmiştir. Genel olarak, çalışma, COVID-19 pandemisi gibi krizler sırasında gıda güvenliği direncini sağlamak için proaktif önlemlerin ve sürekli adapte olmanın önemini vurgulamaktadır.This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food safety practices within the catering industry and fast-food chains in Adana, Turkey. Surveys were conducted among 103 participants representing various food-related businesses, ranging from restaurants to food manufacturing companies. The study examined company characteristics, including size, type of business, employee count, and food safety management system (FSMS) status. Additionally, participants ranked COVID-19 attributes associated with food safety measures. Results revealed a predominance of medium and large-sized establishments, with the majority implementing Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) systems for food safety management. While most companies recognized pandemics as potential emergency situations within their FSMS, there were discrepancies in staff training and resource availability. Participants prioritized measures such as hygiene of utensils/raw materials and staff awareness. Overall, the study underscores the importance of proactive measures and continuous adaptation to ensure food safety resilience during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic
From Local Issues to Global Impacts: Evidence of Air Pollution for Romania and Turkey
No full textAir pollution significantly threatens human health and natural ecosystems and requires urgent attention from decision makers. The fight against air pollution begins with the rigorous monitoring of its levels, followed by intelligent statistical analysis and the application of advanced machine learning algorithms. To effectively reduce air pollution, decision makers must focus on reducing primary sources such as industrial plants and obsolete vehicles, as well as policies that encourage the adoption of clean energy sources. In this study, data analysis was performed for the first time to evaluate air pollution based on the SPSS program. Correlation coefficients between meteorological parameters and particulate matter concentrations (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) were calculated in two urban regions of Romania (Craiova and Drobeta-Turnu Severin) and Turkey (Adana). This study establishes strong relationships between PM concentrations and meteorological parameters with correlation coefficients ranging from -0.617 (between temperature and relative humidity) to 0.998 (between PMs). It shows negative correlations between temperature and particulate matter (-0.241 in Romania and -0.173 in Turkey) and the effects of humidity ranging from moderately positive correlations with PMs (up to 0.360 in Turkey), highlighting the valuable insights offered by independent PM sensor networks in assessing and improving air quality.European Union [2021-1-RO01-KA220-HED-000030286]The support of the Advtech_AirPollution project (Applying some advanced technologies in teaching and research concerning air pollution, 2021-1-RO01-KA220-HED-000030286) funded by the European Union within the framework of the Erasmus+ Program is gratefully acknowledged
Veblen on the Crossroad: Global Pharmaceuticals and Financialization of Vaccine Production in the Pandemic Period
No full textIn the present study, I explore the link between COVID-19 vaccine patents and their financialization within the institutional economics framework. Thorstein Veblen's main assumptions related to financialization of intangible assets are valid for the pharmaceutical firms that produced COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic. In this context, the effects of patent applications on the financialization of pharmaceutical firms are investigated for companies that took government grants for vaccine production. These firms are examined in a comparative way in the present study. The market figures, the investigation of the relevant firm-level data, and the institutional setting suggest that the COVID-19 vaccine patents-financialization nexus is well defined in the Veblenian framework during the pandemic
Design and process optimisation of double emulsions loaded with casein hydrolysate
No full textWater-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) emulsions show promise for encapsulating hydrophilic active substances. However, the low stability of W1/O/W2 hinders its use for encapsulation purposes, and peptide encapsulation has challenges due to its surface-active properties. This study aimed to determine the appropriate formulation based on turbidity and encapsulation efficiency, as well as the optimal production parameters (ultrasound amplitude and time) for double emulsions containing casein hydrolysate, with a focus on the second homogenisation stage. Double emulsions were produced with three different emulsifiers (polysorbates 20, 60, or 80) at different concentrations (0.25%, 1%, or 1.75%) and dispersed phase ratios (10%, 20%, or 30%) using an ultrasound homogeniser. The results indicated that dispersed phase ratios and emulsifier concentrations had higher impact on emulsion properties than emulsifier types. A stable emulsion with high encapsulation efficiency was achieved with 1% polysorbate 20 and a 30% dispersed phase ratio, using sonication at 54% amplitude for 66 s. (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [120O763]This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (project no: 120O763) . The authors are also grateful to Croda, Palsgaard and Novozymes for providing the samples