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Gender Differences in Risk Perception and Motives for Alcohol Use
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/b90dfa8e-4462-4378-8a6f-6ffcd81bddb9/thumb/128.jpgI sought to investigate how motives for drinking and perception of risk leads people who identify as different genders experience disparate alcohol related risks. My study included a national sample of 225 emerging adults aged 18- 25 years (Mage = 22.09; SD = 2.08; 66.17% white; 37.33% cismen, 40.44% ciswomen, 22.22% gender diverse). Participants completed the Collegiate-Simulated Intoxication Digital Elicitation task (C-SIDE), an auditory drinking simulation, and answered several questionnaires about their drinking habits, risk perception (RP), and willingness to accept alcohol during the simulation (BW). They also gave unstructured think alouds where they gave their reactions to the C-SIDE. Using a mixed methods cross-sectional design, I hypothesized that the relation between RP and drinking and between motives and problematic drinking would be moderated by gender. I found one interaction in support of hypothesis: RP and willingness to accept alcohol for GD participants (vs. ciswomen), b = 0.37, SE = 0.19; 95% CI [0.00, 0.74], p = 0.05. However, upon probing the interaction, the contrasts of marginal linear predictions were not statistically significant F(2, 219) = 2.16, p = 0.12. Patterns suggested that GD decisions to drink were irrespective of risk perception. Qualitative results propose that GD people may experience drinking for enhancement as synonymous with coping. However, these patterns should be examined further, as understanding the impact of gendered perspectives on drinking can improve research methods and prevention of drinking-related consequences across gender
A Kinetic Investigation into the Mechanism of Pt--Me Bond Protonolysis
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/01482237-19bd-4e97-949f-76b5d714da48/thumb/128.jpgIsotopically substituted reactants can have different reaction rates. Kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are a ratio of these rates. For the cleavage of C–H bonds, KIEs in the range of 1 to 7 can be rationalized through semiclassical and quantum mechanical means, but KIEs larger than this are observed in some organometallic systems and remain unexplained. One such system is the protonolysis of (cod)PtMe2 (where cod is 1,5-cyclooctadiene) by trifluoracetic acid (TFAH). Two types of mechanisms, SE2 and SE(ox), have been proposed for this reaction, but the Bowring group published a detailed mechanistic study of the system in 2022 concluding neither mechanism was feasible because i) two equivalents of TFAH were required for the reaction to go to completion and ii) the reaction had multiple steps. Since the publication of that paper, the Bowring group has hypothesized TFAH dimerization could be contributing to the large and variable KIE observed for the reaction. In this thesis, bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfonamide (HNTf2), an organic superacid that is not known to dimerize, was chosen and used in the protonolysis of (cod)PtMe2 in order to provide a comparison to the rate behavior of TFAH and test the hypothesis. Small KIEs (1.9 ± 0.1 s-1 at a higher concentration of acid, 1.4 ± 0.1 s-1 at a lower concentration) were observed for the reaction of (cod)PtMe2 with HNTf2 at two concentrations. It was also demonstrated that only 1 equivalent of HNTf2 was necessary for the reaction to reach completion. The starkly different kinetic behavior of HNTF2 compared to TFAH supports the Bowring group’s hypothesis that TFAH dimerization contributes to the large KIE observed in its reaction with (cod)PtMe2
Associations Between Peer Attachment, Quality of Life, and the Use of Alcohol and other Drugs
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/46a7d797-55db-4a00-b38a-84b0d31d412e/thumb/128.jpgThe purpose of this thesis was to explore associations between peer attachment, quality of life (QoL), and alcohol and other drug (AoD) use in a collegiate environment. Seventy-seven (Mage = 20; SD = 1.45) students were recruited from Reed College. Participants were asked to complete an online self-report survey of peer attachment, quality of life, and AoD use and problem measures. My first hypothesis was that the peer attachment in the areas of trust, communication, and alienation would have a positive association with the QoL measures of physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental health. The second hypothesis was that a negative association would be seen between QoL and participants AoD consumption and misuse/abuse. The final hypothesis was that there would be a negative relationship between QoL and the perceived substance consumption of friends. I found that hypothesis one was moderately supported, and hypothesis two was slightly supported as there was one association found. The last hypothesis found no supporting evidence. These results, if replicated, could provide guidance to colleges and universities about areas to address in the prevention AoD issues
Hear Us Scream: Exploring Trans Voices/Expressions in Music
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/15f0e3f5-81c8-4e80-bf6c-158339141980/thumb/128.jpg"What does it mean to be trans in this ever-changing world? What examples and representations of transness are in music across history and today? What can we learn through studying these examples in understanding identity, self-expression, gender expression, and representation? How does the role of personas offer a vehicle toward this self-expression? How have the voices and music of trans artists inspired, mourned, and uplifted trans people? How do these artists advance a broader inclusion in music and society? I will address these questions in a two-part thesis including a written component exploring literature and media including trans representation in music and a creative component in the form of a recording album that focuses onmy personal experience as a trans person. The trans experience is not a monolith, and my thesis will be one of a web of many voices that work to make our experiences visible, understood, and appreciated. My paper will comprise of two main sections: The first will be a culmination of my research: first, defining what it means to be trans, and how that meaning has changed over time, how it is shifting now, and how the world is shifting around it. This will include a general history and historical perspective of transness, a timeline of trans representation in music, and case studies of trans artists, engaging with particular representations of transness. Through this spectrum, with particular influences from transgender artists Arca, Ethel Cain, and indie band Home Is Where – my aim is to create a coherent way to represent this lineage which has encouraged my original album, Changeling. The second portion will be a space for me to explore my personal understanding and experiences of transness, and offer my contribution to the scholarly conversation. I will primarily discuss my lyrics, and the headspace from which they were drawn. I will discuss the relevant topics I confront in my music and compare my experiences to those of other trans artists, engaging with their ideas. In tracing the stories that trans musicians have been telling for decades, I will work to understand and respect the conversation I’m engaging in, and thoughtfully contribute my voice to this story, in hopes of making this world a better, safer place, more open to accepting and supporting people like me. For my creative portfolio – I have written, composed, recorded, and produced a nine-song album based primarily on my trans experience. It is influenced both by the artists I researched and listened to over the course of this project, as well as my personal tastes and influences, which vary vastly, but include artists from the genres of riot grrrl, math rock, hardcore, neopsychedelia, and punk. For its instrumentation, I have recorded my own guitar, bass, and vocals, and midi tracked bass, drums, and other effects. I am responsible for all composition, execution, and production elements.
“If you wait in the systems, you're just not going to get helped:” Uncertainty and Strategies of Agency Within Medical Institutions for Patients With Contested Illness
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/86e46239-cb7a-418c-9e55-30184bb9bd4b/thumb/128.jpgWhen considering how illness and ailments get treated and “cured” by medicine, many of us might have a clear delineation of what the process should look like: symptoms emerge, and they are slotted into a diagnostic classification by a medical professional who can, from this, draw up a clear and concise treatment plan for the condition. However, this is not always the case, especially for patients with illnesses and syndromes that are “contested” such as Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, which lack a clearly accepted biomedical basis or concise diagnostic marker and, therefore, are not clearly or concisely understood agreed upon by medical professionals. This thesis, thus, begs the question of how patients experiencing these symptoms and syndromes access help and navigate medical institutions when their complex experiences of illnesses do not align with the normative logics of medicine. Using qualitative data from 9 interviews with Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue patients, I argue that this incongruency between the logics of medicine and the experience of contested illness leads to patients taking on self-directed action within their own process of treatment, more than what is necessarily “encouraged” by medical professionals because, if they were not to do so, they would not receive help at all. They utilize many strategies to this end, both acting within normative institutions of medicine to actualize care (i.e., demanding services in the doctor’s office) and outside of these structures, using personalized and individualized external research and the formation of illness mutual aid networks to help one another. I mark this as a resistance to the normative, one-size-fits-all logics of medicine, and productive utilization of both logics of medicine and experiences of (contested) illness in the process of actualizing care
Female Agency and Interstitial Spaces in Medieval Romances
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/16df7e6b-45aa-4f26-b39b-8da90504f94d/thumb/128.jpgHeroines in medieval romances occupy a uniquely dual position. They typically occupy positions of power as part of the noble class, while at the same time are offered only limited opportunities to exercise their power. In this thesis, I aim to illuminate a common strategy for female characters to exercise agency within the strictures of medieval romances. I argue that interstitial spaces provide spheres of action apart from the expectations of medieval patriarchal society and courtly conventions, allowing female characters to deliberate, make decisions, and exercise their agency beyond the typical constraints of their social roles as romantic heroines and women of the nobility. I define interstitial spaces as liminal physical or conceptual spaces, often found in nature or in passages of transition between established static settings in medieval romance narratives. The magical garden which houses the “Joy of the Court” in Erec and Enide, the Lover’s Cave in Tristan, and Diana’s temple in The Knight’s Tale each serve as examples of interstitial spaces which I will analyze. Drawing from Michel de Certeau’s conception of space as constituted by its component agents and Judith Butler’s similar construction of gender as a repeated practice, I demonstrate how romantic heroines exploit the gaps in social constriction that the interstitial spaces of their respective worlds provide, demonstrating their ability to transcend social conventions and express agentic potential
Knock Knock, Who's There? Sound Production in Julidochromis
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/d6f4893e-fee6-4973-b770-a4b3f64f1334/thumb/128.jpgAcoustic communication in fish is a growing field, and many African cichlids originating in Lake Victoria and Lake Malawi have been found to produce noises during courtship and territorial disputes. Despite the body of literature on cichlids originating from Lake Malawi and Lake Victoria, there is little known about how acoustic communication may have changed and evolved in species from Lake Tanganyika, potentially playing a role in interspecific mate recognition and subsequent speciation of visually similar species. Here, we describe a novel form of sound production in two species of African cichlids, J. transcriptus and J. marlieri, which originate from Lake Tanganyika. This form of sound production, like in other described cichlids, occurs simultaneously with the courtship-associated behavior known as quivering, but rather than being primarily biologically produced, J. transcriptus and J. marlieri use a physical substrate. We focus on the acoustic qualities of this noise and explore how this noise production may play a role in intraspecific multimodal communication
Grandpa's in the Shed
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/21c097ed-b325-4715-b345-bc585bb288e8/thumb/128.jpgThis paper will discuss the themes of Grandpa’s in the Shed, as well as the process of its creation. I aim to show the inspirations behind the story as well as my journey in bringing it to life. Ideas behind what makes imagery “scary,” discussing specific artists and the principles behind their work. I will also be discussing themes of grief and loss, its effect on human psychology, as well as steps that can be taken to overcome them
Sharing Soup and Stories
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/45321ff9-24f5-490d-a66b-d05d3b319522/thumb/128.jpgThere is a whole story in me not knowing about my family history or cultural identity. Upon revisiting a family history project I had done in 4th grade, I recognized and identified many questions I still had for my family that remained unaddressed. I used a variety of different mediums I have learned in my life and practiced these both alone and collaboratively with my family. By spending time with these mediums, I reflected on the people I learned them from, and the stories and identities we shared. Working with these mediums produced tools for opening dialogues and strengthening relationships, both within my family in Denver, Colorado and within my community away from home in Portland, Oregon. As we spent time with one another, my knowledge of my family’s history expanded with every story shared. I came to new understandings about my cultural identity, and how my sense of identity was impacted by events both past and present in my family member’s lives. I began this exploration through learning to cook Beer Cheese soup, a meal that my family gathers and continues to share every year and serving this soup in Portland. These meals, informed by the importance of eating and cooking with one another, highlight the interconnectedness of building new community with my own formation of self-identity. Four years have passed since I moved away from home, and these activities connected me with communities in both places. Through conversation about and around this soup with my family, I reflected on the interrelatedness of the food we ate together and our shared identities. As support for these dialogues in the kitchen, I created a variety of wooden cooking tools for my family. I learned to make cutting boards, lefse sticks, and a soup ladle. My focus on handmade craft reflects upon my own process of understanding. I made these tools from scratch to reflect on the labor of creation, as well as the long-held tradition of handmade gift-giving within my family. These objects have immediate utility as cooking tools, and dually function as vessels for dialogue and new shared experiences. Furthermore, I considered the non-food tools and skills shared with me during my childhood and communicated about them with my respective family members. This included paralleling my Uncle Mark’s travels using his backpack and panniers, as well as painting collaboratively with my grandpa. Informed by what I knew in 4th grade; my work is a contemporary reflection of my family and myself. By opening these dialogues, my family relationships changed. The answers to questions I had about my self-identity and family history were discovered in open dialogue with my family members. Most importantly, the stories and time we shared together strengthened our relationships and brought use closer in the here and now
Delayed Relay Feedback Control for an Inverted Pendulum
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/9c664b80-7ad8-414c-8b8c-8507af2e57f9/thumb/128.jpgThis thesis attempts an implementation of a time delayed relay feedback controller on a rotary inverted pendulum. Feedback controllers always experience some level of delay, and in instances where that delay cannot be reduced by clever engineering, standard linear feedback controllers will always fail above some critical amount of delay. Thus, to control systems in the presence of large feedback delays, non-standard control schemes need to be employed. The structure of the controller used in this thesis is based on the theoretical work done in J. Sieber, “Dynamics of delayed relay systems,” Nonlinearity 19, 2489 (2006). This thesis derives a model for the rotary inverted pendulum, applies Sieber’s controller design technique to said model, and displays data for the experimental implementation of the controller. The experimental implementation failed to produce the expected convergence to small oscillations about the inverted position due to the structure of the dynamics for a physical rotary inverted pendulum