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Spectral Shifts: Understanding the Collaborative Pianist Through Genre, Listening Habits, Partnership, and Practice
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/8f9d4a01-5b62-4d8e-a5dc-bad16eded487/thumb/128.jpgOver the past several decades, a titular shift has taken place from “accompanist” to “collaborative pianist” to describe the pianist who works with artistic counterparts. Though it is one of its many roles, the collaborative pianist does not only accompany and the shift in titles attempts to capture the diverse continuum of roles and responsibilities of this often-overlooked musician. This thesis explores the multiplicitous roles that the pianist assumes in all facets of collaboration and the affects that these spectral roles have on collaborative artistry. The pianist’s spectrums of roles are explored in three parts. The first spectrum is explored by way of the diverse continuum of education programs, responsibilities, jobs, and gigs the pianist assumes, from musical theater auditions to opera rehearsals to funerals. Next, I use Mélanie Bonis’ Sonata for Cello and Piano, Op. 67 to explore the pianist’s spectrum of roles in collaborative repertoire: the accompanimental piano, the soloist piano, and the dialogic relationship between the piano and its counterpart. The second chapter ends with an exploration into the piano’s unique capability for atmospheric control as a cause of its three spectral roles. Finally, I use my senior recital presented on March 22, 2024 and experience as a collaborative pianist to present how the roles shift depending upon performance, practice, partnership, power dynamics, and stylistic adjustments. Economics and working implications are explored. Understanding the collaborative pianist’s diverse spectrum of roles and responsibilities promotes alternative ways for listening to music and collaborations. The collaborative pianist is equal to its artistic partners and if considered as such, much can be gained from these interpersonal partnerships and composed relationships, benefiting and ameliorating all facets of collaborative artistry
Combining FANS and snRNA-seq to Better Investigate Endopolyploidy In Glycine Max
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/daf59adb-90b2-41d0-8423-11cae904dcb7/thumb/128.jpgEndoreplication (somatic genome doubling), leading to endopolyploid cells, is common in angiosperms, and plays roles in such varied processes as cell fate determination and maintenance, growth and development, specialized metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stress. However, the precise patterns and effects of endopolyploidy are difficult to assess because typical plant organs are composed of multiple cell types with multiple levels of endopolyploidy. This is true of the nitrogen-fixing nodules of soybean (Glycine max), which consist of approximately 11 distinct cell types, some of which undergo one or more rounds of endoreplication. To elucidate the rates of endoreplication and its effect on transcription in soybean nodules and determine how these vary by cell type and extent of endoreplication respectively, we sorted nuclei by ploidy level (2C, 4C, and ≥8C) and performed single nucleus RNA Sequencing (snRNA-Seq). Transcriptome profiles were obtained from ca. 6000 2C, 5000 4C and 4000 ≥8C nuclei. Using Seurat V5, we created 11 UMAP clusters based on these profiles and assigned cell types to 7 of them using a set of marker genes. We found that the fraction of cells of each ploidy level varied dramatically by cell type, with cells of the infection zone showing the highest levels of endopolyploidy cells, which is consistent with previous work showing that endopolyploidy accompanies infection and is required to form fully functional nodules. We found that the number of transcripts per nucleus increased ~1.6 fold between 4C and 2C nuclei. We compiled the most significant differentially expressed genes into a list of new potential marker genes for diploid (19 genes), tetraploid, (29 genes), and octoploid+ (39 genes) nuclei, both specifically within the infection zone and across all clusters. We also found overlaps between some of our marker genes and those found in previous studies using different methods
“The Zenith of Her Agony”: The Cinematic and Literary Memory of the Sexually-Violated, Jewish Woman in The Pawnbroker
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/40907c73-7c4d-447f-972e-8259ba289933/thumb/128.jpgWithin fictional Holocaust media, the tropic sexual suffering of the Jewish woman is full of symbolic portent, functioning as an arbiter in which greater cultural, national, and personal narratives are told around. From Schindler’s List to Illsa, She Wolf of the SS, this is no exception for American representations of the Holocaust. Though geographically estranged from the European catastrophe, Jewish American novelist Edward Lewis Wallant uniquely mechanizes the sexually-violated Jewish woman as a catalyst for redemption within his novel The Pawnbroker (1961). Sol Nazerman, an “ugly survivor”, is haunted by the flashbacks of his counter-reality, including the repressed image of his wife’s assault in the concentration camp. Through perspective shifts and literary allusions, Wallant presents the sexually-violated, Jewish woman through the counter-reality of the male survivor; the persistent image of his wife’s rape is what pushes the protagonist to seek redemption, thus defining counter-reality as a space of potential redemption. Jewish American director Sidney Lumet’s cinematic adaption of The Pawnbroker (1964) strips counter-reality of its redemptive potential by redefining Sol Nazerman as a “psychotic survivor.” Through Lumet’s embrace of the crosscut, the counter-reality image of female sexual suffering becomes a symptom of the male survivor’s psychological degradation, as well as his subjective understanding of the Holocaust. Through the peculiar beams of text and cinema, The Pawnbroker illuminates the sexually-violated, Jewish woman as integral to the narrative of the male survivor
BNOF: Porous organic crystals in aromatic solvents
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/ea42eb5d-5c1a-4050-bf71-28637dc99937/thumb/128.jpgIn the past 5 years, Boron-Nitrogen Organic Frameworks (BNOFs) have gained notoriety in the fields of molecular engineering and organic chemistry for their variety of uses and applications. BNOFs have been employed as self-assembling molecular structures with reversible covalent character. This thesis employs synthetic strategies of supramolecular chemistry to design porous crystalline “sponges” that show promise in absorbing a wide variety of chemical compounds found in liquid petroleum gas. Potential uses for BNOF include solvent separation, purification, and encapsulation of polycyclic contaminants
From Bottles to Biodegradation: Investigating Crystal Polymorphism for Chemo-Microbial Plastic Degradation
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/57f22f35-67cd-4c1b-af1c-94c17e1f75b7/thumb/128.jpgThe widespread usage of single-use plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has heavily contributed to the global plastic pollution crisis. While some plastic waste is recycled, the vast majority ends up in landfills or in the environment, necessitating the improvement and development of recycling methods. Recently, an environmental consortium of three Pseudomonas and two Bacillus species was discovered to degrade PET, the plastic in single-use water bottles and packaging. Building off this work, a chemo-microbial degradation process for post-consumer PET plastic was established, consisting of the depolymerization of PET to form bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) followed by the complete degradation of the BHET glycolysis product by the bacterial consortium. The BHET produced during PET depolymerization consists of two polymorphic forms, HETPAL and HETPAL02, that have varied physical characteristics due to differences in crystal structure. This thesis investigates the effect of BHET polymorphism on microbial degradation to further optimize the chemo-microbial process. Novel synthetic and reversible interconversion methods for BHET polymorphs were successfully developed using mechanochemistry, where the formation of HETPAL02 was achieved at ambient room temperature compared to lower temperature cited by previous works. When inoculated with the bacterial consortium, HETPAL was degraded faster by the bacterial consortium compared to HETPAL02, indicating polymorphism does play a role in microbial degradation of solids. This work paves the way to optimize the chemo-microbial process for an increased degradation rate of post-consumer PET and furthers the effort for sustainable plastic recycling methods
Nietzschean Space in Bely's Petersburg
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/226af825-4bac-4910-aaad-69369329fd35/thumb/128.jpgThis thesis consists of a spatial analysis primarily of Andrei Bely’s Petersburg, in which Nietzschean aesthetics of Apollonian and Dionysian art are applied to spatial realities and perceptions. A Bauer film from the same era and school of thought is used to supplement the analysis. Ultimately, this thesis utilizes Petersburg to connect Nietszche’s aesthetic duality to a similar, more modern theory of spatial duality put forth by Deleuze and Guattari
Fish Fight Club: Dominance Hierarchy and Filial Cannibalism in the African Cichlid Astatotilapia burtoni
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/f72dc18a-20bb-4a6b-91c4-0d27a0b45d4a/thumb/128.jpgThis study investigates the interactions between dominance hierarchy and parental behavior, particularly filial cannibalism in an mouthbrooding cichlid. The model organism used, Astatotilapia burtoni, has a strong system of social dominance and also engages in mouthbrooding, sometimes resulting in cannibalization of the fry. I hypothesize that if dominance is positively correlated with ability to raise and defend fry, then less dominant fish are predicted to engage in filial cannibalism more often in order to recover energy. To test this, I both measured dominance associated behaviors in baseline measurements when the fish are separated by a clear divider as well as measuring dominance in staged physical combat. I found that when two brooding females are paired together, less dominant fish are more likely to consume their fry than more dominant fish, providing evidence that social dominance positively correlates with parental success in A. burtoni. Different interactions happen based on differences in sex and reproductive status of the brooding female's partner
Can You Do Things with Lyric? Explorations of Presence/Absence in Select Elegiac Lyrics
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/e0d6fc3f-1b19-462c-bd62-1885baf514ae/thumb/128.jpg"Lyric poetry is occupied with inventing linguistic strategies that attempt to make someone or something present, such as apostrophe, deictics, direct speech, etc. This tendency is especially apparent in lyrics that confront or anticipate literal, biological death: elegies or lyrics that at least are elegiac in mode, respectively. As a type of absence, however, death is permanent. Unlike Petrarchan love sonnets, for instance, which always allow for the possibility of the poet’s beloved to be impressed enough with his inventions to seek out his physical presence, elegies and lyrics in the elegiac mode cannot hope to make the desired dead or soon to be dead present. They cannot magically raise the desired person from the grave through their language. As such, elegies and lyrics in the elegiac mode contain the seed of their project’s failure and their poet-speaker’s disillusionment in their premise. Human poets, as explored in Jesse Murry’s “Aphorisms,” cannot make someone or something present without the threat of absence due to their own mortality; they do not have God’s omnipresence and omniscience, so they do not have His omnipotent presence-making capacity. The lyric mode, however still enables other types of presence-making—or changes to reality, at least—through language. Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey’s “Wyatt Resteth Here,” by being an elegy in the first place, performs ontological claim that language does not have a non-figurative effect on reality; it does not claim what exists, but it does claim what does not exist. John Keats’s “This living hand, now warm and capable” similarly does not allow the “living hand” to remain present progressive “living” after the poet lifts his hand from the page for the final time, but it does allow him to make present the poem itself known as “This living hand” and as a real, material manuscript. Last, Newsom’s “Make Hay” results in another ontological claim about time’s division into past and present. Even if the immediately desired person or object is not achievable through elegy, poetry still “does” something after all.
Constructing Romani Identity in Les Ursitory and Stopping Places
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/7304a142-795a-40fd-ba07-ead4977b9088/thumb/128.jpgThis thesis uses a variety of theoretical frameworks to interpret the way Romani writers from diverse backgrounds understand and express their ethnic identity through literature. Both authors explore the unique ways Romani identity can be understood through its incredible diversity and relationship to non-Romani society as a marginalized “nomadic” community and a people of hybridity. The first chapter will focus on Mateo Maximoff's Les Ursitory and the way ideas of law, death, and Rromanìja interact in the novel to create a concept of Romani identity. The second chapter discusses Damian Le Bas' "Stopping Places”: a Journey Through Gypsy Britain and how he constructs Romani identity through space, particularly space as conceived by Homi K. Bhabha, Deleuze, and Guattari. The thesis concludes by applying these understandings of Romani identity to French-Romani political activist Raymond Gurême, and exploring how conversations around Romani identity should emphasize diversity and inclusion
“A Curious Race in the West Virginia Mountains”: Sangers and the Nineteenth Century Appalachian Botanical Drug Trade
No full texthttps://rdc.reed.edu/v1/resources/11f2b9bc-ad5d-43b7-a6e4-2096990c6216/thumb/128.jpgThe nineteenth century trade of medicinal roots and herbs formed a significant portion of Appalachia’s economy as patent medicines and herbal medicine surged in popularity. Near the turn of the century, however, the trade began to decline. A combination of factors including medical changes, overharvesting of valuable plants like ginseng, and the effects of industrialization contributed to the decline of this once-prosperous industry, but contemporary and modern sources alike point fingers squarely at local foragers and ginseng diggers. Heavily embellished depictions of “Sangers” in popular newspapers and literature created a fictional figure that represented elements of the emerging hillbilly stereotype, obscuring the true role of ginseng diggers in the overharvesting of botanical drugs. The extent Sangers contributed to the decline of the botanical drug trade can best be understood within the context of Civil War displacement, financial hardship, and the disruption of rural community structure. The creation and development of the Sanger stereotype and the story of the botanical drug trade as a whole represents a significant chapter of American history that provides insight into modern depictions of the hillbilly stereotype and perceptions of the Appalachian region