Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings
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Process Simulation and Cost Optimization of a Gas based Power Plant including amine based CO2 Capture
Get PDFCO2 capture from gas turbine exhaust gas using heat from the power generation cycle is a possibility for CO2 emission reduction from natural gas-based power plants. A simplified power plant was simulated in Aspen HYSYS with a compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine, a steam circuit with a steam heater, a high-pressure steam turbine, a low-pressure steam turbine, a steam condenser, and a circulating pump. CO2 capture was simulated with an absorption column, a rich amine pump, a lean/rich amine heat exchanger, a desorber with a reboiler and condenser, a lean pump and an amine cooler. The equipment cost was obtained from Aspen In-plant Cost Estimator, and an enhanced detailed factor method was used to estimate the total investment. A base case with combustion at 30 bar, ΔTMIN of 10 °C, and 10 stages (meters of absorber packing) was simulated, dimensioned, and cost estimated. In earlier works, optimum parameters have been found by minimizing the cost of CO2 capture. In this work, optimum was defined as the maximum profit for a combined process with 85 % capture efficiency. Optimized parameters were calculated to 25 bar for the combustion pressure, 13 °C for the minimum temperature approach in the lean/rich amine heat exchanger, and 10-meter packing height in the absorption column. These values are comparable to values in literature
Retrofitting Biomass Combined Heat and Power Plant for Biofuel Production
Get PDFThermochemical conversion processes of biomass, such as gasification and pyrolysis, can convert a wide range of feedstocks into liquid fuels, including forest residue, agricultural, food, and municipal solid waste. These more widely available and theoretically lower cost feedstocks make biofuel production through thermochemical pathway more cost-competitive. Furthermore, the thermochemical conversion pathway for biomass conversion could be relatively easy to integrate with the existing biomass combined heat and power plant, making it an attractive technology for the future commercialization of biofuel production through biomass. A detailed analysis was undertaken of a retrofitted biomass combined heat and power plant for biofuel production in this work. The biofuel production plant is designed to explore the polygeneration of hydrogen, biomethane, and biooil via the integration of gasification, pyrolysis, and renewable-powered electrolysis. The G-valve in the biomass circulating fluid bed plant, which is generally used for sand and char recycling, is retrofitted in the proposed system to fit the pyrolysis reaction for bio-oil production. Centering around the biomass circulating fluid bed gasifier, the system is also outfitted with a condensation and distillation process for bio-oil production, and a membrane reactor system for biomethane production. A mathematical model of the proposed biofuel production plant is established in Aspen Plus, followed by a performance investigation of the biofuel production plant under various design conditions. The limitations and opportunities of this retrofitted biomass combined heat and power plant for biofuel production are explored in this study
Towards a real-time possession value framework in ice hockey
Get PDFMeasuring the individual performance of players is an important task in sports analytics. Traditional statistics-based approaches for evaluating hockey players fail to account for context and long-term impact. Recent advances in data gathering have enabled valuing possessions and actions directly to address these issues. This talk describes the implementation of the first real-time possession value framework for ice hockey
HINTS: Human-Centered Intelligent Realities
Get PDFDuring the last decade, we have witnessed a rapid development of extended reality (XR) technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). Further, there have been tremendous advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). These two trends will have a significant impact on future digital societies. The vision of an immersive, ubiquitous, and intelligent virtual space opens up new opportunities for creating an enhanced digital world in which the users are at the center of the development process, so-called intelligent realities (IRs). The “Human-Centered Intelligent Realities” (HINTS) profile project will develop concepts, principles, methods, algorithms, and tools for human-centered IRs, thus leading the way for future immersive, user-aware, and intelligent interactive digital environments. The HINTS project is centered around an ecosystem combining XR and communication paradigms to form novel intelligent digital systems. HINTS will provide users with new ways to understand, collaborate with, and control digital systems. These novel ways will be based on visual and data-driven platforms which enable tangible, immersive cognitive interactions within real and virtual realities. Thus, exploiting digital systems in a more efficient, effective, engaging, and resource-aware condition. Moreover, the systems will be equipped with cognitive features based on AI and ML, which allow users to engage with digital realities and data in novel forms. This paper describes the HINTS profile project and its initial results
How Does the Language of ‘Threat’ Vary Across News Domains? A Semi-Supervised Pipeline for Understanding Narrative Components in News Contexts
Get PDFBy identifying and characterising the narratives told in news media we can better understand political and societal processes. The problem is challenging from the perspective of natural language processing because it requires a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. This paper reports on work in progress, which aims to build a human-in-the-loop pipeline for analysing how the variation of narrative themes across different domains, based on topic modelling and word embeddings. As an illustration, we study the language associated with the threat narrative in British news media
The transformative role of service design – a case study of a public library
Get PDFUsing a wider context of a growing role of service design (SD) in different change processes, the aim of this article is to explore the transformative role of service design on two levels: organizational and societal. We investigated a transformation process of a public sector organization – a public library, showing how service design can be a vehicle of organizational and societal changes. We were able to map 3 cycles of transition that have been gradually expanding the visions, theories of change, mindsets, and new ways of designing in the organization, helping to achieve more and more agency in transforming, first the organization, and then local community. The article contributes to the growing body of knowledge connecting design with change. It also creates a more in-depth understanding of how SD can become a vehicle for transformation in a public sector organization
Co-design as a public service to support social innovations in city making
Get PDFThis paper discusses the conditions and some possible ways in which co-design can be regarded as a public service offered by public administrations to city dwellers and organizations to foster social innovation in city making projects. It starts by discussing the theoretical and operational entanglement of public services, co-design and place making, in order to understand the background that generates the research question on the opportunity to consider co-design as a public service and set up the conditions for it to be so. Then, the paper presents a case study of a co-design process developed for the city of Reggio Emilia by the authors, to support a huge urban transformation project, and discusses against the context of the advanced participatory policy of the city. Finally, it proposes the conceptualization of ‘permanent vs transient’ public services of co-design and discusses their similarities and differences, to open the debate for further researc
Meaningful Work Canvas: a visual tool for service designers
Get PDFWhile "empathy" is a usual reference in design discourses and methodologies on design, the main focus may be how designers can increase their sensibility to the demands of the clients or users on future service provisions. Nonetheless, the consideration of the voices and presence of workers constitute a pressing demand for service design theory and practices, still almost neglected in the field. This paper presents the Meanignful Work Canvas, a visual tool developed to help designers create from scratch services that facilitate providers to pursue work meaningfulness. It blends characteristics from Job Design and Job Crafting literature. The two first authors conducted workshops with a post-graduate class to codesign the tool with the students. The paper presents a service created by a student from this class, the third author, to illustrate how the Meaningful Work Canvas works. Besides creating worker-centric services, the tool was able to identify some patterns regarding how workers perceive their jobs and to educate the students at the workshop on what influences meaningful work. Meaningful Work Canvas represents an initiative to fill the gap in Service Design literature about creating services centred on workers
Reframing services and processes in architectural design
Get PDFContemporary complexities demand a different approach on how design activities should be practised, theorised and taught. However, most of the architectural creation processes remain based on the disciplinary rational and intellectual knowledge and techniques, where architects prescribe solutions for people and spaces. This article suggests design procedures to agency a redefinition in the field of Architecture with a rhizomatic alliance with Service Design. Literature review shows the matter of space lacks extensive research in Service Design whereas architectural professional practices with traditional disciplinary tools are no longer sufficient to properly respond to contemporary challenges. Interdisciplinary entanglements are explored and open a path for more active, open, collaborative and emphatic design practices, able to benefit both fields and possibly reframe their services and practices
Unmaking the user journey. Fostering alternative Service Design futures
Get PDFThis paper bridges the discussion on a more ethical Service Design practice with the one on Dominant Design. It points out the neo-liberalist and late-capitalist roots of Service Design, which are often a barrier to envisioning ways for the discipline to be more inclusive and sustainable. A closer analysis of the user journey, the backbone of Service Design practice, highlights its critical structural issues and how it informs potentially harmful processes and outcomes. The exclusive focus on user and human-centredness prevents service designers from embracing an ecosystem, plural and antihegemonic practice