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Effects of Different Tonic, Isometric and Isometric/Vibratory Strength Training Programs on Motor Symptomatology in People with Parkinson’s Disease: Study Protocol for a Randomized Trial : Efecto del entrenamiento de un programa muscular tónico, isométrico e isométrico vibratorio en la sintomatología motora, no motora y calidad de vida en personas con enfermedad de Parkinson
No full textAntecedentes: La población chilena ha experimentado un aumento de la longevidad en las últimas décadas, lo que ha llevado a una mayor incidencia y mortalidad por enfermedades neurodegenerativas como la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). La EP es una enfermedad degenerativa crónica que afecta el sistema nervioso central. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el efecto de programas de 12 semanas de entrenamiento de fuerza muscular tónico, isométrico e isométrico/vibratorio mientras se controla la manipulación de la variable de intensidad sobre la sintomatología motora y no motora en pacientes con EP. El objetivo secundario es evaluar los niveles de fuerza muscular en pacientes con EP y su relación con la sintomatología motora y no motora. Métodos: Un ensayo aleatorizado de grupos paralelos asignará aleatoriamente (n = 34) personas de ambos sexos con enfermedad de Parkinson entre las etapas I-III Hoehn y Yahr (H&Y), con edades comprendidas entre 50 y 70 años, a uno de los grupos experimentales, en en el que se someterán a un total de 24 sesiones de entrenamiento de fuerza durante 12 semanas. Durante el período de intervención, se aconsejará a los participantes que no realicen programas de ejercicio adicionales, que eviten sustancias que puedan alterar el metabolismo y los ciclos circadianos y que mantengan su régimen de medicación. La evaluación primaria o motora del temblor en reposo se realizará con acelerómetro (Actigrafía), del equilibrio con el test de equilibrio Mini-BESTest, de la velocidad de la marcha con el Test de Caminata de Diez Metros y de la sintomatología no motora mediante ansiedad, depresión (MDS-UPDRS). y cuestionarios de calidad de vida (PDQ-39). La evaluación secundaria de la fuerza muscular se realizará con un dinamómetro electromecánico funcional. Discusión: Se establece como hipótesis que la manipulación de variables de intensidad en programas de entrenamiento de fuerza muscular tónico, isométrico e isométrico/vibratorio de 12 semanas tiene un efecto sobre la sintomatología motora y no motora en personas con enfermedad de Parkinson. La investigación establecerá en qué medida el entrenamiento de fuerza muscular controlado tiene efecto sobre factores relevantes relacionados con la sintomatología motora y no motora
Self duality in unconventional conformal supersymmetry
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024, The Author(s).In this work, we study (anti-)self duality conditions in unconventional conformal supersymmetry. We focus on a theory constructed in a Townsend-MacDowell-Mansouri form for an SU(2, 2|N) gauge connection with matter fields in the adjoint representation. We find bosonic solutions that correspond to analytic gravitational instantons with nontrivial torsion. These configurations can be regarded as the torsional generalization of the Taub-NUT/Bolt-AdS and Eguchi-Hanson metric and they are (anti-)self-dual with respect to a generalized dual operator. We explore their global properties and show that they saturate a BPS bound
Identification of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Differentially Expressed Genes Favoring Soybean Meal Tolerance in Higher-Growth Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.Genetic variability within the same fish species could confer soybean meal (SBM) tolerance in some individuals, thus favoring growth. This study investigates the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) favoring SBM tolerance in higher-growth zebrafish (Danio rerio). In a previous work, nineteen families of zebrafish were fed a fish meal diet (100FM control diet) or SBM-based diets supplemented with saponin (50SBM + 2SPN–experimental diet), from juvenile to adult stages. Individuals were selected from families with a genotype-by-environment interaction higher (170 ± 18 mg) or lower (76 ± 10 mg) weight gain on 50SBM + 2SPN in relation to 100FM. Intestinal transcriptomic analysis using RNA-seq revealed six hundred and sixty-five differentially expressed genes in higher-growth fish fed 50SBM + 2SPN diet. In this work, using these results, 47 SNPs in DEGs were selected. These SNPs were genotyped by Sequenom in 340 zebrafish that were fed with a 50SBM + 2SPN diet or with 100FM diet. Marker-trait analysis revealed 4 SNPs associated with growth in 3 immunity-related genes (aif1l, arid3c, and cst14b.2) in response to the 50SBM + 2SPN diet (p-value < 0.05). Two SNPs belonging to aif1l y arid3c produce a positive (+19 mg) and negative (−26 mg) effect on fish growth, respectively. These SNPs can be used as markers to improve the early selection of tolerant fish to SBM diet or other plant-based diets. These genes can be used as biomarkers to identify SNPs in commercial fish, thus contributing to the aquaculture sustainability
KdV conformal symmetry breaking in nearly AdS2
No full textWe study the gauge theory formulation of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity and propose Korteweg-de Vries asymptotic conditions that generalize the asymptotic dynamics of the theory. They permit to construct an enlarged set of boundary actions formed by higher order generalizations of the Schwarzian derivative that contain the Schwarzian as lower term in a tower of SL(2, R) invariants. They are extracted from the KdV Hamiltonians and can be obtained recursively. As a result, the conformal symmetry breaking observed in nearly AdS2 is characterized by a much larger set of dynamical modes associated to the stationary KdV hierarchy. We study quantum perturbation theory for the generalized Schwarzian action including the symplectic measure and compute the one-loop correction to the partition function. We find that despite the non-linear nature of the higher-Schwarzian contribution, it acquires a manageable expression that renders a curious leading temperature dependence on the entropy S = #T^{a} for a an odd integer
Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 among the Chilean population
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 Moreno, Moreno. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Background The PHQ-4 is an ultrabrief screening test for depression and anxiety symptoms. The psychometric properties of this test among the population in Chile are unknown. This study was aimed to determine the factor structure of the PHQ-4 in the adult population in Chile, and to assess its measurement invariance across different groups. Methods The study considered a nationally representative sample of 10921 people aged 18 and above, in Chile in 2021. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted, and configural, metric, scalar, and strict measurement invariance were assessed. Results The two-factor structure of the PHQ-4 supported the two underlying constructs of depression and anxiety. This model explained 67% of the variance and had excellent fit (CFI: 0.9999; TLI: 0.9994; RMSEA: 0.0107; SRMR: 0.0022). Strict measurement invariance held across gender, age, area of residence, household income quintile, immigrant or host population, and indigenous or non-indigenous population (ΔCFI<0.01). Conclusion The PHQ-4 can be used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms in population studies, and as a screening test for depression and anxiety in public mental health programs in Chile
Percepciones, tensiones y contradicciones en la construcción con maderaPercepciones de los usuarios finales de una ciudad forestal chilena
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.The study addresses the underutilisation of wood in construction in Chile, particularly given the country’s robust forestry sector. The research investigates perceptions, tensions, and contradictions among end-users regarding timber construction in Valdivia, a city with a mixed forestry industry. Methods included a comprehensive survey of 96 households across various socioeconomic clusters, utilising descriptive and exploratory statistical analyses. Key findings reveal persistent negative perceptions about wood’s durability, fire resistance, and maintenance costs. However, positive aspects, such as lower construction costs and adequate thermal comfort, were also noted. Surprisingly, concerns were raised about wood’s environmental impact, including deforestation and its role in combating climate change, contrasting with the material’s known ecological benefits. The study concludes that these perceptions are deeply influenced by ideological and sociopolitical factors, suggesting that mere marketing strategies may not suffice to alter public opinion. Instead, a collaborative effort involving public policy, industry advancements, and transparent scientific communication is essential to promote the benefits of timber construction and address the entrenched biases.The study addresses the underutilisation of wood in construction in Chile, particularly given the country’s robust forestry sector. The research investigates perceptions, tensions, and contradictions among end-users regarding timber construction in Valdivia, a city with a mixed forestry industry. Methods included a comprehensive survey of 96 households across various socioeconomic clusters, utilising descriptive and exploratory statistical analyses. Key findings reveal persistent negative perceptions about wood’s durability, fire resistance, and maintenance costs. However, positive aspects, such as lower construction costs and adequate thermal comfort, were also noted. Surprisingly, concerns were raised about wood’s environmental impact, including deforestation and its role in combating climate change, contrasting with the material’s known ecological benefits. The study concludes that these perceptions are deeply influenced by ideological and sociopolitical factors, suggesting that mere marketing strategies may not suffice to alter public opinion. Instead, a collaborative effort involving public policy, industry advancements, and transparent scientific communication is essential to promote the benefits of timber construction and address the entrenched biases
Adolescents with a Favorable Mediterranean-Style-Based Pattern Show Higher Cognitive and Academic Achievement : A Cluster Analysis—The Cogni-Action Project
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has emerged as a crucial dietary choice, not only in attenuating various adolescents’ metabolic health issues but it has also been associated with improved cognitive and academic achievement. However, few studies have established patterns of food consumption linked to both cognitive and academic achievement in adolescents living in a developing country with non-Mediterranean-based food. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1296 Chilean adolescents (50% girls) aged 10–14 years. The MedDiet Quality Index was used to assess adherence to the MedDiet in children and adolescents. Through cluster analysis, four distinct dietary patterns were identified: Western diet (WD = 4.3%); low fruit and vegetables, high-sugar diet (LFV-HSD = 28.2%); low fruit and vegetables, low-sugar diet (LFV-LSD = 42.2%); and the MedDiet (25.3%). A mixed-model analysis was conducted to compare these clusters and their relationships with cognitive and academic achievements. Principal component analysis was performed to identify four primary cognitive domains: working memory, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, and fluid reasoning. Academic achievement was determined with five school subjects (Language, English, Mathematics, Science, and History) and included the Academic-PISA score derived from the mean scores in Language, Mathematics, and Science. Results: A marked difference was observed between the four clusters, which was mainly related to the consumption of sugar, ultra-processed foods, fruits, and vegetables. According to cognitive performance, the MedDiet group showed higher performance across all domains than the LFV-HSD, LFV-LSD, and WD groups. Regarding academic achievement, the WD underperformed in all analyses compared to the other groups, while the MedDiet was the unique profile that achieved a positive difference in all academic subjects compared to the WD and LFV-HSD groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that higher adherence to Mediterranean-style-based patterns and better food quality choices are associated with improved cognitive and academic achievements
Modelo de gestión sustentable para refugio de montaña en Volcán Tupungato
Get PDFIngeniería en Gestión de Expediciones y Ecoturismo, Licenciado en Ciencias de la IngenieríaDentro de los andes centrales se encuentra el valle del río Colorado donde se eleva el volcán Tupungato, ubicado en la región metropolitana. Es la montaña más alta de la región, siendo también considerado un lugar con gran potencial para los deportes de montaña, es por esto que la fundación deporte libre con su proyecto los 16 de chile busca crear un refugio de montaña a las faldas del volcán Tupungato. Con esto surgen distintas problemáticas en el momento de desarrollar un proyecto como tal, son distintos los factores que garantizan el buen funcionamiento de una estructura como lo es un refugio de montaña tales como su gestión y su impacto en la zona. Por esta razón, este informe busca analizar esas problemáticas y buscar soluciones de estas mismas, generando así un modelo de gestión acorde a cada una de estas y que a su vez pueda ser replicado en otros refugios de montaña.Within the central Andes lies the valley of the Colorado River, where the Tupungato volcano rises, located in the Metropolitan Region. It stands as the tallest mountain in the area and is recognized for its potential in mountain sports. This is why the Free Sports Foundation, through its Los 16 de Chile project, aims to establish a mountain refuge at the base of the Tupungato volcano. As a result, various challenges arise in developing such a project. Factors ensuring the successful operation of a mountain refuge, such as management and its impact on the area, present different issues. This report seeks to analyze these challenges and find solutions, thereby creating a management model tailored to each of them. This model, in turn, can be replicated in other mountain refuges
Innovación recíproca en salud global: consideraciones éticas, legales y regulatorias
No full textPublisher Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024.Global health reciprocal innovation (GHRI) is a recent and more formalised approach to conducting research that recognises and develops innovations (eg, medicines, devices, methodologies) from low-And middle-income countries (LMICs). At present, studies using GHRI most commonly adapt innovations from LMICs for use in high-income countries (HICs), although some develop innovations in LMICs and HICs. In this paper, we propose that GHRI implicitly makes two ethical commitments: (1) to promote health innovations from LMICs, especially in HICs, and (2) to conduct studies on health innovations from LMICs in equitable partnerships between investigators in LMICs and HICs. We argue that these commitments take a significant step towards a more equal global health research enterprise while helping to ensure that populations and investigators in LMICs receive equitable benefits from studies using GHRI. However, studies using GHRI can raise potential ethical concerns and face legal and regulatory barriers. We propose ethical, legal and regulatory considerations to help address these concerns and barriers. We hope our recommendations will allow GHRI to move the global health research enterprise forward into an era where all people are treated equally as knowers and learners, while populations in both LMICs and HICs benefit equitably from studies using GHRI
Desarrollo de dashboards interactivos para la gestión predictiva de zonas de pesca en la costa chilena y optimización de la velocidad de navegación mediante método de pronósticos para flota de Buques de Orizon s.a.
No full textLa presente investigación se centra en el diseño y desarrollo de dashboards interactivos
para optimizar la gestión operativa de la flota pesquera de Orizon S.A., consiguiendo
utilizar un análisis detallado de los datos históricos, métodos de suavización exponencial
y análisis estadísticos descriptivos como herramientas principales. Para esto, son
trabajados los datos históricos disponibles a partir del año 2023 y 2024 entregados por la
empresa, que incluyen información sobre capturas, coordenadas de pesca, consumo de
combustible, entre otros parámetros operativos que son relevantes para la investigación
y de ayuda para la formulación de una herramienta predictiva que facilite la identificación
de zonas probables de pesca en la costa chilena. De esta manera, se contribuye a
mejorar la planificación operativa de la flota, reduciendo tiempos y costos asociados a la
búsqueda de cardúmenes, al mismo tiempo que se promueve una mayor sostenibilidad
ambiental y eficiencia en el uso de sus recursos.
El proyecto propone una metodología estructurada en cuatro etapas principales:
recolección y análisis de datos históricos, aplicación de modelos matemáticos para
pronósticos, desarrollo de visualizaciones dinámicas en Power BI y recomendaciones
para la mejora continua. La investigación no solo aborda los aspectos técnicos del análisis
predictivo, sino que también considera los beneficios estratégicos de contar con una
herramienta interactiva que permita a los encargados de operaciones tomar decisiones
más informadas y oportunas. En este sentido, los dashboards buscan ser un recurso
clave para integrar las operaciones logísticas y productivas, alineándose con los objetivos
comerciales de la empresa y las exigencias ambientales de la industria.
Este trabajo se posiciona como una contribución innovadora para la industria pesquera,
al combinar tecnologías avanzadas de análisis de datos y visualización interactiva con
una gestión sostenible de los recursos marinos.The present research focuses on the design and development of interactive dashboards
to optimize the operational management of Orizon S.A.'s fishing fleet. This will be
achieved by leveraging detailed analysis of historical data, exponential smoothing
methods, and descriptive statistical analyses as the primary tools. The study will utilize
historical data from 2023 and 2024 provided by the company, including information on
catches, fishing coordinates, fuel consumption, and other operational parameters relevant
to the research. These insights will support the creation of a predictive tool to identify
probable fishing zones along the Chilean coast, thereby improving the fleet's operational
planning, reducing time and costs associated with fish shoal searches, and promoting
greater environmental sustainability and resource efficiency.
The project is structured into four main phases: historical data collection and analysis,
application of mathematical forecasting models, development of dynamic visualizations in
Power BI, and formulation of recommendations for continuous improvement. The
research not only addresses the technical aspects of predictive analytics but also
considers the strategic benefits of an interactive tool that enables operations managers to
make more informed and timely decisions. In this context, the dashboards aim to be a key
resource for integrating logistical and production operations, aligning with the company's
commercial objectives and the environmental requirements of the industry.
This work positions itself as an innovative contribution to the fishing industry by combining
advanced data analysis and visualization technologies with sustainable marine resource
management