Institutional Repository Universidad San Sebastián
Not a member yet
9206 research outputs found
Sort by
KINESIOPHOBIA AS A FACTOR OF RETURN TO SPORT IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION : A SYSTEMATIZED REVIEW
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 Didactic Asociation Andalucia. All rights reserved.Favorable physical outcomes for return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are contrasted with low rates of sports return, suggesting the contribution of other psychological factors such as kinesiophobia. This article aimed to systematically review the current evidence about kinesiophobia in return to sport following ACLR. A systematized review was conducted following the recommendations of the PRISMA checklist. A search of scientific articles published in English between 2018 and 2021 was performed in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases. We included those studies that reported kinesiophobia in athletic patients undergoing RLCA without discrimination of patients by sex or age. In this regard, 44 studies met the inclusion criteria (6,406 participants). Of these, 23 studies reported a return to sport rates averaging 61.5% (3,099 individuals), and 15 reported the rate of return to pre-injury level (55.2%). The included studies measured kinesiophobia using study-specific questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) and the ACL-Return to Sport after Injury scale (ACL-RSI). Thus, the rate of return to sport can be highly variable and dependent on multiple factors, kinesiophobia being one of the main ones. Its measurement through tools such as the TSK and the ACL-RSI is fundamental in rehabilitation and sports discharge
Effect of strength training on knee proprioception in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2023 Chengdu Sport UniversityProprioception is significantly impaired in knee osteoarthritis (KOA), contributing to reduced functionality. Strength training (ST) is essential in KOA by improving muscle strength, although it may also be effective in improving proprioception. The purpose was to determine the effect of ST on knee proprioception in KOA patients. Pubmed, CINAHL, Scopus, WOS, and PEDro were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (inception to March 2023). Comparisons for ST were physical exercise different from ST, non-exercise-based interventions, and no intervention. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale, and risk of bias (RoB) using the Cochrane tool. Meta-analyses were performed by comparison groups using the standardized mean difference (SMD) (Hedge's g) with random effects models, also considering subgroups by proprioception tests. Finally, six RCTs were included. The mean PEDro score was 6.3, and the highest proportion of biases corresponds to performance, selection, and detection. The meta-analysis indicated that only when compared with non-intervention, ST significantly improved knee proprioception for the joint position sense (JPS) (active + passive), JPS (passive), and threshold to detect passive motion (TTDPM) subgroups (g = −1.33 [-2.33, −0.32], g = −2.29 [-2.82, −1.75] and g = −2.40 [-4.23, −0.58], respectively). However, in the knee JPS (active) subgroup, ST was not significant (g = −0.72 [-1.84, 0.40]). In conclusion, ST improves knee proprioception compared to non-intervention. However, due to the paucity of studies and diversity of interventions, more evidence is needed to support the effectiveness of ST. Future RCTs may address the limitations of this review to advance knowledge about proprioceptive responses to ST and contribute to clinical practice
Polyelectrolytes for Environmental, Agricultural, and Medical Applications
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.In recent decades, polyelectrolytes (PELs) have attracted significant interest owing to a surge in research dedicated to the development of new technologies and applications at the biological level. Polyelectrolytes are macromolecules of which a substantial portion of the constituent units contains ionizable or ionic groups. These macromolecules demonstrate varied behaviors across different pH ranges, ionic strengths, and concentrations, making them fascinating subjects within the scientific community. The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive survey of the progress in the application studies of polyelectrolytes and their derivatives in various fields that are vital for the advancement, conservation, and technological progress of the planet, including agriculture, environmental science, and medicine. Through this bibliographic review, we seek to highlight the significance of these materials and their extensive range of applications in modern times
Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in the Field of Cancer Biomarker Detection : A Review
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.Biomarkers play a pivotal role in the screening, diagnosis, prevention, and post-treatment follow-up of various malignant tumors. In certain instances, identifying these markers necessitates prior treatment due to the complex nature of the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, advancing techniques that exhibit selectivity, specificity, and enable streamlined analysis hold significant importance. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are considered synthetic antibodies because they possess the property of molecular recognition with high selectivity and sensitivity. In recent years, there has been a notable surge in the investigation of these materials, primarily driven by their remarkable adaptability in terms of tailoring them for specific target molecules and integrating them into diverse analytical technologies. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of molecular imprinting techniques, highlighting their application in developing sensors and analytical methods for cancer detection, diagnosis, and monitoring. Therefore, MIPs offer great potential in oncology and show promise for improving the accuracy of cancer screening and diagnosis procedures
Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to Optimize the Safety Distance of Workers in Construction Projects
No full textInfluencia de la edad materna avanzada sobre la incidencia en gestaciones con fetos con Trisomía 21
Get PDFIntroducción: En la última década, muchas mujeres han postergado el inicio de la
maternidad, influenciadas por factores como el desarrollo profesional, la estabilidad
económica y el acceso a métodos anticonceptivos. Esto conlleva riesgos, especialmente en mujeres mayores de 35 años, ya que a partir de esa edad aumenta la probabilidad de errores biológicos debido a la disminución en la calidad y cantidad de ovocitos, incrementando así el riesgo de errores cromosómicos como la trisomía 21. Objetivo: Analizar si la edad materna avanzada (35 a 45 años) influye en un aumento de gestaciones con fetos con trisomía 21. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica narrativa. Bases de datos: Scopus, Web of Science y PubMed. Palabras claves: “Trisomía 21”, “Embarazo de Alto Riesgo, “Ovocito”, “Edad Materna”, “No Disyunción Genética”, “Síndrome de Down”, “Translucencia nucal, “Diagnóstico Prenatal”, “Ecografía”, “Screening prenatal no invasivo”. Operadores booleanos: “AND”, “OR” y “NOT”. Filtros: Artículos publicados entre los años 2008-2024, artículos científicos originales y gratuitos, artículos en español e inglés. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 18 artículos, que sugieren una relación directa entre la edad materna avanzada y el incremento en la incidencia de trisomía 21. A partir de los 35 años, aumentan las probabilidades de errores en la meiosis, favoreciendo la no disyunción del cromosoma 21. Además, los métodos de cribado prenatal, como ecografías y análisis de sangre materna, son efectivos en la detección temprana, ayudando a reducir riesgos y mejorar el manejo prenatal. Conclusión: La edad materna avanzada es un factor de riesgo relevante para la trisomía 21. Así también, las pruebas de cribado son herramientas importantes para la detección de este síndrome, por lo cual, es necesario fortalecer la capacitación de los profesionales de la salud en genética y cribado prenatal para apoyar a mujeres de mayor edad.Introduction:Over the last decade, many women have delayed starting motherhood,
influenced by factors such as professional development, economic stability, and
access to contraceptive methods. This delay carries risks, especially for women over
the age of 35, as the likelihood of biological errors increases due to the reduction in
both the quality and quantity of oocytes, thereby raising the risk of chromosomal errors such as trisomy 21. Objective: To analyze whether advanced maternal age (35 to 45 years) influences an increase in pregnancies with fetuses affected by trisomy 21. Methodology: Narrative literature review. Databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and
PubMed. Keywords: “Trisomy 21,” “High-Risk Pregnancy,” “Oocyte,” “Maternal Age,”
“Genetic Nondisjunction,” “Down Syndrome,” “Nuchal Translucency,” “Prenatal
Diagnosis,” “Ultrasound,” “Non-invasive Prenatal Screening.” Boolean operators:
“AND,” “OR,” and “NOT.” Filters: Articles published from 2008 to 2024, original and
free scientific articles, articles in Spanish and English. Results: Eighteen articles were selected, which suggest a direct relationship between advanced maternal age and an increase in the incidence of trisomy 21. Starting at age 35, the likelihood of errors in meiosis increases, favoring the nondisjunction of chromosome 21. Additionally, prenatal screening methods, such as ultrasounds and maternal blood analysis, are effective for early detection, helping to reduce risks and improve prenatal care. Conclusion: Advanced maternal age is a significant risk factor for trisomy 21. Likewise, screening tests are essential tools for detecting this syndrome. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen the training of healthcare professionals in genetics and prenatal screening to better support older women
Electronic pathway of the exciplex emitters. Unraveling the emission properties from theoretical calculations
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Most emissive materials have become significant research findings for building organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices. Prominent organic electronics reach applications such as displays, lighting, and photodynamic therapy, among others. Thus, the area of organic emitters has rapidly developed thanks to the synergy between theoretical and experimental works. Here, organic emitters are accurately studied, describing their electronic structure, including the electronic transitions, excited state energies, and coupling characteristics. Consequently, a tandem of methodologies, such as density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), besides the MD-ReaxFF simulations, were employed. Therefore, we focus on exciplex emitters reported as donating-accepting to describe the photophysical process contained in such emitters, establishing electron hopping rates from the monomer and dimeric conformations and assessing the singlet and triplet states. The evaluations of electronic coupling and the reorganization energy (λ) enable the accurate computing of crossing hopping for dimer and free dyes, proposing a reliable scheme of charge transfer properties. These findings bear a novel strategy for studying OLED devices and pave the way for developing more environmentally friendly technologies
Association between the home-to-healthcare center distance and hearing aid abandonment among older adults
No full textPublisher Copyright: Copyright © 2024 Fuentes-López, Galaz-Mella, Ayala, De la Fuente, Luna-Monsalve, Nieman and Marcotti.Background: Access to audiology services for older adults residing in sparsely populated regions is often limited compared to those in central urban areas. The geographic accessibility to follow-up care, particularly the influence of distance, may contribute to an increased risk of hearing aid abandonment. Objective: To assess the association between the home-to-healthcare-calibration-center distance and hearing aid abandonment among older adults fitted in the Chilean public health system. Methods: 455 patients who received hearing aids from two public hospitals in two regions were considered. Univariate and multivariate Poisson regression models with robust variance estimation were used to analyze the association between the geographical distance and hearing aid abandonment, accounting for confounding effects. Results: Approximately 18% of the sample abandoned the hearing aid, and around 50% reported using the hearing aid every day. A twofold increase in distance between home and the hearing center yielded a 35% (RR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.04–1.74; p = 0.022) increased risk of hearing aid abandonment. Also, those in the second quintile had a 2.17 times the risk of abandoning the hearing aid compared to the first quintile (up to 2.3 km). Under the assumption that patients reside within the first quintile of distance, a potential reduction of 45% in the incidence of hearing aid abandonment would be observed. The observed risk remained consistent across different statistical models to assess sensitivity. Conclusion: A higher distance between the residence and the healthcare center increases hearing aid abandonment risk. The association may be explained by barriers in purchasing supplies required to maintain the device (batteries, cleaning elements, potential repairs, or maintenance)
Efectividad del programa Active Communication Education en la mejora de la calidad de vida general de adultos mayores que usan audífonos: un ensayo clínico aleatorizado.
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.Background: Hearing loss in older adults affects general, generic health-related and disease-specific quality of life (QoL). The conventional strategy to address it is through hearing aids, which have been shown to improve disease-specific QoL. However, the long-term results regarding general quality of life are unknown, and communication problems and stigma associated with hearing loss may persist. An effective intervention strategy to address these problems is group communication programs, most notably Active Communication Education (ACE). This program has been shown to increase communication strategies and reduce communication activity limitations and participation restrictions. These precedents allow us to hypothesize that this program could improve general QoL. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 114 older adult hearing aid users. Fifty-four subjects composed the intervention group that received the ACE program, while 60 subjects composed the control group that received an informational-lectures type intervention. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure general QoL. Measurements were taken before and right after the intervention, with follow-ups at 6 and 12 months. Multilevel linear mixed models were estimated, considering the WHOQOL-BREF dimension scores and total score as the outcomes, and an interaction term between time since intervention and group as the predictor. Within- and between-group comparisons were made. Results: Compared to the baseline time-point, the ACE group showed significant improvements right after the intervention, and at the 6-month and 12-month follow-ups for the dimensions of psychological health, social relationships, environment, and total score. Compared to the control group, the ACE group exhibited significantly greater improvements in the social dimension at all postintervention assessments, as well as in the environment dimension and total score at the 12-month follow-up. Conclusions: The ACE program improved general QoL in terms of social relationships and environment dimensions, which lasted up to 12 months after the intervention. Therefore, ACE is positioned as an effective complement for HA users, enhancing and delivering new benefits related to broader aspects of QoL not necessarily tied to health. Trial registration: ISRCTN54021189 (retrospectively registered on 18/07/2023).Background: Hearing loss in older adults affects general, generic health-related and disease-specific quality of life (QoL). The conventional strategy to address it is through hearing aids, which have been shown to improve disease-specific QoL. However, the long-term results regarding general quality of life are unknown, and communication problems and stigma associated with hearing loss may persist. An effective intervention strategy to address these problems is group communication programs, most notably Active Communication Education (ACE). This program has been shown to increase communication strategies and reduce communication activity limitations and participation restrictions. These precedents allow us to hypothesize that this program could improve general QoL. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 114 older adult hearing aid users. Fifty-four subjects composed the intervention group that received the ACE program, while 60 subjects composed the control group that received an informational-lectures type intervention. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure general QoL. Measurements were taken before and right after the intervention, with follow-ups at 6 and 12 months. Multilevel linear mixed models were estimated, considering the WHOQOL-BREF dimension scores and total score as the outcomes, and an interaction term between time since intervention and group as the predictor. Within- and between-group comparisons were made. Results: Compared to the baseline time-point, the ACE group showed significant improvements right after the intervention, and at the 6-month and 12-month follow-ups for the dimensions of psychological health, social relationships, environment, and total score. Compared to the control group, the ACE group exhibited significantly greater improvements in the social dimension at all postintervention assessments, as well as in the environment dimension and total score at the 12-month follow-up. Conclusions: The ACE program improved general QoL in terms of social relationships and environment dimensions, which lasted up to 12 months after the intervention. Therefore, ACE is positioned as an effective complement for HA users, enhancing and delivering new benefits related to broader aspects of QoL not necessarily tied to health
Effects of acupuncture versus placebo on clinical status and potential specific effects in Fibromyalgia : an umbrella review of 11 meta-analyses
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s), 2024.Background: The use of acupuncture is related to patients’ expectations, and the therapeutic interaction effect remains a topic of debate in the literature. Accordingly, it is still unclear whether acupuncture can generate positive clinical effects in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Objective: To determine the effectiveness of acupuncture versus placebo for clinical outcomes and determine the overall effect not attributed to specific effects in patients with FM. Design: Umbrella review of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses. Data sources and methods: An electronic search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, CENTRAL, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, PEDro, and SPORTDiscus databases from inception until December 2023. We selected studies with a clinical diagnosis of FM and that analyzed the effectiveness of acupuncture compared with a placebo. Pain intensity, functional status, fatigue, sleep quality, and depression symptoms were assessed. Effect sizes were calculated as the mean difference (MD) or standard mean difference (SMD). The quality of intervention reporting was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Results: Eleven SRs with 8399 participants were included. Compared with placebo, acupuncture was associated with reductions in pain intensity (MD = −1.13 cm, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.17, p < 0.001), physical function (SMD = −0.63, 95% CI −1.67 to 0.41, p = 0.06), sleep quality (SMD = −0.25, 95% CI −1.39 to 0.88, p = 0.06), and fatigue (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.22, p < 0.001). The proportion not attributable to specific effects (PCE) of acupuncture was 58% for pain intensity (PCE = 0.58, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.71), 57% for physical function (PCE = 0.57, 95% CI −0.07 to 1.20), and 69% for fatigue (PCE = 0.69, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.21). Conclusion: Acupuncture showed a statistically significant difference in decreased pain intensity and fatigue in women with FM. However, the certainty of evidence was low to very low; its effects are not clinically important, and more than 50% of the overall treatment effects were not attributed to the specific effects of acupuncture. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023487315