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Un Algoritmo Probabilístico Eficiente para Detectar Patrones Periódicos en Conjuntos de Datos Espacio-Temporales
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.Deriving insight from data is a challenging task for researchers and practitioners, especially when working on spatio-temporal domains. If pattern searching is involved, the complications introduced by temporal data dimensions create additional obstacles, as traditional data mining techniques are insufficient to address spatio-temporal databases (STDBs). We hereby present a new algorithm, which we refer to as F1/FP, and can be described as a probabilistic version of the Minus-F1 algorithm to look for periodic patterns. To the best of our knowledge, no previous work has compared the most cited algorithms in the literature to look for periodic patterns—namely, Apriori, MS-Apriori, FP-Growth, Max-Subpattern, and PPA. Thus, we have carried out such comparisons and then evaluated our algorithm empirically using two datasets, showcasing its ability to handle different types of periodicity and data distributions. By conducting such a comprehensive comparative analysis, we have demonstrated that our newly proposed algorithm has a smaller complexity than the existing alternatives and speeds up the performance regardless of the size of the dataset. We expect our work to contribute greatly to the mining of astronomical data and the permanently growing online streams derived from social mediaDeriving insight from data is a challenging task for researchers and practitioners, especially when working on spatio-temporal domains. If pattern searching is involved, the complications introduced by temporal data dimensions create additional obstacles, as traditional data mining techniques are insufficient to address spatio-temporal databases (STDBs). We hereby present a new algorithm, which we refer to as F1/FP, and can be described as a probabilistic version of the Minus-F1 algorithm to look for periodic patterns. To the best of our knowledge, no previous work has compared the most cited algorithms in the literature to look for periodic patterns—namely, Apriori, MS-Apriori, FP-Growth, Max-Subpattern, and PPA. Thus, we have carried out such comparisons and then evaluated our algorithm empirically using two datasets, showcasing its ability to handle different types of periodicity and data distributions. By conducting such a comprehensive comparative analysis, we have demonstrated that our newly proposed algorithm has a smaller complexity than the existing alternatives and speeds up the performance regardless of the size of the dataset. We expect our work to contribute greatly to the mining of astronomical data and the permanently growing online streams derived from social media
Aprovechamiento del aprendizaje automático y la teledetección para el análisis de la calidad del agua en el lago Ranco, sur de Chile
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.This study examines the dynamics of limnological parameters of a South American lake located in southern Chile with the objective of predicting chlorophyll-a levels, which are a key indicator of algal biomass and water quality, by integrating combined remote sensing and machine learning techniques. Employing four advanced machine learning models (recurrent neural network (RNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM), recurrent gate unit (GRU), and temporal convolutional network (TCNs)), the research focuses on the estimation of chlorophyll-a concentrations at three sampling stations within Lake Ranco. The data span from 1987 to 2020 and are used in three different cases: using only in situ data (Case 1), using in situ and meteorological data (Case 2), using in situ, and meteorological and satellite data from Landsat and Sentinel missions (Case 3). In all cases, each machine learning model shows robust performance, with promising results in predicting chlorophyll-a concentrations. Among these models, LSTM stands out as the most effective, with the best metrics in the estimation, the best performance was Case 1, with R2 = 0.89, an RSME of 0.32 µg/L, an MAE 1.25 µg/L and an MSE 0.25 (µg/L)2, consistently outperforming the others according to the static metrics used for validation. This finding underscores the effectiveness of LSTM in capturing the complex temporal relationships inherent in the dataset. However, increasing the dataset in Case 3 shows a better performance of TCNs (R2 = 0.96; MSE = 0.33 (µg/L)2; RMSE = 0.13 µg/L; and MAE = 0.06 µg/L). The successful application of machine learning algorithms emphasizes their potential to elucidate the dynamics of algal biomass in Lake Ranco, located in the southern region of Chile. These results not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the lake ecosystem but also highlight the utility of advanced computational techniques in environmental research and management
Diseño de una propuesta de mejora en gestión de almacenamiento de la empresa LG ELECTRONIC
No full textIngeniería en Logística y Transporte Advance, Licenciado en Ciencias de la IngenieríaEl presente trabajo de grado tiene como objetivo general, el diseño de una propuesta de mejora en gestión de almacenamiento de la empresa LGE. Para lograr el objetivo planteado fue necesario realizar una extensa revisión de data proporcionada por las empresas encargadas de las operaciones en el centro de distribución y logística con la finalidad de encontrar los fallos actuales, para estudiar y priorizar las perdidas existentes dando como resultado optimizar los procesos vigentes. A partir de este análisis se aplicará la metodología de mejora continua que se centra en la eficiencia y la calidad de los procesos donde el enfoque principal de este proyecto será en mejorar el área de almacenamiento a través de la aplicación de estrategia de optimización, específicamente mediante la implementación de un sistema de clasificación ABC.The general objective of this degree work is the design of a proposal to improve storage management of the company LGE. To achieve the stated objective, it was necessary to carry out an extensive review of data provided by the companies in charge of operations in the distribution and logistics center in order to find the current failures, to study and prioritize the existing losses, resulting in optimization of the processes. current. From this analysis, the continuous improvement methodology will be applied, which focuses on the efficiency and quality of the processes where the main focus of this project will be on improving the storage area through the application of an optimization strategy, specifically through the implementation of an ABC classification system
The Reelin receptor ApoER2 is a cargo for the adaptor protein complex AP-4 : Implications for Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 Elsevier LtdAdaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4) is a heterotetrameric complex that promotes export of selected cargo proteins from the trans-Golgi network. Mutations in each of the AP-4 subunits cause a complicated form of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP). Herein, we report that ApoER2, a receptor in the Reelin signaling pathway, is a cargo of the AP-4 complex. We identify the motif ISSF/Y within the ApoER2 cytosolic domain as necessary for interaction with the canonical signal-binding pocket of the µ4 (AP4M1) subunit of AP-4. AP4E1- knock-out (KO) HeLa cells and hippocampal neurons from Ap4e1-KO mice display increased co-localization of ApoER2 with Golgi markers. Furthermore, hippocampal neurons from Ap4e1-KO mice and AP4M1-KO human iPSC-derived cortical i3Neurons exhibit reduced ApoER2 protein expression. Analyses of biosynthetic transport of ApoER2 reveal differential post-Golgi trafficking of the receptor, with lower axonal distribution in KO compared to wild-type neurons, indicating a role of AP-4 and the ISSF/Y motif in the axonal localization of ApoER2. Finally, analyses of Reelin signaling in mouse hippocampal and human cortical KO neurons show that AP4 deficiency causes no changes in Reelin-dependent activation of the AKT pathway and only mild changes in Reelin-induced dendritic arborization, but reduces Reelin-induced ERK phosphorylation, CREB activation, and Golgi deployment. This work thus establishes ApoER2 as a novel cargo of the AP-4 complex, suggesting that defects in the trafficking of this receptor and in the Reelin signaling pathway could contribute to the pathogenesis of HSP caused by mutations in AP-4 subunits
Factors influencing teaching choice as predictors of Teacher Identity in prospective Special Education teachers
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024, AUFOP. All rights reserved.La identidad docente ha sido estudiada como un constructo amplio, mutable e influenciado por múltiples factores durante su desarrollo. Pocas investigaciones han abordado los factores que podrían explicar la identidad docente durante la formación del profesorado de Educación Especial. El objetivo es establecer la capacidad explicativa de los factores motivacionales y perceptuales para la elección de la carrera sobre la identidad docente. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño transversal explicativo. Participaron 180 estudiantes de la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Especial de 10 universidades chilenas. Se aplicó el Fit-Choice Scale y la Escala de Medida de la Identidad Docente. Los datos fueron analizados con una regresión lineal bayesiana. Los resultados muestran que los factores de percepción por sí solos podrían explicar el comportamiento de la identidad docente, mientras que el modelo conjunto entre los factores de motivación, los factores de percepción para la elección de la carrera y variables sociodemográficas como la edad y tener un familiar docente muestra una mayor capacidad explicativa respecto de la identidad docente. Se espera que los resultados de esta investigación constituyan una aproximación a la explicación de los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de la identidad docente en futuros profesores de Educación Especial
Multi-vórtices superconductores y una cota BPS en teoría de perturbaciones quiral
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.We derive a novel BPS bound from chiral perturbation theory minimally coupled to electrodynamics at finite isospin chemical potential. At a critical value of the isospin chemical potential, a system of three first-order differential field equations (which implies the second-order field equations) for the gauge field and the hadronic profile can be derived from the requirement to saturate the bound. These BPS configurations represent magnetic multi-vortices with quantized flux supported by a superconducting current. The corresponding topological charge density is related to the magnetic flux density, but is screened by the hadronic profile. Such a screening effect allows to derive the maximal value of the magnetic field generated by these BPS magnetic vortices, being Bmax = 2, 04 × 1014 G. The solution for a single BPS vortex is discussed in detail, and some physical consequences, together with the comparison with the magnetic vortices in the Ginzburg-Landau theory at critical coupling, are described.Derivamos una nueva cota BPS a partir de la teoría de perturbaciones quiral mínimalmente acoplada a electrodinámica para un potencial químico de isospín finito. En un valor crítico del potencial químico de isospín, un sistema de tres ecuaciones de campo diferenciales de primer orden (que implica las ecuaciones de campo de segundo orden) para el campo gauge y el perfil hadrónico puede ser derivado del requisito de saturar la cota. Estas configuraciones BPS representan multivórtices magnéticos con flujo cuantizado soportado por una corriente superconductora. La densidad de carga topológica correspondiente está relacionada con la densidad de flujo magnético, pero está apantallada por el perfil hadrónico. Este efecto de apantallamiento permite deducir el valor máximo del campo magnético generado por estos vórtices magnéticos BPS, siendo su valor máximo de 2, 04 × 10^{14} G. Se discute en detalle la solución para un único vórtice BPS, y se describen algunas consecuencias físicas, junto con la comparación con los vórtices magnéticos en la teoría de Ginzburg-Landau en acoplamiento crítico
La violencia escolar hacia el profesorado en tercero básico : análisis comparativo entre el Colegio Inmaculada Concepción San Fernando y la Escuela Especial María Alicia Ponce de San Francisco de Mostazal, durante el período 2023
No full textPedagogía en Educación Diferencial Advance, Licenciado en EducaciónEl propósito de este estudio es analizar la violencia escolar dirigida hacia el profesorado de tercero básico en el Colegio Inmaculada Concepción (San Fernando) y la Escuela Especial María Alicia Ponce (San Francisco de Mostazal) durante el año 2023. Se emplea un enfoque cualitativo y un paradigma socio crítico para comprender la conducta violenta de los estudiantes y su impacto en los docentes. La investigación aborda antecedentes del problema, destacando estudios internacionales y nacionales sobre violencia escolar hacia profesores. Se identificaron situaciones de violencia en ambos establecimientos, como agresiones físicas, insultos y desafíos de autoridad, resaltando la importancia de abordar la violencia para prevenir consecuencias negativas en la salud física y emocional de los docentes. Las preguntas de investigación se centran en la apreciación de los docentes respecto a los motivos de la violencia escolar, factores vinculados y estrategias de convivencia escolar. La muestra es no probabilística, consta de dos profesores de cada institución, los instrumentos a emplear son entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante. El análisis de los hallazgos destaca la relación entre violencia escolar, estrategias de convivencia y la relación docente-estudiante, subrayando la necesidad de capacitación docente e intervención familiar. En conclusión, la investigación busca proporcionar una comprensión profunda de la violencia escolar hacia el profesorado de tercer grado, identificar sus causas y proponer estrategias para mejorar la convivencia escolar.The purpose of this study is to analyze school violence directed towards third grade teachers at the Inmaculada Concepción School (San Fernando) and the María Alicia Ponce Special School (San Francisco de Mostazal) during the year 2023. A qualitative and a socio-critical paradigm to understand the violent behavior of students and its impact on teachers. The research addresses the background of the problem, highlighting international and national studies on school violence against teachers. Situations of violence were identified in both establishments, such as physical attacks, insults, and challenges to authority, highlighting the importance of addressing violence to prevent negative consequences on the physical and emotional health of teachers. The research questions focus on teachers' appreciation of the reasons for school violence, related factors and school coexistence strategies. The sample is non-probabilistic, it consists of two professors from each institution, the instruments to be used are semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The analysis of the findings highlights the relationship between school violence, coexistence strategies and the teacher-student relationship, underlining the need for teacher training and family intervention. In conclusion, the research seeks to provide a deep understanding of school violence towards third grade teachers, identify its causes and propose strategies to improve school coexistence
Removal of two carbamate pesticides from aqueous solutions using an adsorbent material based on poly(vinyl alcohol) and malic acid hydrogels
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.This study describes through Molecular dynamics simulations the interactions between two carbamate pesticides, Carbofuran (CFN) and Methomyl (MML), with PVA hydrogels, crosslinked with malic acid (CLPHMAs), for the quantitative capture of these insecticides and the remediation of aqueous solutions. The crosslinked hydrogels were prepared and characterized by FTIR, SEM, TGA, and equilibrium swelling ratio. The FTIR spectra revealed the presence of a peak around ~ 1719 attributed to the ester group (C–O–C), which resulted from the esterification reaction between PVA and the crosslinker. The simulations correlate with experimental trials based on the Design of Experiments (DoE), allowing the capture of CFN and MML in aqueous solutions of 500 mg L−1, using a capture time of 10 min. In conclusion, both tools enhance each other, demonstrating that CLPHMAs can remove these pesticides, constituting a technological alternative for treating contaminated water
Anthropometric parameters, body composition and somatotype of para table tennis athletes with physical disabilities in the Ñuble region, Chile. Multiple case study
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.The objective of this research is to determine the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype of para table tennis athletes with physical disabilities in the Ñuble region (Chile). A case study research was conducted, with a quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional approach with a sample of 4 athletes belonging to the promesas Chile program with an average age of 17.5±4.8 years. Anthropometric data related to body composition were obtained by means of the ISAK protocol, somatotype and somatocarta by means of the Heath-Carter method and the Hip-Waist Index (HWI) was obtained. The main results of this research indicate that three athletes (75%) present excess malnutrition according to BMI, while one athlete is in the normal weight category. Regarding the ICC, two male para-athletes are classified in very low risk of suffering metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, one in low risk and the female athlete in high risk. Two para-athletes showed an endomesomorph somatotype, while the remaining two have a mesoendomorph somatotype. As for the percentage of fat, two of them do not exceed 20%, placing them in the optimal and slightly overweight category respectively, while the other two are around 30%, placing them in the obese category. The anthropometric evaluation reveals worrying levels of overweight. In addition, a prevalence of endomorphic and mesomorphic somatotype profiles is observed. It is essential to implement training and nutritional education programs to improve their health and sports performance.El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las características antropométricas, composición corporal y somatotipo de los deportistas de paratenis de mesa con discapacidad física de la región de Ñuble (Chile). Se realizó una investigación de estudio de casos, con enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental y de corte transversal con una muestra de 4 deportistas pertenecientes al programa promesas Chile con un promedio de edad de 17.5±4.8 años. Se obtuvieron datos antropométricos relacionados a la composición corporal por medio del protocolo ISAK, el somatotipo y somatocarta mediante el método Heath-Carter y se obtuvo el Indice de Cintura Cadera (ICC). Los principales resultados de esta investigación indican que tres deportistas (75%) presentan malnutrición por exceso según el IMC, mientras que un deportista se encuentra en categoría normopeso. Respecto al ICC, dos paratletas varones clasifican en muy bajo riesgo de sufrir enfermedades metabólicas y cardiovasculares, uno en bajo riesgo y la deportista mujer en alto riesgo. Dos paratletas arrojaron un somatotipo endomesomorfo, mientras que los dos restantes tienen un somatotipo mesoendomorfo. En cuanto al porcentaje de grasa, dos de ellos no superan el 20%, ubicándose en la categoría de óptimo y ligero sobrepeso respectivamente, mientras que los otros dos están alrededor del 30% quedando en categoría de obeso. La evaluación antropométrica revela preocupantes niveles de sobrepeso. Además, se observa una prevalencia de perfiles somatotípicos endomórficos y mesomórficos. Es esencial implementar programas de entrenamiento y educación nutricional para mejorar su salud y rendimiento deportivo. Palabras clave: Composición corporal, perfil antropométrico, somatotipo, para tenis de mesa. Abstract. The objective of this research is to determine the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype of para table tennis athletes with physical disabilities in the Ñuble region (Chile). A case study research was conducted, with a quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional approach with a sample of 4 athletes belonging to the promesas Chile program with an average age of 17.5±4.8 years. Anthropometric data related to body composition were obtained by means of the ISAK protocol, somatotype and somatocarta by means of the Heath-Carter method and the Hip-Waist Index (HWI) was obtained. The main results of this research indicate that three athletes (75%) present excess malnutrition according to BMI, while one athlete is in the normal weight category. Regarding the ICC, two male para-athletes are classified in very low risk of suffering metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, one in low risk and the female athlete in high risk. Two para-athletes showed an endomesomorph somatotype, while the remaining two have a mesoendomorph somatotype. As for the percentage of fat, two of them do not exceed 20%, placing them in the optimal and slightly overweight category respectively, while the other two are around 30%, placing them in the obese category. The anthropometric evaluation reveals worrying levels of overweight. In addition, a prevalence of endomorphic and mesomorphic somatotype profiles is observed. It is essential to implement training and nutritional education programs to improve their health and sports performance. Keywords: Body composition, anthropometric profile, somatotype, para table tennis
Compassion questionnaire for animals : Scale development and validation
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 The AuthorsObjectives: No measure of compassion for animals exists. Previous scales measured empathy or attitudes towards animals. In line with previous compassion questionnaires for self (CQS) and others (CQO), the proposed Compassion Questionnaire for Animals (CQA) aims to operationalize compassion for animals by grounding it in affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interrelatedness dimensions, each representing a set of skills that can be cultivated through training and practice. Methods: Based on the proposed theoretical approach, the CQA items were developed through consultations with a panel of eight graduate students. A large study was conducted to validate the CQA, investigate the relationship between empathy/compassion for other human beings and compassion for animals, and test the role of gender and age in compassion for animals. Results: Results suggested the presence of three dimensions along with a global latent variable. Psychometric characteristics of the CQA and its subscales were robust. These findings were additionally supported by convergent and discriminate evidence; as such, the CQA presented strong associations with measures of empathy for animals and nature relatedness. In addition, empathy and compassion for other human beings and for animals were found to be moderately associated. Gender and age were found to be related to compassion for animals, with women and older individuals displaying higher levels of compassion. Conclusions: The CQA is the first scale that operationalizes compassion for animals as a set of affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interrelatedness skills/abilities with important theoretical and practical implications. Limitations as well as theoretical and practical implications of the CQA are thoroughly discussed