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Challenge-Based Learning and Scrum as Enablers of 4.0 Technologies in Engineering Education
Get PDFPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.Incorporating Industry 4.0 technologies in higher education is crucial for preparing future engineers in a digitalized industrial environment. A challenge-based educational model and the agile Scrum methodology were implemented to move in this direction, combined with the use of Industry 4.0 technologies. New physical and virtual laboratories were enabled with Industry 4.0 hardware/software equipment. The engineering academic programs at the second-largest university in Chile were modified, and all the academic staff involved were trained. Based on conducting challenges that Industry 4.0 technologies can address, this study presents the results of implementing a new educational model and students’ response to freely adopting new technology, such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and collaborative robotics. The results showed a high rate of acceptance and use of 4.0 technologies by the students, so the proposed methodology could be extrapolated to other engineering programs worldw
Trends in traffic accident mortality and social inequalities in Ecuador from 2011 to 2022
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.Background: Traffic accidents (TA) remain a significant global public health concern, impacting low—and middle-income countries. This study aimed to describe the trend in TA mortality and inequalities in Ecuador for 2011–2022, distributed by year, gender, age group, geographical location, type of accident, and social inequalities. Methods: An ecological study was conducted using INEC national-level data on TA fatalities in Ecuador. Mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 population and analyzed by year, gender, age group, geographic region, and accident type. Annual percentage variation (APV) was determined using linear regression models. Inequality analyses examined associations between TA mortality and socioeconomic factors like per capita income and literacy rates. Complex measures such as the Slope Inequality Index (SII) were calculated to assess the magnitude of inequalities. Results: There were 38,355 TA fatalities in Ecuador from 2011 to 2022, with an overall mortality rate of 19.4 per 100,000 inhabitants. The rate showed a non-significant decreasing trend (APV − 0.4%, p = 0.280). Males had significantly higher mortality rates than females (31.99 vs. 7.19 per 100,000), with the gender gap widening over time (APV 0.85%, p = 0.003). The Amazon region had the highest rate (24.4 per 100,000), followed by the Coast (20.4 per 100,000). Adults aged ≥ 60 years had the highest mortality (31.0 per 100,000), followed by those aged 25–40 years (28.6 per 100,000). The ≥ 60 age group showed the most significant rate decrease over time (APV − 2.25%, p < 0.001). Pedestrians were the most affected group after excluding unspecified accidents, with a notable decreasing trend (APV − 5.68%, p < 0.001). Motorcyclist fatalities showed an increasing trend, ranking third in TA-related deaths. Lower literacy rates and per capita income were associated with higher TA mortality risks. Inequality in TA mortality between provinces with the highest and lowest per capita income increased by 247.7% from 2011 to 2019, as measured by the SII. Conclusion: While overall TA mortality slightly decreased in Ecuador, significant disparities persist across demographic groups and geographic regions. Older adults, males, pedestrians, and economically disadvantaged populations face disproportionately higher risks. The increasing trend in motorcycle-related fatalities and widening socioeconomic inequalities are particularly concerning
Evaluación de terapia ocupacional en contextos escolares: orientaciones conceptuales
No full textEl artículo presenta como temática principal los Procesos de Evaluación de Terapia Ocupacional (TO) en los contextos escolares. Se desarrolla una propuesta teórica conceptual de evaluación en Terapia Ocupacional, tomando como referencia los documentos desarrollados por la Federación Mundial de Terapia Ocupacional (WFOT), la Asociación Americana de Terapia Ocupacional (AOTA) y otros autores referentes en el campo de la Terapia Ocupacional en escuela. La propuesta tiene por objetivo fundamentar las acciones necesarias para desarrollar un proceso de evaluación en el contexto especifico de la escuela y otorgar algunas orientaciones, especialmente a aquellos terapeutas ocupacionales que comienzan a desempeñarse en este campo de acción. La evaluación de Terapia Ocupacional en escuela debe ser integral, centrada en el estudiante e involucrar múltiples fuentes (estudiante, profesores, familia), contextos (sala de clases, patio de escuela, comedor, etc.) y metodologías de recogida de información (pautas estructuradas, entrevistas, observaciones, listas de chequeo, entre otras), considerando especialmente los contextos naturales donde se desempeña el estudiante. Otro elemento relevante para la práctica contemporánea es considerar la mirada top-down, la cual propone relevar durante el proceso de evaluación el levantamiento de información relacionada a la participación en actividades escolares y las barreras del contexto escolar, por sobre una mirada que enfatiza en los déficits en las habilidades y funciones corporales del estudiante
Second Victims in Nursing and its Challenge in Latina America
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.Introduction: The patient and their family are the first victims of an adverse event. Health professionals can develop physical and psychological signs and symptoms known as the second victim phenomenon. This phenomenon can be resolved with learning, but it can also lead to abandonment of the profession or suicide. Objective: To reflect on the second victim phenomenon and the existing evidence about the phenomenon in nurses. Methods: A scoping review was conducted under the question: What evidence exists on the phenomenon of second victims in nurses in the databases PubMed, Google Scholar and EBSCO, between November and December 2022, for articles about the phenomenon of second victims in nursing? The following keywords were used: gestión de la calidad [quality management], eventos adversos [adverse events] and enfermería [nursing]. PRISMA guidelines were followed to select relevant articles. Eleven studies were included in the review. The overall prevalence of second victims ranged from 10.40 % to 43.30 %, nurses being the most affected. Sleep disturbances and fatigue are the most common physical signs and symptoms, while shame and guilt are the predominant psychological symptoms. There are personal and organizational strategies to cope with the second victim phenomenon. In Latin America, there is limited research and lack of support programs. Conclusions: The second victim phenomenon affects nurses more than other professionals. In Latin America, the second victim phenomenon should be studied and a focus on support plans adapted to our culture should be created
Extreme High-Elevation Mammal Surveys Reveal Unexpectedly High Upper Range Limits of Andean Mice
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.In the world’s highest mountain ranges, uncertainty about the upper elevational range limits of alpine animals represents a critical knowledge gap regarding the environmental limits of life and presents a problem for detecting range shifts in response to climate change. Here we report results of mountaineering mammal surveys in the Central Andes, which led to the discovery of multiple species of mice living at extreme elevations that far surpass previously assumed range limits for mammals. We livetrapped small mammals from ecologically diverse sites spanning 16,700 m of vertical relief, from the desert coast of northern Chile to the summits of the highest volcanoes in the Andes. We used molecular sequence data and whole-genome sequence data to confirm the identities of species that represent new elevational records and to test hypotheses regarding species limits. These discoveries contribute to a new appreciation of the environmental limits of vertebrate life
Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la calidad de vida de para-futbolistas con lesión cerebral
No full textPublisher Copyright: © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF)People with disabilities might be at a higher risk of suffering from the psychosocial impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on quality of life (QoL), due to isolation and social restrictions. The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the QoL of Chilean para-footballers with brain impairment. Forty male football players with brain impairment participated in this study. All participants completed the WHOQOL-BREF QoL questionnaire at two different moments (before and during confinement). A significant reduction in the perception of QoL was found between the different periods. Moreover, the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains presented lower scores during the pandemic. These results suggest that the impact of confinement reduced the perception of QoL in all domains. Differentiated strategies with multidisciplinary professional support are necessary for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic’s psychosocial consequences on para-footballers with brain impairments
Erratum : Correction: Vicencio et al. Transcriptional Signatures and Network-Based Approaches Identified Master Regulators Transcription Factors Involved in Experimental Periodontitis Pathogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 14835 (International journal of molecular sciences (2023) 24 19 PII: 1671)
No full textIn the original publication [...]
Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Responses to Cortisol-Mediated Stress in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Skeletal Muscle
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.The production and release of cortisol during stress responses are key regulators of growth in teleosts. Understanding the molecular responses to cortisol is crucial for the sustainable farming of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and other salmonid species. While several studies have explored the genomic and non-genomic impacts of cortisol on fish growth and skeletal muscle development, the long-term effects driven by epigenetic mechanisms, such as cortisol-induced DNA methylation, remain unexplored. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome and genome-wide DNA methylation in the skeletal muscle of rainbow trout seven days after cortisol administration. We identified 550 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by RNA-seq and 9059 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) via whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) analysis. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that cortisol modulates the differential expression of genes associated with nucleotide metabolism, ECM-receptor interaction, and the regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathways. Similarly, cortisol induced the differential methylation of genes associated with focal adhesion, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, and Wnt signaling. Through integrative analyses, we determined that 126 genes showed a negative correlation between up-regulated expression and down-regulated methylation. KEGG enrichment analysis of these genes indicated participation in ECM-receptor interaction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and focal adhesion. Using RT-qPCR, we confirmed the differential expression of lamb3, itga6, limk2, itgb4, capn2, and thbs1. This study revealed for the first time the molecular responses of skeletal muscle to cortisol at the transcriptomic and whole-genome DNA methylation levels in rainbow trout
Implementation of an early alert system in quizzes of a high complexity subject in higher education : Improvement of student performance and teacher perception
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.Early Alert Systems (EAS) play a fundamental role in education by supporting the learning process and evaluating student performance. In this study, an innovative EAS designed to specifically identify weaknesses in Cognitive Skills (CS) in first-year higher education students is presented, focusing on a challenging course at a South American university. Through big data technology, approval rates linked to various cognitive skills were evaluated using quizzes. Subsequently, teachers, after analysis and dialogue, applied adapted strategies to strengthen these skills in their classes, which were evaluated in subsequent exams. The sample under study included 1,691 students from various health majors enrolled in a complex subject. The experimental group (994 students) that participated in the EAS was compared with a control group (697 students). Evaluations validated by the academic team were used, applying three quizzes throughout the 2022-20 academic period, and the results were analysed with the Power BI computer tool, generating online reports that highlighted CS by section. The EAS, based on teacher surveys, is innovative and it also positively impacts student achievement, evidenced in overall approval rates, by teacher and section. In addition to promoting collaboration among professors, it also improves the teaching quality and suggests a positive impact on the learning of complex subjects in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This comprehensive approach to early monitoring of student performance shows promise for the ongoing improvement of educational quality
Development of Soft Wrinkled Micropatterns on the Surface of 3D-Printed Hydrogel-Based Scaffolds via High-Resolution Digital Light Processing
No full textThe preparation of sophisticated hierarchically structured and cytocompatible hydrogel scaffolds is presented. For this purpose, a photosensitive resin was developed, printability was eval- uated, and the optimal conditions for 3D printing were investigated. The design and fabrication by additive manufacturing of tailor-made porous scaffolds were combined with the formation of sur- face wrinkled micropatterns. This enabled the combination of micrometer-sized channels (100–200 microns) with microstructured wrinkled surfaces (1–3 µm wavelength). The internal pore structure was found to play a critical role in the mechanical properties. More precisely, the TPMS structure with a zero local curvature appears to be an excellent candidate for maintaining its mechanical re- sistance to compression stress, thus retaining its structural integrity upon large uniaxial defor- mations up to 70%. Finally, the washing conditions selected enabled us to produce noncytotoxic materials, as evidenced by experiments using AlamarBlue to follow the metabolic activity of the cells