Institutional Repository Universidad San Sebastián
Not a member yet
9206 research outputs found
Sort by
Propuesta de modelo de sello de accesibilidad en hoteles boutiques
Get PDFIngeniería en Gestión de Expediciones y Ecoturismo, Licenciado en Ciencias de la IngenieríaEsta memoria de título aborda la situación de los alojamientos turísticos en Chile, regulados por la Ley N° 20.422, también conocida como la Ley de Igualdad de Oportunidades e Inclusión Social de Personas con Discapacidad (PESDD), que busca garantizar la igualdad de oportunidades y la inclusión social de personas con discapacidad. Esta normativa define la Accesibilidad Universal y establece medidas para asegurar la plena inclusión social de estas personas. No obstante, en la práctica, las opciones de alojamiento adaptado son limitadas, dificultando la autonomía y comodidad de las personas con discapacidad durante su estancia. La normativa NCh 3285, que regula los hoteles boutique en Chile y que establece requisitos para la calificación de hoteles boutique, diferenciando entre Premium y Classic, con el objetivo de asegurar experiencias de hospedaje de alta calidad, hace referencia a la ley de discapacidad, reconociendo su prioridad sobre las normas técnicas. Sin embargo, este documento no propone mejoras específicas para incrementar la accesibilidad en estos establecimientos. Esta falta de propuestas plantea preocupaciones significativas, ya que excluye a las personas con discapacidad y restringe su acceso a una experiencia satisfactoria en los hoteles boutique. Es esencial recordar que, aunque las normas técnicas son relevantes, las leyes tienen supremacía sobre ellas. Según la normativa NCh 3285: \"Esta norma no establece requisitos que son reglamentarios (por ejemplo: accesibilidad para personas en sillas de ruedas, sistema de protección contra incendios, ordenanza de urbanismo y construcciones y otros), para lo cual se debe aplicar lo establecido por la Autoridad Competente respectiva. Asimismo, aquellos requisitos que por reglamentación aplicable no se puedan cumplir serán eximidos de la norma.\" (Instituto Nacional de Normalización, s.f.). El propósito de la distinción trasciende el mero cumplimiento de la ley. Se aspira a desarrollar un modelo de sello para hotel boutique que sea accesible de manera integral y contemporánea, asegurando una experiencia satisfactoria para todos los huéspedes, sin importar sus capacidades. La investigación propuesta busca evaluar la accesibilidad de los alojamientos boutique en regiones clave de Chile, considerando aspectos arquitectónicos y servicios adaptados. Se plantea analizar la norma de alojamientos xv boutique NCh 3285 vigente, proponer mejoras que promuevan la accesibilidad y aseguren que estos establecimientos cumplan con los requisitos necesarios para obtener una distinción. Además, se sugiere explorar la implementación de un nuevo modelo de distinción que promueva mejoras en la infraestructura y en la hospitalidad accesible, ofreciendo una gama más amplia de opciones para las personas con discapacidad y garantizando una experiencia de viaje más satisfactoria y accesible para todos. El proyecto se centra en recopilar información sobre la accesibilidad de los alojamientos boutique a nivel nacional con el objetivo de proponer mejoras en la normativa actual de hoteles boutique y establecer un nuevo modelo de sello distintivo que promueva y garantice la accesibilidad para todos los huéspedes con discapacidad en estos establecimientos. Se busca establecer estándares que actúen como guía para asegurar prácticas de inclusión y accesibilidad en la industria hotelera. Como herramienta para calificar la accesibilidad de los establecimientos, se desarrolló una tabla de estándares basada en estudios detallados de leyes, normas y certificaciones de distintos países. Esta tabla busca proporcionar una evaluación integral, asegurando que los alojamientos cumplan con los requisitos necesarios para ofrecer una experiencia accesible y satisfactoria para todos los huéspedes. Los estándares creados fueron validados con la organización TurismoInclusivo.cl, garantizando que se ajusten a las necesidades y expectativas de accesibilidad en el contexto chileno.This title thesis addresses the situation of tourist accommodations in Chile, regulated by Law No. 20.422, also known as the Law of Equal Opportunities and Social Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities (PESDD), which seeks to guarantee equal opportunities and social inclusion for people with disabilities. This regulation defines Universal Accessibility and establishes measures to ensure the full social inclusion of these individuals. However, in practice, the options for adapted accommodation are limited, hindering the autonomy and comfort of people with disabilities during their stay. The NCh 3285 regulation, which governs boutique hotels in Chile and establishes requirements for the qualification of boutique hotels, differentiating between Premium and Classic, with the aim of ensuring high-quality lodging experiences, refers to disability law, recognizing its priority over technical standards. However, this document does not propose specific improvements to increase accessibility in these establishments. This lack of proposals raises significant concerns, as it excludes people with disabilities and restricts their access to a satisfactory experience in boutique hotels. It is essential to remember that, although technical standards are relevant, laws take precedence over them. According to regulation NCh 3285: \"This standard does not establish requirements that are regulatory (for example: accessibility for wheelchair users, fire protection system, urban planning and construction ordinance, and others), for which what is established by the respective Competent Authority must be applied. Likewise, those requirements that cannot be met due to applicable regulations will be exempt from the standard.\" (National Institute of Standardization, n.d.). The purpose of the distinction goes beyond mere compliance with the law. The aspiration is to develop a boutique hotel seal model that is comprehensively and contemporarily accessible, ensuring a satisfactory experience for all guests, regardless of their abilities. The proposed research seeks to evaluate the accessibility of boutique accommodations in key regions of Chile, considering architectural aspects and adapted services. It is proposed to analyze the current boutique accommodation standard NCh 3285, propose improvements that promote accessibility, and ensure that these establishments meet the necessary requirements to obtain a distinction. Additionally, exploring the implementation xvii of a new distinction model that promotes improvements in infrastructure and accessible hospitality is suggested, offering a wider range of options for people with disabilities and ensuring a more satisfactory and accessible travel experience for all. The project focuses on gathering information about the accessibility of boutique accommodations nationwide with the aim of proposing improvements to the current boutique hotel regulations and establishing a new distinctive seal model that promotes and ensures accessibility for all guests with disabilities in these establishments. The aim is to establish standards that act as a guide to ensure inclusive and accessible practices in the hotel industry. As a tool for assessing the accessibility of establishments, a standards table was developed based on detailed studies of laws, standards, and certifications from different countries. This table seeks to provide a comprehensive evaluation, ensuring that accommodation meets the necessary requirements to offer an accessible and satisfactory experience for all guests. The created standards were validated with the organization TurismoInclusivo.cl, ensuring that they meet the accessibility needs and expectations in the Chilean context
Un cambio de paradigma en la arquitectura escolarespacios flexibles en escuelas rurales
No full textPublisher Copyright: © (2024), (Universidad Austral de Chile). All rights reserved.La integración de la flexibilidad en los espacios educativos nace de la necesidad de adaptación del entorno físico de aprendizaje ante los requerimientos de la transformación pedagógica del siglo XXI. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar espacios educativos de pequeña escala que se declaran, desde la institucionalidad, alineados con el cambio de paradigma educacional. A partir del desarrollo de una metodología de análisis que evalúa las intenciones arquitectónicas que contribuyen a la flexibilidad de uso y a la flexibilidad espacial, los resultados indicaron que la integración de criterios de diseño ha sido eficiente en los ámbitos de proporción espacial, multifuncionalidad de uso y convertibilidad de los recintos. Sin embargo, se desprende que sería necesario avanzar en la integración de mobiliario y elementos flexibles para promover la adaptación del espacio. Finalmente, se discute la importancia de continuar investigando los aspectos del diseño y en la ocupación de espacios educativos que apoyar los enfoques didácticos emergentes
Lack of canonical activities of connexins in highly aggressive human prostate cancer cells
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.Connexins (Cxs) have the ability to form channels that allow the exchange of ions/metabolites between adjacent cells (gap junction channels, GJC) or between the intra- and extra-cellular compartments (hemichannels, HC). Cxs were initially classified as tumor suppressors. However, more recently, it has been shown that Cxs exert anti- and pro-tumorigenic effects depending on the cell and tissue context. In prostate cancer (PCa), the expression and functionality of Cxs remain highly controversial. Here, we analyzed the expression pattern of Cx26, Cx32, Cx37, Cx40, Cx43 and Cx45 in PCa cell lines with increasing levels of tumor aggressiveness (LNCaP < LNCaP-C4-2 < Du-145 < PC-3). In addition, GJ and HC activities were evaluated in the PCa cell lines using dye coupling and dye uptake assays, respectively. Lastly, the cellular localization of Cx26, Cx32, and Cx43 was analyzed in LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines using immunofluorescence analyses. Our results showed a positive association between the mRNA levels of Cx26, Cx37 and Cx45 and the degree of aggressiveness of PCa cells, a negative association in the case of Cx32 and Cx43, and no clear pattern for Cx40. At the protein level, a negative relationship between the expression of Cx26, Cx32 and Cx43 and the degree of aggressiveness of PCa cell lines was observed. No significant differences were observed for the expression of Cx37, Cx40, and Cx45 in PCa cell lines. At the functional level, only LNCaP cells showed moderate GJ activity and LNCaP and LNCaP-C4-2 cells showed HC activity. Immunofluorescence analyses confirmed that the majority of Cx26, Cx32, and Cx43 expression was localized in the cytoplasm of both LNCaP and PC3 cell lines. This data indicated that GJ and HC activities were moderately detected only in the less aggressive PCa cells, which suggest that Cxs expression in highly aggressive PCa cells could be associated to channel-independent roles.Connexins (Cxs) have the ability to form channels that allow the exchange of ions/metabolites between adjacent cells (gap junction channels, GJC) or between the intra- and extra-cellular compartments (hemichannels, HC). Cxs were initially classified as tumor suppressors. However, more recently, it has been shown that Cxs exert anti- and pro-tumorigenic effects depending on the cell and tissue context. In prostate cancer (PCa), the expression and functionality of Cxs remain highly controversial. Here, we analyzed the expression pattern of Cx26, Cx32, Cx37, Cx40, Cx43 and Cx45 in PCa cell lines with increasing levels of tumor aggressiveness (LNCaP < LNCaP-C4-2 < Du-145 < PC-3). In addition, GJ and HC activities were evaluated in the PCa cell lines using dye coupling and dye uptake assays, respectively. Lastly, the cellular localization of Cx26, Cx32, and Cx43 was analyzed in LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines using immunofluorescence analyses. Our results showed a positive association between the mRNA levels of Cx26, Cx37 and Cx45 and the degree of aggressiveness of PCa cells, a negative association in the case of Cx32 and Cx43, and no clear pattern for Cx40. At the protein level, a negative relationship between the expression of Cx26, Cx32 and Cx43 and the degree of aggressiveness of PCa cell lines was observed. No significant differences were observed for the expression of Cx37, Cx40, and Cx45 in PCa cell lines. At the functional level, only LNCaP cells showed moderate GJ activity and LNCaP and LNCaP-C4-2 cells showed HC activity. Immunofluorescence analyses confirmed that the majority of Cx26, Cx32, and Cx43 expression was localized in the cytoplasm of both LNCaP and PC3 cell lines. This data indicated that GJ and HC activities were moderately detected only in the less aggressive PCa cells, which suggest that Cxs expression in highly aggressive PCa cells could be associated to channel-independent roles
Osmotic response in Leptospirillum ferriphilum isolated from an industrial copper bioleaching environment to sulfate
No full textPublisher Copyright: Copyright © 2024 Arias, Zepeda, Nancucheo, Saldaña and Galleguillos.Iron and sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms play important roles in several natural and industrial processes. Leptospirillum (L.) ferriphilum, is an iron-oxidizing microorganism with a remarkable adaptability to thrive in extreme acidic environments, including heap bioleaching processes, acid mine drainage (AMD) and natural acidic water. A strain of L. ferriphilum (IESL25) was isolated from an industrial bioleaching process in northern Chile. This strain was challenged to grow at increasing concentrations of sulfate in order to assess changes in protein expression profiles, cells shape and to determine potential compatible solute molecules. The results unveiled changes in three proteins: succinyl CoA (SCoA) synthetase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ASD); which were notably overexpressed when the strain grew at elevated concentrations of sulfate. ASD plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine, which was identified along with hydroxyectoine by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The relationship between IDH, SCoA, and ectoine production could be due to the TCA cycle, in which both enzymes produce metabolites that can be utilized as precursors or intermediates in the biosynthesis of ectoine. In addition, distinct filamentous cellular morphology in L. ferriphilum IESL25 was observed when growing under sulfate stress conditions. This study highlights a new insight into the possible cellular responses of L. ferriphilum under the presence of high sulfate levels, commonly found in bioleaching of sulfide minerals or AMD environments
H2O2 Concentration in Exhaled Breath Condensate Increases After Phonotrauma : A Promise of Noninvasive Monitoring?
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2022 The Voice FoundationPurpose: The present study was designed to observe the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) after induced phonotrauma. Methods: Thirty-five participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions (1) Vocal demand and (2) Control. Participants in the experimental group (vocal demand) were asked to read aloud some texts during 1 hour, at 85-90 dB. Inflammation (H2O2 from exhaled breath condensate), acoustic, aerodynamic, and subjective measures were obtained at four time points: before vocal demand (baseline), immediately after baseline, 4-hour after baseline, and 24 hours after baseline. The same acquisition process was implemented for subjects in control group, except that they were not asked to engage in any vocal demand tasks at all. Results: As for biological samples, a significant effect for group was observed. Higher values were found for participants in experimental condition. Significant differences were observed for within contrasts in the experimental group, namely 4 hours against baseline, 4 hours against immediately post, and 24 hours against 4 hours. Instrumental outcomes did not show significant differences across the different conditions at any time points. Self-reported measures (vocal fatigue and sensation of muscle tension) showed a significant main effect for group and main effect for condition. Conclusions: Intense vocal demand causes an increase in the concentration of H2O2 obtained from EBC at four hours after baseline, which is compatible with the generation of an inflammatory process in the vocal folds (phonotrauma). Moreover, the increase in the sensation of vocal fatigue and muscle tension after demand tasks seems to be an immediate reaction that did not match in time with the increment of H2O2 concentration
Diseño de un modelo de gestión de inventario en las asignaciones de activos para el área de planificación central de la dirección de operaciones en la empresa Komatsu Chile S.A
No full textLa empresa es líder en sus ámbitos de negocio, brindando productos y
repuestos para industrias como la minería, construcción y forestal. En un
escenario donde la actividad minera se constituye como una de las principales
actividades económicas del país, Komatsu Chile se ha consolidado como uno
de los principales socios estratégicos en proveer de equipos, repuestos y
servicios a la pequeña, mediana y gran minería chilena.
Komatsu Chile ha logrado una importante presencia de marca en las grandes
mineras chilenas, transformándose además en la empresa con mayor
experiencia en contratos de servicios de mantención a flotas de equipos
mineros, en particular en nuevos proyectos. Actualmente Komatsu Chile tiene
equipos en los principales yacimientos mineros del país.
Es fundamental tener un equipo calificado para cumplir las necesidades de los
clientes tanto a nivel de negocio como a nivel tecnológico, constantemente se
presentan oportunidades y desafíos para entregar el mejor servicio a los
clientes, sobre todo en el ámbito minero. Donde los contratos de mantenimiento
le permiten al cliente externalizar sus necesidades de manutención de equipos,
mayor confiabilidad y una óptima planificación. Es una solución rentable que
ayuda a las empresas a maximizar la vida útil de sus máquinas Komatsu y a
garantizar su rentabilidad a largo plazo. La experiencia adquirida a lo largo de
nuestra historia se procesa en una base de datos en constante crecimiento que
permite analizar tendencias y adelantarnos en las necesidades de
mantenimiento de los equipos.
Además de disponer de la recuperación de componentes defectuosos para
convertirlos “como nuevos” con la misma garantía y durabilidad. Su relación,
precio, calidad y reutilización de piezas y partes, los hace muy competitivos en
el mercado y permiten la disminución de desechos al medio ambiente.
Los problemas sobre la distribución de inventario de estos activos a nivel
nacional provocan en ocasiones que no se disponga en tiempo y forma el recurso para suplir la necesidad de nuestros clientes al instante, por lo que se
hace indispensable cumplir con esta necesidad y entregar una solución óptima
que brinde la seguridad a nuestros clientes del acceso al inventario de forma
inmediata para cumplir con las actividades de mantención en sus equipos.
En el presente informe se pretende identificar las causas que provocan la actual
distribución del inventario y a través de la optimización asegurar el recurso para
los clientes y la continuidad operacional de sus equipos para sus procesos
productivos y rentabilidad de los contratos.The company is a leader in its business areas, providing products and spare
parts for industries such as mining, construction and forestry. In a scenario
where mining is one of the main economic activities in the country, Komatsu
Chile has established itself as one of the main strategic partners in providing
equipment, spare parts and services to small, medium and large Chilean mining
companies.
Komatsu Chile has achieved an important brand presence in large Chilean
mining companies, becoming also the company with the most experience in
maintenance service contracts for mining equipment fleets, particularly in new
projects. Komatsu Chile currently has equipment in the main mining deposits in
the country.
It is essential to have a qualified team to meet the needs of customers both at a
business and technological level, opportunities and challenges constantly arise
to provide the best service to customers, especially in the mining field. Where
maintenance contracts allow the customer to outsource their equipment
maintenance needs, increased reliability and optimal planning. It is a costeffective solution that helps companies maximize the service life of their
Komatsu machines and ensure their long-term profitability. The experience
gained throughout our history is processed in a constantly growing database
that allows us to analyze trends and anticipate equipment maintenance needs.
In addition to the recovery of defective components to convert them “as new”
with the same guarantee and durability. Their relationship, price, quality and
reuse of parts and pieces, make them very competitive in the market and allow
the reduction of waste to the environment. The problems on the distribution of inventory of these assets at national level
sometimes cause that the resource is not available in time and form to meet the
needs of our customers instantly, so it is essential to meet this need and deliver
an optimal solution that provides security to our customers access to inventory
immediately to meet the maintenance activities in their equipment.
This report aims to identify the causes that cause the current distribution of
inventory and through optimization ensure the resource for customers and
operational continuity of their equipment for their production processes and
profitability of contracts
High-Capacity Robots in Early Education: Developing Computational Thinking with a Voice-Controlled Collaborative Robot : Developing Computational Thinking with a Voice-Controlled Collaborative Robot
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.This study investigates the potential of a voice-controlled collaborative robot to promote computational thinking (CT) skills in preschoolers aged 4 to 6 in Southern Chile. During a week-long workshop, 34 children engaged in activities designed to develop several CT components while interacting with a robotic arm. Pre- and post-workshop assessments utilizing the TechCheck-K tool revealed significant improvements in CT skills. The findings of this preliminary study demonstrate the effectiveness of voice-controlled robots as innovative tools in early education, significantly enhancing young learners’ understanding of CT concepts, practices, and perspectives. This research advocates for further exploration of robotic integration in educational settings, highlighting their potential to improve or extend preschool learning environments and foster CT skill development
Un marco simplificado para integrar bases de datos con modelado de información de construcción para la evaluación energética de edificios en zonas multiclimáticas
No full textLos modelos BIM rara vez se utilizan para la certificación energética de edificios. Este artículo analiza las ventajas de vincular dos campos importantes: el modelado de información de construcción (BIM) y los métodos de evaluación ambiental de la construcción (BEAM), presentados como un sistema de calificación y una propuesta para el contexto chileno. Se analiza el estado del arte en ambos campos en todo el mundo, con un examen en profundidad del software BIM actual y las aplicaciones relacionadas, seguido de una discusión sobre investigaciones previas sobre su integración. Se encontró una falta de interoperabilidad y pérdidas de datos entre BIM y BEM. Se presenta una nueva herramienta que aborda estos desafíos para garantizar datos precisos del sistema de calificación, y este nuevo marco se basa en el intercambio de bases de datos y lleva información crucial de las plataformas BIM a BEAM. El desarrollo del método incluye programación BIM (API), enlaces a bases de datos y hojas de cálculo para la certificación energética de un edificio chileno a través de una nueva herramienta, aplicable también a zonas multiclimáticas. Esta nueva herramienta semiautomática permite a los arquitectos modelar su diseño en una plataforma BIM y utilizar esta información como insumo para el proceso de certificación energética. Se discuten el potencial y los riesgos de este método. Se encontraron varias mejoras y mejoras del proceso de certificación energética al incorporar este nuevo marco en comparación con las metodologías actuales
Beyond The Sphere. Au20(PR3)8 as a Spherical Aromatic Cuboctahedron Cluster
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.The icosahedral Au135+ core is a recurrent building block in ligand-protected gold clusters involving an 8-cluster electron 1S21P6 electronic shell. Such a prototypical structure enables a spherical aromatic behavior as given by long-range magnetic shielding. Recently, the Au20(tBu3P)8 cluster featuring a contrasting cuboctahedral core with formally neutral gold atoms appears as a novel core architecture with the potential to be considered as another potential building block towards functional nanostructures. Here, we explore the ligand-core interaction and spherical aromatic characteristics of Au20(tBu3P)8, in order to provide a direct connection to classical icosahedral spherical aromatic compounds, now involving a cuboctahedral core structure. Such characteristics suggest rationalization of their robustness in terms of certain electron counts, enabling a shielding cone property in ligand-protected metallic clusters, which favors bridging organic and inorganic planar/spherical aromatic species towards the unification of the aromaticity concept and designing guidelines for further achievements
Model Predictive Control in Multi-Level Inverters Part I : Basic Strategy and Performance Improvement
No full textPublisher Copyright: © 2020 IEEE.Multilevel inverters (MLIs) have lately become important due to their extended application to electrical transmission and distribution systems. At the same time, the control and modulation of MLIs are especially challenging due to the high number of switching states, many of them redundant in terms of output voltage generation, and their nonlinear characteristics. In order to ease their implementation in real environment, model predictive control (MPC) is often considered, where the main control targets are: 1) to generate a the desired output current and 2) to keep the internal converter capacitor voltages at their reference value. However, a major issue with the implementation of MPC in MLIs is that the number of calculations to be done online increases dramatically with the number of levels, making it almost impossible to apply MPC in some practical cases. For these reasons, one of the main research trend in MPC for MLIs is to provide an algorithm which can reduce the computational burden necessary to operate the control. The article proposes a review of such control techniques. Starting from the basic MPC implementation and using a flying capacitor converter as an example the article review the basic strategies to avoid calculating the weighting factor in the cost function, simplifying the implementation. Also, methods to reduce the number of calculations necessary to implement MPC are shown and applied to cascaded H-bridge converters. These techniques allow to keep an high load current quality while reducing more than 95% in the number of calculations necessary to implement the control. Finally, other operation improvements of MPC are also included, such as fixed switching frequency operation and multistep MPC, reaching an important performance improvement compared to the basic MPC strategy