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Getting a molecular grip on the half-lives of iminothioindoxyl photoswitches
No full textIn: Chemical Science. Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024. ISSN 2041-6520. Vol. 15, no. 35 (2024), pp. 14379-14389.Visible-light-operated photoswitches are of growing interest in reversibly controlling molecular processes, enabling for example the precise spatiotemporal focusing of drug activity and manipulating the properties of materials. Therefore, many research efforts have been spent on seeking control over the (photo)physical properties of photoswitches, in particular the absorption maxima and the half-life. For photopharmacological applications, photoswitches should ideally be operated by visible light in at least one direction, and feature a metastable isomer with a half-life of 0.1–10 seconds. Here we present our efforts towards the engineering of the half-life of iminothioindoxyl (ITI) photoswitches, a recently discovered class of visible-light-responsive photochromes, whose applicability was hitherto limited by half-lives in the low millisecond range. Through the synthesis and characterization of a library of ITI photoswitches, we discovered variants with a substantially increased thermal stability, reaching half-lives of up to 0.2 seconds. Based on spectroscopic and computational analyses, we demonstrate how different substituent positions on the ITI molecule can be used to tune its photophysical properties independently to fit the desired application. Additionally, the unique reactivity of the ITI derivative that featured a perfluoro-aromatic ring and had the most long-lived metastable state was shown to be useful for labeling of nucleophilic functional groups. The present research thus paves the way for using ITI photoswitches in photopharmacology and chemical biology.APVV-20-0098 Svetlom riadené molekulové prepínanie
Ministerstvo školstva, mládeže a telovýchovy ČR 90254 e-INFRA CZ
TAČR CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004587 TECHSCALE: Technologie za hranicí nanosvět
Bankruptcy prediction using first-order autonomous learning multi-model classifier
No full textIn: Statistika : Statistics and Economy Journal. Praha : Český statistický úřad, 2024. ISSN 0322-788X. Vol. 104, no. 4 (2024), pp. 440-464.Research background: Bankruptcy and financial distress prediction has always been an integral part of any financial management system. It gives an indication to stakeholders to take precautionary measures in order to avoid losses. The traditional approaches for prediction, including logistic regression and discriminant analysis, are constrained by their inability to deal with complex and high-dimensional data (Odom and Sharda, 1990; Min and Lee, 2005). Recent developments in the field of machine learning, and particularly autonomous learning classifiers, present a potential proposed alternative.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose a first-order autonomous learning classifier (F-O ALMM0) for predicting bankruptcy of business entities and individuals.
Design/methodology/approach: The data file contained a total of 352 companies obtained from the Kaggle database and incorporating 83 financial ratios. Initially, the model's performance was assessed as a preliminary step, but the results were average, followed by the application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to enhance the quality of the input’s variables. Afterwards, the number of independent variables was reduced to 26. Thus, the results were improved.VEGA 1/0479/23 Výskum cirkulárneho spotrebiteľského správania v kontexte STP marketingového model
Vrijednosna sučelja medijske Covid kulture u elektroničkim medijima
No full textIn: Fluminensia : časopis za filološka istraživanja. Rijeka : Sveučilište u Rijeci, 2024. ISSN 0353-4642. Vol. 36, no. 2 (2024), pp. 431-453.The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a radical division of communities and reformatted a considerable area of interpersonal communication in the contemporary “glocalized” world. Historically and culturally developed standards, flexibly stable communication concepts, and universally applicable codes with a substantial degree of persuasive and expressive force have produced accelerated responses to the special requirements and challenges that contemporary social media discourse needs to, wants to, or can manage. In the pragma-communication ambit covering the COVID-19 issue, what was obviously activated and integrated were the methods and means of professional (medical, psychological, social, economic, political, military) and media discourse, including the extreme persuasiveness, inherent colloquialization, as well as individualization, of the web-based media products. In the context of the delicate thematic and pragmatic spectrum, a culturally specific way of intertextual media presentation of contents, intentions and effects was created at the intersection of the said communication markers. Using an adapted speech acts theory, the study focuses on a socio-pragmatic definition of interfaces in a so-called covid-culture value area, which occurs in contemporary online press featuring opinion journalism.VEGA 1/0662/22 Hodnotový potenciál kontextovej expresivity v onlinových novinách a časopisoc
Organizational setup of sport in the world as a tool for supporting the healthy lifestyle of the population
No full textIn: Aplikovaná psychologie = Applied Psychology. Praha : Vysoká škola aplikované psychologie, 2024. ISSN 2336-8276. Roč. 9, č. 17 (2024), s. 1498-1521.The support of sports and sports activities of the population forms the basis of public policy in the field of sports of the European Union. As such, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial activity represent the absolute basis not only of modern economies, but also of economic sciences, while entrepreneurship in the sports sector has, in addition to a non-negligible macroeconomic impact, many other social benefits in the form of positive externalities of the sport itself. The aim of the article was to identify and quantify the impact of the total volume of public funds invested in sports and the impact of the organizational setup of sports on the sports activity of the population of the European Union countries. On the basis of the performed regression analysis and the available empirical secondary data, it was demonstrated that the volume of public funds invested in sports and the organizational setup of sports at individual levels of the state establishment (and the related allocation of public funds at individual levels of the state establishment) have no effect on the sports activity of the country's population
Inkluzívny prístup k učeniu cudzích jazykov
No full textVysokoškolská učebnica je určená pre študentov učiteľstva cudzích jazykov a študentov učiteľstva pre primárne vzdelávanie, ktorí sa špecializujú na učenie cudzích jazykov. Je odpoveďou na potreby školskej praxe, v ktorej stále viac rezonuje požiadavka akceptácie rozmanitosti vzdelávacích potrieb žiakov. Prináša odpovede na otázky ako učiť cudzí jazyk tak, aby boli naplnené princípy rovnosti šancí vo vzdelávaní a inklúzie. Ponúka priestor pre úvahy nad významom učenia sa cudzích jazykov v kontexte celostného rozvoja osobnosti každého žiaka či žiačky, bez ohľadu na jeho zdravotný stav či podmienky života.KEGA 011UMB-4/2022 Tvorba webového portálu metodickej podpory výučby cudzích jazykov v primárnom vzdelávaníAPVV-22-0450 Program rozvoja jazykových spôsobilostí detí s odlišným materinským jazykom v slovenskom jazyku – tvorba a overovani
Factor principal congruences and Boolean products in filtral varieties
No full textIn: Algebra Universalis. Basel : Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2024. ISSN 0002-5240. Vol. 85, no. 19 (2024), pp. 1-23.Motivated by Haviar and Ploščica’s 2021 characterisation of Boolean products of simple De Morgan algebras, we investigate Boolean products of simple algebras in filtral varieties. We provide two main theorems. The first yields Werner’s Boolean-product representation of algebras in a discriminator variety as an immediate application. The second, which applies to algebras in which the top congruence is compact, yields a generalisation of the Haviar–Ploščica result to semisimple varieties of Ockham algebras. The property of having factor principal congruences is fundamental to both theorems. While major parts of our general theorems can be derived from results in the literature, we offer new, self-contained and essentially elementary proofs.VEGA 1/0152/22 Usporiadané algebraické štruktúr
МІГРАЦІЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНІЙ ТА СХІДНІЙ ЄВРОПІ ПІД ЧАС ВЕЛИКОЇ ВІЙНИ ТА У ПОВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД (1914–1922)
No full textIn: The Great War 1914 - 1918: Comprehending the Tragic Experience : scientific monograph / ed. O. V. Dobrzhanskyi, V. P. Fisanov ; rec. Zuliak Ivan Stepanovych, Marchuk Vasyl Vasylovych, Strilchuk Liudmyla Vasylivna. 1. vyd. Riga : Baltija Publishing, 2024. ISBN 978-9934-26-441-2. Pp. 259-295.Проаналізовано міграційні процеси у Центрально-Східній Європі, спричинені Першою світовою війною (1914–1918). Під впливом війни, масового поширення насильства та подальшої радикалізації націоналізму відбулися прояви міграційних процесів у вигляді евакуацій, депортацій, хвиль біженців, переселень, інтернування, репатріацій. Це були масштабні і значною мірою примусові переміщення населення, яких цивілізований світ ще не знав. Війна також призвела до розпаду багатонаціональних імперій і появи національних держав-спадкоємиць у повоєнний період. Континент з півночі на південь і з заходу на схід розірвали розломи, в яких люди боролися за те, хто будe більшістю, а хто залишиться меншістю. Повоєнні хвилі біженців і вимушених переселень (1918–1922) наблизилися до масштабів міграції часів Великої війни
Translating Russian literature in Soviet and Post-Soviet Ukraine
No full textIn: Translating Russian literature in the global context. 1. vyd. Cambridge : Open Book Publishers, 2024. ISBN 978-1-80064-983-5. Pp. 295-320.The chapter describes Russian-Ukrainian literary translation from the early 1920s to the early 2020s within the so-called "common cultural space". The study distinguishes the following stages in Russian-Ukrainian translation: 1) 1917-1926 – the formation of Russian-Ukrainian literary translation with poetry translation playing a leading role; 2) 1927-1932 – an increase in the number of translations of Russian prose, including multi-volume editions; establishment of a philologically accurate translation focused on the style of the source; 3) 1933-1945 – ideologisation of translation norms, a change in the method of translation to one that is reader-oriented, and retranslations; 4) 1945 - mid-1950 – mass-market editions of Russian classics and the spread of "edited translations"; Russian becomes the predominant source language; 5) mid-1950 - 1972 – condemnation of literalism in translations from or through Russian and resistance to Russification; 6) 1972 - 1991 – translation of mainly contemporary Russian authors, in particular "rural" and "lieutenant's prose"; 7) 1991 - 1999 – reduction of the number of translations of Russian literature and mass publications of translations into Russian; 8) 1999-2014 – distancing of the Ukrainian book market from Russian and translations of Russian-speaking writers of Ukraine; 9) 2014-2022 – curbing of the "common information space" with Russia; translations of Russian-speaking writers from the former Soviet republics. The work argues that Russian-Ukrainian translation has both bright and dark sides: on the one hand, it allowed Ukrainian culture to absorb the experience of Russian culture, its literary forms and ideas, thereby contributing to the advancement of Ukrainian literature, and on the other hand, through the Russian language and translations from Russian, the Soviet cultural space was established, which was deliberately isolated from the world cultural space and was supposed to replace it, contributing to the Russification of the Ukrainian language and the provincialisation of Ukrainian literature.Plán obnovy a odolnosti SR 09I03-03-V01-00148 Štipendiá pre excelentných výskumníkov z Ukrajin
MOTUS IN VERBO : collectanea disputationum doctorandorum quodlibetalium 2 – 3
No full textV doktorandskom quodlibete pravidelne ponúkame priestor vám, denným a externým doktorandom FF UMB, sformulovať tézy o svojom výskume (predmete dizertácie), obhájiť ich pred kolegami a argumentačne presvedčiť o význame svojho výskumu. Svoj výskum máte možnosť odprezentovať so zaručenou ochranou akademickej slobody slova, populárno-náučne, zaujímavo a s nadhľadom
Asistované prostredie pre nevidiacich – bývanie, pracovisko a počítač
No full textPublikácia nadväzuje na vývoj jednotlivých pomôcok pre ľudí so zrakovým znevýhodnením. Zameriava sa na nové trendy, ktoré reprezentujú asistované prostredia pre nevidiacich. Asistované prostredia môžu byť užitočné v oblasti bývania, zamestnania, vzdelávania a v oblasti voľnočasových aktivít. Obsah publikácie je členený na tri časti, ktoré spolu súvisia:
1. Analýza súčasného stavu vývoja pomôcok a asistovaných prostredí pre nevidiacich. Analýza a špecifikácia funkcií a prínosov asistovaných prostredí na úrovni súčasného vedeckého poznania.
2. Návrh a opis nových rozšírení asistovaných prostredí pre nevidiacich, testovanie ich využiteľnosti v praxi a dokazovanie pomocou metodiky kognitívneho priechodu (Cognitive Walkthrough) ich účelnosti vo všeobecnosti pre celú komunitu nevidiacich ľudí na svete.
3. Návrh ďalšieho smerovania výskumu v oblasti vzdelávania nevidiacich študentov s aplikovaním asistenčných technológií z pohľadu pedagogických a sociálnych vied.
Vývoj asistovaného prostredia pre nevidiacich členíme na sedem paralelne vyvíjaných smerov:
a) sprostredkovanie informácií o interiéri,
b) sprostredkovanie informácií o exteriéri,
c) obsluha zariadení asistovaného prostredia budovy,
d) asistencia pri vzdelávaní a voľnočasových aktivitách,
e) asistencia pri práci v oblasti informatiky,
f) asistencia pri práci v oblasti elektrotechniky,
g) asistencia pri správe energetických systémov.
Publikácia opisuje vývoj prototypu systému asistovaného prostredia, ktorý je v súčasnosti testovaný už dvadsať rokov. Odhliadnuc od vedeckého významu tohto projektu, v rámci inžinierskych cyklov vývoja vznikol funkčný produkt, ktorého komponenty sú prakticky využiteľné pri práci nevidiacich s počítačom, pri práci nevidiacich v oblasti informatiky a elektrotechniky. Dôležitým výstupom je asistenčný softvér, ktorý je priamo využiteľný pri vzdelávaní nevidiacich študentov základných a stredných škôl v predmete fyzika. Ide o asistenciu pri meraní a zapájaní elektrických obvodov. Súčasťou výskumu sú navrhované postupy používania elektrického náradia nevidiacimi ľuďmi. Pri návrhu postupov a výbere náradia sa kladie dôraz na bezpečnosť práce. Praktické zručnosti nevidiacich sú využiteľné v domácnosti, v zamestnaní a pri voľnočasových aktivitách