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Zbierka úloh z organickej syntézy pre riešiteľov chemickej olympiády
No full textPublikácia Zbierka úloh z organickej syntézy pre riešiteľov chemickej olympiády prináša prehľad úloh, ktoré sme vytvorili a otestovali počas práce s talentovanými žiakmi na Katedre chémie FPV UMB v Banskej Bystrici v rámci platformy Homo Chemicus. Hoci pôvodným zámerom bola príprava žiakov na riešenie chemickej olympiády, predkladané úlohy je možné využiť aj na stredných školách, napríklad v rámci chemického krúžku. Námety na úlohy sme čerpali z viacerých tlačených zbierok a z internetu. Každá úloha bola modifikovaná tak, aby bola v súlade s bezpečnostnými požiadavkami kladenými na prácu s chemikáliami na ZŠ a SŠ. Vo všetkých úlohách je uvedený priemerný výťažok a séria nadväzujúcich teoretických otázok tak, ako je to zvykom v úlohách chemickej olympiády
Melanie Klein: biografia a jej vybrané koncepty aplikované do sociálnej práce
No full textIn: Mládež a spoločnosť = Youth and Society : slovenský časopis pre štátnu politiku a výskum mládeže. Bratislava : Centrum vedecko-technických informácií SR, 2025. ISSN 1335-1109. Roč. 31, č. 2-3 (2025), s. 17-33.Melanie Klein (1882 – 1960), významná priekopníčka detskej psychoanalýzy a kľúčová predstaviteľka teórie objektových vzťahov, zásadným spôsobom ovplyvnila chápanie raného detstva a jeho dopadu na formovanie osobnosti. Článok sa zameriava na stručné ukázanie jej života a na vysvetlenie základných teoretických konceptov, akými sú rané vzťahy k objektom, mechanizmus štiepenia a projektívnej identifikácie. Tieto východiská, hoci pôvodne nesmerovali k sociálnej práci, poskytujú cenný teoretický rámec pre túto oblasť. V sociálnej práci nachádzajú uplatnenie predovšetkým pri práci s deťmi a rodinami, kde pomáhajú pri porozumení vzťahovej dynamiky, empatie a nevedomých procesov klientov. Príspevok poukazuje na význam Kleinovej konceptov pre podporu efektívnej a citlivej pomoci ľuďom v rôznych životných situáciách.
Melanie Klein (1882 – 1960), a pioneering figure in child psychoanalysis and a key representative of object relations theory, significantly influenced the understanding of early childhood and its impact on personality development. This article provides a brief overview of her life and explains her fundamental theoretical concepts, such as early object relations, the mechanism of splitting, and projective identification. Although her work was not originally aimed at social work, it offers a valuable theoretical framework for this field. In social work, these concepts are particularly applied in practice with children and families, facilitating the understanding of relational dynamics, empathy, and clients’ unconscious processes. The paper highlights the relevance of Klein’s contributions for fostering effective and sensitive support to people in diverse life situations
Analysis of children's conceptions of reading, writing and counting
No full textIn: 15th International Conference The Future of Education : conference proceedings : hybrid edition. 1. vyd. Bologna : Filodiritto Publisher, 2025. ISBN 979-12-80225-85-6. ISSN 2384-9509. Pp. 810-817.The aim of this work is to describe and interpret children's ideas about the concepts of reading, writing, and arithmetic using a qualitative approach. Phenomenological analysis made it possible to identify and describe themes that are typical of ideas about the meaning of the concepts of reading, writing, and arithmetic in a selected group of children (Koutná Kostínková and Čermák, 2013). In individual interviews, eight children aged five to six answered the following questions: descriptive "What is it?", applicative "What is it for?", evaluative "What would happen if it weren't there?" and a question about the source of knowledge "How do you know that?". The questions were clarified and developed in the interviews to reveal the unique experiences of the children as much as possible (Babiaková, 2019). The transcripts of the interviews were analyzed by first formulating themes for each child individually and then for the whole group. Based on the gradual discovery of relationships and their graphical representation, groups of themes were created. The overarching themes of the concept of reading were books, fairy tales, learning, and wisdom. For the concept of writing, it was writing names and words, and for the concept of counting, it was counting something and writing numbers. Children most often associated the processes of writing, reading, and counting with family, seeking knowledge, and practical activities that use them. Conceptualizations suggest that children talked about these processes based on sensory and practical experiences (Bloom, 2015). These findings may be useful in adapting preschool education content to children's conceptual ideas, experiences, and abilities.VEGA 1/0505/24 Detské prekoncepty o fenoménoch čitateľskej gramotnost
Od smart (rozumného) vládnutia k otvorenému vládnutiu v miestnej samospráve
No full textCieľom vedeckej knihy je preskúmať prepojenie princípov smart a otvoreného vládnutia, preskúmať možnosti ich implementácie v podmienkach slovenských samospráv a predstaviť model optimálnej otvorenej samosprávy reflektujúci požiadavky digitálnej doby. V rámci realizovaného empirického výskumu sme sa zamerali na preskúmanie prístupu okresných miest Slovenskej republiky k budovaniu otvorenosti a miery implementácie princípov otvorenosti v praxi prostredníctvom nástrojov a metód, ktoré v sebe integrujú prvky inteligentného vládnutia. Na základe výsledkov výskumu v konfrontácii s teoretickými východiskami publikácia predstavuje model optimálnej otvorenej samosprávy s vymedzením jej špecifík a nástrojov v digitálnej dobe. Dopĺňa ho o príklady dobrej praxe, ktoré môžu slúžiť ako inšpirácia pre slovenské mestá, ak majú ambíciu napredovať v otvorenom a inteligentom spravovaní svojho mesta, a taktiež formuluje praktické odporúčania pre zavádzanie otvoreného vládnutia v miestnych samosprávach.VEGA 1/0311/23 Otvorená miestna samospráv
Korygowanie postawy ciała i stóp w karate: wpływ koncepcji elektronicznej stopy Propriofoot na postawę ciała u dzieci poniżej 12 roku życia
No full textIn: Ido Movement for Culture : Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology. Rzeszów : Stowarzyszenie Idōkan Polska, 2025. ISSN 2084-3763. Vol. 25, no. 3 (2025), pp. 44-52.Background. Correct posture, both body and foot, is essential in karate for maintaining balance, generating power, and preventing injury. Despite its importance, correcting improper posture remains challenge, particularly in children under 12 years of age who are still undergoing physical development. This age group requires more time and structured guidance to master correct posture.
Problem and aim. Interventions aimed at improving posture in karate, especially for children under 12, represent a significant area of research. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, notable gaps persist in the literature within the Slovak context. Therefore, the aim of this study was to experimentally validate the impact of the Propriofoot Concept on posture improvement in young karate practitioners under the age of 12.
Material and methods. A 10-week intervention program (Propriofoot Concept) was conducted from September 2 to November 8, 2024, with sessions held three times per week, each lasting 10 minutes. The program targeted 8 children (50%) under 12 years of age in the experimental group (mean age: 10.40 ± 0.60 years; weight: 38.20 ± 2.40 kg; height: 138.60 ± 2.40 cm). The control group also consisted of 8 children (50%) under 12 years of age (mean age: 10.80 ± 0.80 years; weight: 36.40 ± 2.20 kg; height: 136.20 ± 2.40 cm), who did not receive any experimental stimulus. Posture evaluation was performed using a standardized method, Klein and Thomas’s, refined by Mayer and Srdecny’s Index Method. Assessments were conducted before (Week 1, September 2) and after (Week 10, November 8, 2024) the intervention. The impact of the program was statistically evaluated using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, and Pearson’s r.
Results. The 10-week intervention program significantly improved posture in the experimental group (n = 8, 50%), with results showing statistically significant improvements (p 0.05).
Conclusions. The absence of significant improvements in the control group highlights the importance of structured intervention programs in correcting posture among young karate athletes. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions that support motor learning, posture correction, and motivation, particularly for children under 12 years of age engaged in karate training
Tobii Eye Tracking device and development of unity applications
No full textIn: IPSI transactions on internet research : multi-, inter-, and trans-disciplinary issues in computer science and engineering. Belehrad : IPSI, 2025. ISSN 1820-4503. Vol. 21, no. 2 (2025), pp. 28-37.Technology companies continuously innovate and develop new devices and software solutions that facilitate user interaction with smart technologies. The pace of development varies, with some devices advancing more rapidly than others. This article focuses on developing applications for the Tobii Eye Tracking device, which allows users to control a computer solely with their eye movements without needing a mouse or keyboard. We present two applications we have developed using the Unity game engine. These applications can assist individuals with disabilities in communicating via a computer or serve as a demonstration of how eye-tracking technology can be used for gaming. The first application introduces users to this technology. The player moves across the screen and attempts to collect points by focusing on green balls while avoiding red ones. The second application focuses on writing and drawing using only eye movements. This application is particularly useful for individuals with disabilities, providing them with an accessible way to interact with a computer.KEGA 001UMB-4/2023 Implementácia blended learningu do prípravy profesijného bakalára z informatiky a budúcich učiteľov matematiky a informatik
Is it possible to build a stable ex-ante bankruptcy prediction model for Visegrad Group companies? A multi-year approach
No full textIn: Journal of International Studies. Ternopil : Centre of Sociological Research, 2025. ISSN 2071-8330. Vol. 18, no. 2 (2025), pp. 159-176.Corporate bankruptcies pose significant challenges, impacting a wide range of stakeholders. While valuable, existing research on bankruptcy prediction primarily focuses on ex-post analysis, identifying financial indicators associated with past failures. This approach offers limited utility in proactively mitigating the negative consequences of future corporate distress. This study addresses this critical gap by developing ex-ante bankruptcy prediction models for the Visegrad Group countries. Employing Multiple Discriminant Analysis, these models are aimed at identifying companies at risk of bankruptcy up to five years before the event. A multi-model approach is utilized to construct a comprehensive V4 model that encompasses all four nations and develop individual models for each member country. Data from a sample of 25,084 companies incorporates 15 key financial ratios and 5 non-financial variables. The ratios differ significantly between bankrupt and solvent companies, and each model is calibrated with a single cut-off that caps the in-sample Type II error at 10%. Ex-ante evaluation, however, shows that this restriction does not halt the erosion of correct identification of failed firms. Rather, it drops from 90% in the test year to about one-third at a five-year horizon, even though classification of healthy firms remains above 95% and overall accuracy stays above 92%. The V4 model performed well, indicating that companies across the region share similar financial characteristics. Notably, two financial ratios, Net Income to Total Liabilities / Total Assets (X06) and Net Income / Total Assets (X04), consistently proved to be reliable indicators of financial health in all the examined models. These ratios are important because they help identify companies with strong financial stability across the V4 countries.VEGA 1/0479/23 Výskum cirkulárneho spotrebiteľského správania v kontexte STP marketingového modelu
VEGA 1/0120/25 Výskum paradigiem a determinantov procesov riadenia a implementácie ESG v kontexte požadovanej finančnej výkonnosti podnikov a zmien vyplývajúcich z CSRD smernic
Zmeny na trhu rezidenčných nehnuteľnosti v krajoch Slovenska
No full textIn: Acta aerarii publici : vedecký časopis Ekonomickej fakulty Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici. Banská Bystrica : Vydavateľstvo Univerzity Mateja Bela - Belianum, 2025. ISSN 1336-8818. Roč. 22, č. 2 (2025), s. 1-15.This paper examines the veracity of the data concerning residential real estate in all 8 Slovak regions. The research addresses the most significant factors in housing affordability, vacancy rates, and government policies' effects on market trends. The analysis in eight regions identifies major trends such as income stagnation, speculative ownership, and demographic change. Results point towards an increased mismatched housing demand and supply, especially in the form of excessive vacancy and urban-rural disparity. The study highlights the need for comprehensive policy interventions, from taxation to regulation of empty flats and investment in social housing.VEGA 1/0449/23 Rozvoj obcí na Slovensku z hľadiska spotrebiteľských príležitostí v postkrízovom prostred
Socio-economic status and biological characteristics of students from generation Z in France, Slovakia and Poland
No full textIn: Anthropological Review. Łódź : Uniwersytet Lódzki, 2025. ISSN 1898-6773. Vol. 88, no. 3 (2025), pp. 1-15.Generation Z, unlike any generation before them, lives in an era of rapid and global technological change, where most activities take place online. This lifestyle has significant implications for the well-being and health of internet users. The question is whether the contemporary socio-economic status (SES) and biological profile of Generation Z ‘immersed’ in new technologies is a universal phenomenon, independent of the country of residence. This study sets out to identify similarities and differences in the socio-economic and biological characteristics of Generation Z students from three European Union countries. Data were collected directly in France, Slovakia, and Poland. We used a survey questionnaire and non-invasive anthropometric measurements in Generation Z respondents (n=157). Our results show that there is a significant relationship between country of residence and three SES indicators: income, self-rated financial situation and time spent online, as well as three biological measures: body mass index (BMI), relative fat mass (RFM) and waist circumference (WC). Country of residence only partly explains the similarities and differences in the socio-economic status and biological characteristics of Generation Z students. In terms of SES, the participants’ profile is significantly influenced by financial situation, i.e. the student’s monthly disposable income and self-assessed financial situation, as well as time spent online. In turn, for biological factors, the significant measures are: BMI, RFM and WC.Minister of Science in Poland RID/SP/0045/2024/01 Regional Excellence Initiativ
Efficiency of administrative proceedings in the field of offenses in Slovakia
No full textIn: Auspicia : recenzovaný vědecký časopis pro otázky společenských a humanitních věd. České Budějovice : Vysoká škola evropských a regionálních studií, 2025. ISSN 2464-7217. Roč. 22, č. 1 (2025), s. 57-65.Offenses represent unlawful actions and undesirable antisocial behavior. The issue of efficiency in administrative proceedings regarding offences has come to the forefront in Slovakia due to an amendment to the Criminal Code, effective as of 6 August 2024. The efficiency of administrative proceedings is influenced by various factors, primarily the quality of offence investigation, the professional competence of state employees, and staff number. This study quantitatively and qualitatively examines these factors using data from two district offices in the years 2021–2023. The results confirm the validity and justification of our assumptions