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Organizational innovation and leadership styles in healthcare with the mediating role of organizational culture
No full textIntroduction: Innovation in healthcare organizations is essential to provide high-quality patient care. The theories of leadership and innovation have established a strong relationship between leadership styles and organizational
innovation. The study examined the relationship between leadership styles and organizational innovation in the healthcare sector as perceived by medical doctors. The mediating effect of organizational culture on relationships was also
tested. Methods: This applied study employed a cross-sectional survey design and data was collected using an online and standard questionnaire. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to draw a sample from the
population that consisted of medical doctors working full-time for the five largest public sector hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive and inferential statistics (Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis) using SPSS and Smart-PLS software. Results: The results suggested that there are significant and positive relationships between leadership styles and organizational innovation (p = 0.000, p = 0.030). The indirect path analysis of mediation revealed that organizational culture mediated the relationship between the three leadership styles and organizational innovation (p0.05) after incorporating organizational culture as a mediator, proving its impact on innovation. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the significance of paying attention to the leadership style of healthcare supervisors as it potentially has an impact on administrative and technological innovation. The study provides empirical evidence to healthcare managers and policymakers on the essential
traits of healthcare supervisors who can promote innovation. The study also provides evidence of the importance of a supportive workplace culture that promotes innovative behaviors among medical doctors
Communication to protect brand image during a terrorism crisis: Application of situational crisis communication theory (SSCT)
No full textWe examined the impact of attributed responsibility and crisis communication for a terrorism crisis on brand image. This crisis scenario involved the loss of life. Using an experimental design methodology and based on the response of 209 respondents, we find that brand image, as expected decreases post‐terrorism. Various types of communication responses were ranked as appropriate and assessed as to impact on the brand. We found that during an event involving the loss of life, the public wanted the brand to apologize and compensate for the grief and loss, irrespective of attribution. The least appropriate communication strategies were justification and excuse and inappropriate communication decreased brand image more than after the attack. This could be because there was insufficient information at that moment to prove guilt or innocence, and the public wanted some form of retribution, perhaps as
لى الشركات بناء الحوكمة الخوارزماتية استباقاً للتشريعات
No full textAlgorithm governance involves establishing rules and practices for creating and employing algorithms within AI technologies tailored for specific purposes. Unlike a mere charter or ethical guidelines, it encompasses comprehensive measures to guarantee the proper functioning of the algorithm and prevent issues such as technological discrimination and legal non-compliance. Similar to a law, effective algorithm governance requires the implementation of a judicial system to ensure continuous assessment and enforcement of compliance.
In this policy brief, we explore the foundational aspects of algorithm governance, initially applied to a specific use case and subsequently extended to diverse scenarios to assess scalability. The iterative and agile methodology employed by teams is crucial for adjusting the company's governance framework during deployment within the organization. This approach ensures the design of algorithms that prioritize inclusivity, respect for citizens, and environmental considerations. Moreover, by publicly communicating and sharing its governance principles, the company actively contributes to legislative debates, influencing the formulation of future laws that govern algorithms in a relevant and sustainable manner.
تتضمن حوكمة الخوارزميات وضع قواعد وممارسات لإنشاء واستخدام خوارزميات ضمن تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي المصممة لأغراض محددة. وخلافًا لميثاق أو مبادئ توجيهية أخلاقية، فإنها تشمل تدابير شاملة لضمان حسن سير الخوارزمية ومنع مشاكل مثل التمييز التكنولوجي وعدم الامتثال القانوني. وكما هو الحال في القانون، تتطلب حوكمة الخوارزميات الفعالة تطبيق نظام قضائي لضمان التقييم المستمر وتطبيق الامتثال.
في هذا الموجز السياسي، نستكشف الجوانب الأساسية لحوكمة الخوارزميات، التي طُبقت في البداية على حالة استخدام محددة، ثم وُسِّعت لتشمل سيناريوهات متنوعة لتقييم قابلية التوسع. وتُعد المنهجية التكرارية والرشيقة التي تستخدمها الفرق أمرًا بالغ الأهمية لتعديل إطار حوكمة الشركة أثناء نشرها داخل المؤسسة. يضمن هذا النهج تصميم خوارزميات تُعطي الأولوية للشمولية واحترام المواطنين والاعتبارات البيئية. علاوة على ذلك، من خلال التواصل العلني ومشاركة مبادئ الحوكمة الخاصة بها، تُساهم الشركة بنشاط في المناقشات التشريعية، مما يؤثر على صياغة القوانين المستقبلية التي تحكم الخوارزميات بطريقة مناسبة ومستدامة
The Relationship Between UAE Advanced National Skills and The Future Innovation Skills in The Public Sector
No full textGovernments around the world are finding innovative ways to serve their citizens and stay competitive. The United Arab Emirates has introduced a number of initiatives to develop its workforce to be the most innovative in the delivery of public services to its citizens and expatriates alike. However, it is unclear to what extent the national advanced skills may have contributed to improving core innovation skills among public sector employees. The underlying study surveyed public sector employees to investigate the relationship between the UAE national advanced skills strategy and core innovation skills for public sector employees as identified by the OECD. The UAE advanced national skills are divided into foundational literacies, competencies, and character qualities. The six core skills identified by OECD consisted of iteration, data literacy, user-centricity, curiosity, storytelling, and insurgency. Data were collected from 369 employees working in the public sector in various positions in Dubai government entities. The findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between the national advanced skills of the UAE and future innovation skills as perceived by the public sector employees. National advanced skills scored a mean of 3.65 indicating that employees have a medium to a high perception that they possess these skills. In addition, among the six core innovation skills, the employees rated their level of curiosity with a mean score of 3.77. It may be concluded that national advanced skills have significantly and positively impacted and will continue to impact the core innovation skills of the public sector workforce in the UAE
الوقاية من السمنة لدى الأطفال في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة
No full textAll nations deal with obesity. Global obesity prevention is barely successful. Few Latin American countries reduced obesity. Marketing's unchecked impact on poor eating choices is a major cause of the epidemic. International health groups have recommended minimizing children's exposure to unhealthy food marketing, but progress has been slow and primarily industry-led, less effective than statutory alternatives. Marketing from childhood shapes values. Even 3-year-olds can get hooked on brands. Childhood habits are usually lifelong. This policy brief updates the 2016 analysis. Secondary research and literature review on the latest global and national studies outline interventions to improve childhood obesity epidemiology in the UAE and internationally to identify new issues, lessons learned, and solutions. UAE obesity, international standards, and government childhood obesity policies were examined to discover what actions are still delayed or unimplemented. To improve food and activity environments, governments must lead, advocate for a multi-sector response, and formulate and implement policies (laws and regulations). They need more consistent financing to eliminate obesogenic settings and encourage healthy eating and exercise.
يلعب الابتكار دورًا متزايد الأهمية في تحديد المسارات الاقتصادية التي يجب أن تنتجها الدول. وتشير حقبة ما بعد كوفيد-19 إلى أن وتيرة انتعاش الاقتصاد وقدرته على الصمود في مواجهة الصدمات الخارجية تتوقف على مدى قوة النظام البيئي للابتكار، والذي تشكل "التكتلات /المجموعات" أحد مكوناته الأساسية. وموجز السياسات يقدم نظرة عامة عن خصائص التكتلات ( المجموعات) الناجحة والأدوار العديدة التي تلعبها في تعزيز الابتكار على المستوى الوطني. والموجز يسلط الضوء على الطرق التي ساعدت بها أنظمة التكتلات/ المجموعات القوية في تقليل تأثير الوباء على الجهات المعنية بالابتكار. واستنادًا إلى الأبحاث لأولية المكثفة، يعرض الموجز لتوصيات تتعلق بالسياسات التي يجب أن تنتهجها المجموعات المعنية بالابتكار، والتي يمكن أن تضيف المزيد من القيمة الاقتصادية في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة
تقرير مؤشر أهداف التنمية المستدامة ولوحات المعلومات للمنطقة العربية 2023
No full textAs the Arab region approaches the midpoint of the Decade of Action for delivering the goals, taking actions to accelerate the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is now more critical than ever. Faced with growing developmental needs, countries in the Arab region stand to benefit, individually and collectively, if they actively pursue the achievement of SDGs on all fronts. These efforts should target generating impactful positive outcomes in every single domain of sustainable development for all Arab countries; a monumental collective challenge. To successfully steer efforts in pursuit of the SDGs, accurate and representative evidence should be made available to policy makers, among all other stakeholders. Utilizing data-driven approaches empowers all stakeholders to identify challenges and make informed decisions towards realizing the sustainable development goals.
At this crucial juncture, the aim of the Arab Region SDG Index and Dashboards 2023 Report is to provide a data-driven practical tool for governments, policymakers and other stakeholders to measure progress on the SDGs, and to highlight implementation challenges and data gaps, as a foundation for actions.
Practically, the Index comprises 113 indicators covering the 17 SDGs, each of which have an assigned score (0–100) and a traffic light color (green, yellow, orange, or red) to indicate performance. In addition, arrows visually indicate trends in progress towards achieving the goals for those indicators where data for multiple years are available. Among the indicators, the 2023 Arab Region Index has 29 unique indicators that specifically reflect regional priorities and challenges.
The findings of this report come at a point when the Arab region hosts the 28th United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of Parties (COP) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which follows another COP hosted regionally, the 27th COP in Egypt. Therefore, this edition of the Arab Index, includes a section dedicated to highlighting findings related to environmental sustainability and climate action.
مع اقتراب المنطقة العربية من منتصف عقد العمل لتحقيق الأهداف، أصبح اتخاذ إجراءات لتسريع تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة أكثر أهمية من أي وقت مضى. وفي مواجهة الاحتياجات التنموية المتزايدة، ستستفيد دول المنطقة العربية، فرديًا وجماعيًا، إذا سعت بنشاط لتحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة على جميع الأصعدة. وينبغي أن تستهدف هذه الجهود تحقيق نتائج إيجابية مؤثرة في كل مجال من مجالات التنمية المستدامة لجميع الدول العربية؛ وهو تحدٍّ جماعي هائل. ولتوجيه الجهود بنجاح نحو تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة، ينبغي توفير أدلة دقيقة وتمثيلية لصانعي السياسات، من بين جميع أصحاب المصلحة الآخرين. إن استخدام النُهُج القائمة على البيانات يُمكّن جميع أصحاب المصلحة من تحديد التحديات واتخاذ قرارات مستنيرة نحو تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة.
في هذه المرحلة الحاسمة، يهدف تقرير مؤشر أهداف التنمية المستدامة ولوحات المعلومات للمنطقة العربية 2023 إلى توفير أداة عملية قائمة على البيانات للحكومات وصانعي السياسات وأصحاب المصلحة الآخرين لقياس التقدم المحرز في تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة، وتسليط الضوء على تحديات التنفيذ وفجوات البيانات، كأساس للإجراءات.
عمليًا، يتألف المؤشر من 113 مؤشرًا تغطي أهداف التنمية المستدامة السبعة عشر، ولكل منها درجة محددة (0-100) ولون إشارة مرور (أخضر، أصفر، برتقالي، أو أحمر) للإشارة إلى الأداء. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تشير الأسهم بصريًا إلى اتجاهات التقدم نحو تحقيق أهداف المؤشرات التي تتوفر بياناتها لسنوات متعددة. من بين المؤشرات، يحتوي مؤشر المنطقة العربية لعام 2023 على 29 مؤشرًا فريدًا تعكس تحديدًا الأولويات والتحديات الإقليمية.
تأتي نتائج هذا التقرير في وقت تستضيف فيه المنطقة العربية مؤتمر الأطراف الثامن والعشرين لاتفاقية الأمم المتحدة الإطارية بشأن تغير المناخ (COP) في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة، والذي يلي مؤتمرًا آخر للأطراف استضافته المنطقة، وهو مؤتمر الأطراف السابع والعشرين في مصر. لذلك، يتضمن هذا الإصدار من المؤشر العربي قسمًا مخصصًا لتسليط الضوء على النتائج المتعلقة بالاستدامة البيئية والعمل المناخي
Informing the UAE’s climate change policy development through cross-country comparative analysis of the UAE, the UK, and Malaysia policy frameworks
No full textCoordinated climate action depends on integrated and inclusive policy frameworks and institutional structures, which require constant research and development to cope with the complexity of economic, environmental, social and political systems. The research stems from the concepts policy/community and policy/network. It delves into a cross-country comparative analysis between the UAE, the UK, and Malaysia, looking into how contexts, geographies, and climate-induced risks shape priorities and policies on the national level, the integration of climate change policy into urban development practice, and the role of community engagement in climate policy development and action. The UAE and the UK have a distinct and ambitious vision of climate change action regionally and globally, while Malaysia focuses on addressing climate-induced risk due to its vulnerability. Regarding climate change and urban development, the UAE, the UK, and Malaysia address mitigation and adaptation as essential requirements in urban development practices. In the UAE, Community engagement prioritizes raising awareness, while in the UK, it is a legal requirement, and Malaysia is working on enhancing community engagement in climate action. Throughout the analysis, the UAE appears to have a strong drive for climate policy and action on federal and local levels. On a federal level, the UAE is vibrant with initiatives and strives for innovation; however, it is autonomous regarding institutional structure and initiatives. A better approach for the UAE is to promote institutional, spatial, operational, and policy integration across the nested hierarchies of governance structures under the national policy framework and vision for integrated, comprehensive, and coordinated climate change policy and action
Hospital Innovation and its Relationship with Transformational and Ambidextrous Leadership
No full textPurpose: The study aims to examine the influence of transformational and ambidextrous leadership styles on administrative and technological innovation in public sector hospitals. It also examines the influence of each component of leadership styles on hospital innovation. Design/methodology/approach: This cross-sectional study employed the survey methodology to investigate the relationships between leadership styles and hospital innovation. A total of 315 usable responses were collected from medical officers working in public sector hospitals. A 29-item scale was used to assess the leadership styles and a 17-item scale was used to assess hospital innovation. Demographic data were obtained, which included age, work tenure, gender, and educational level.
Findings: The hospitals demonstrated a moderate level of administrative and technological innovation. As perceived by the medical officers, transformational and ambidextrous leadership styles were positive and significant predictors of hospital innovation. It further revealed that the idealized influence and intellectual stimulation components of transformational, and exploitation behaviors of ambidextrous leadership are positive and significant predictors of hospital innovation.
Conclusions: Transformational and ambidextrous leadership styles were effective in enhancing innovation in healthcare organizations. More attention must be focused on developing leadership competencies among medical doctors to perform leadership roles in their organizations and promote innovation.
Implications: Healthcare policies and strategies are needed to promote innovation, and facilitate the implementation of certain leadership qualities by providing healthcare leaders with the appropriate training and environment.
Originality/value: This research presents a rare insight into the current state of healthcare innovation in the public sector hospitals in Pakistan, especially because the country is relatively under-researched and under-resourced in the health sector. Thus, the research adds to the theoretical views concerning earlier research undertaken in other, mainly developed countries, highlighting new perspectives on healthcare leadership and innovation.
حوكمة البيولوجيا التركيبية (سينبيو)
No full textSynthetic biology (SynBio) in simple terms, refers to artificially developing or imitating a natural process or system. The complexity and novelty of synthetic biology, however, have created a level of difficulty to define it due to the continuously fast track evolution of the technology and the broadening of its context in the past decade. SynBio’s current and potential impact is multidisciplinary, with an estimated applicability and impact of over US$30 trillion by 2030, which further intensifies the need to understand and govern this exponentially evolving subsector.
The topic of SynBio and its regulatory and governance framework have been gaining more traction, especially after several key recent events, such as the fast track development and adoption of the mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. This event alone has left open many unanswered questions, from scientific, legal, governance, ethical, social, and economic perspectives. The fact that we are daily interacting with SynBio knowingly or unknowingly – from food to environment, along with the development of designer babies, creating a new form of life like AI Xenobots from a single cell from a frog, and efforts of de-extinction, have made it critical for the scientist and policy makers to act immediately. While this sector took years to decode the human genome, it now takes days to design a vaccine against a new deadly virus, at a fraction of the cost.
Thus, this report has delved into several SynBio scenarios, through a multidisciplinary lens, while surveying the global governance framework, and the current and potential risks associated with this sector and technologies, in the absence of a collective consensus on the legal and ethical frameworks, at minimum, to regulate the use and development of SynBio. This policy paper provides an overall prospective of the magnitude and complexity of the sector, and the policy options for governing SynBio on the national and global levels. These policy recommendations take into consideration the continuously evolving and multi-sectoral technologies, utilizing the expertise of geneticists, health care providers, researchers, policy experts, legal experts, and pharmaceutical experts.
يُشير علم الأحياء التركيبي (سينبيو) ببساطة إلى التطوير أو المحاكاة الاصطناعية لعملية أو نظام طبيعي. ومع ذلك، فقد أدى تعقيد وحداثة علم الأحياء التركيبي إلى صعوبة تعريفه نظرًا للتطور السريع والمستمر للتكنولوجيا واتساع نطاقها خلال العقد الماضي. يتميز تأثير سينبيو الحالي والمحتمل بتعدد التخصصات، حيث يُقدر تطبيقه وتأثيره بأكثر من 30 تريليون دولار أمريكي بحلول عام 2030، مما يُعزز الحاجة إلى فهم هذا القطاع الفرعي المتطور بشكل كبير وإدارته.
اكتسب موضوع سينبيو وإطاره التنظيمي والحوكمة زخمًا متزايدًا، لا سيما بعد العديد من الأحداث الرئيسية الأخيرة، مثل التطوير السريع واعتماد لقاحات الرنا المرسال (mRNA) خلال جائحة كوفيد-19. وقد ترك هذا الحدث وحده العديد من الأسئلة التي لم تُجب عليها، من منظور علمي وقانوني وحوكمي وأخلاقي واجتماعي واقتصادي. إن تفاعلنا اليومي مع التكنولوجيا الحيوية المشتركة، سواءً عن علم أو بغير علم - من الغذاء إلى البيئة، إلى جانب تطوير الأطفال المُصممين وراثيًا، وخلق شكل جديد من أشكال الحياة مثل روبوتات الذكاء الاصطناعي زينوبوتس من خلية واحدة من ضفدع، وجهود مكافحة الانقراض، جعل من الضروري للعلماء وصانعي السياسات التحرك الفوري. فبينما استغرق فك شفرة الجينوم البشري في هذا القطاع سنوات، يستغرق الآن تصميم لقاح ضد فيروس قاتل جديد أيامًا، بتكلفة زهيدة.
ولذلك، تناول هذا التقرير عدة سيناريوهات مرتبطة بالتكنولوجيا الحيوية المشتركة، من منظور متعدد التخصصات، مع دراسة إطار الحوكمة العالمي، والمخاطر الحالية والمحتملة المرتبطة بهذا القطاع وتقنياته، في ظل غياب إجماع جماعي على الأطر القانونية والأخلاقية، كحد أدنى، لتنظيم استخدام وتطوير التكنولوجيا الحيوية المشتركة. تقدم هذه الورقة السياساتية منظورًا عامًا لحجم هذا القطاع وتعقيده، وخيارات السياسات لإدارة التكنولوجيا الحيوية المشتركة على المستويين الوطني والعالمي. تأخذ توصيات السياسة هذه في الاعتبار التكنولوجيات المتطورة باستمرار ومتعددة القطاعات، وتستفيد من خبرة علماء الوراثة ومقدمي الرعاية الصحية والباحثين وخبراء السياسات والخبراء القانونيين وخبراء الأدوية
مؤشر التنويع الاقتصادي العالمي لعام 2023
No full textEconomic diversification has gained traction in major commodity producing nations given its multiple benefits including to macroeconomic stability, economic growth, job creation and development alongside promoting greater private sector activity, more sustainable public finances as well as greater skill diversity in the labour force. However, despite policy interest in economic diversification, there is no uniformly agreed or available measure or index of economic diversification. The first edition of the Global Economic Diversification Index (EDI) was published in 2022, specifically aiming to fill this gap in terms of data, thought-leadership and the availability of data-driven policy instruments to track economic diversification. The first edition of the EDI measured and ranked 89 countries on the extent of their economic diversification from a multi-dimensional angle, exploring diversification of economic activity, international trade as well as of government revenues (away from a dependence on natural resource or commodity revenue)