Editorial Universidad de Nariño
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La investigación como eje misional de la facultad de ciencias humanas: propuesta de un plan de desarrollo de la investigación
Full text linkLa creación de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas (FCH) de la Universidad de Nariño (UdeN) se oficializó mediante acuerdo No. 068 del 15 de mayo de 1991 del Consejo Superior. Atendiendo a la tradición de la Universidad en el mundo, la nueva FCH debería responder a las funciones sustantivas de docencia, investigación y proyección social (hoy interacción social). De estas tres funciones en la misión de la facultad, la formación científica e investigativa de sus profesionales quedaría resaltada para su futuro. En este nuevo momento histórico de estudio y análisis autocritico de nuestra facultad es pertinente 1) reflexionar sobre los antecedentes y el estado del desarrollo de la investigación en la FCH, 2) resaltar un problema estructural de la facultad que incide en el desarrollo de la investigación y 3) proponer una estrategia que sustente a la investigación como el eje misional de la FCH. En este documento inicial de trabajo se presentan los siguientes temas: antecedentes de la investigación; visión, misión y desarrollo de la investigación en la FCH; la investigación como eje misional y conclusiones
Caracterização do mercado de trabalho para nutricionistas e dietistas no Vale do Cauca, Colômbia
No full textIntroduction: The working conditions and academic training of dietitian-nutritionists have not been extensively studied. Understanding their professional profile and career trajectories is essential to enhance employability and meet current labor market demands.
Objective: This study aimed to characterize the labor and occupational market of dietitian-nutritionists in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted. An online survey was administered to 145 dietitian-nutritionists using non-probability convenience sampling. The instrument included 39 questions covering sociodemographic, academic, and occupational variables. Descriptive analyses were performed, and the Chi-square test was used to explore associations between categorical variables (p < 0.05). Results: Of those surveyed, 93% were women, with an average age of 32.5 years. Seventy percent had not pursued postgraduate studies, and 41% were working in clinical nutrition. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, 47% adopted a hybrid work model, and 34% reported earnings between 3 and 4 minimum legal monthly wages (MLMW). The highest salaries were reported in public and clinical nutrition. Conclusion: A high rate of labor insertion was observed, with a concentration in the urban private sector and low levels of postgraduate education.Introducción: Las condiciones laborales y la formación académica de los nutricionistas dietistas no han sido ampliamente estudiadas. Comprender el perfil laboral y las trayectorias profesionales es esencial para mejorar la empleabilidad y satisfacer las demandas del entorno actual. Objetivo: Caracterizar el mercado laboral y ocupacional de los Nutricionistas Dietistas en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta en línea a 145 nutricionistas dietistas mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. El instrumento incluyó 39 preguntas sobre variables sociodemográficas, académicas y laborales. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y se utilizó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para explorar asociaciones entre variables categóricas (p < 0,05). Resultados: El 93 % de los encuestados fueron mujeres, con una edad promedio de 32,5 años. El 70 % no cuenta con estudios de posgrado y el 41 % trabaja en Nutrición Clínica. Tras la pandemia, el 47 % adoptó un modelo de trabajo mixto, y el 34 % percibe entre 3 y 4 SMMLV. Las mejores remuneraciones se encontraron en nutrición pública y clínica. Conclusión: Se observó alta inserción laboral, con predominio en el sector privado urbano y baja formación posgradual.Introdução: As condições de trabalho e a formação acadêmica de nutricionistas não foram amplamente estudadas. Compreender seu perfil profissional e trajetórias de carreira é essencial para melhorar a empregabilidade e atender às demandas do cenário atual. Objetivo: Caracterizar o mercado de trabalho e ocupacional de nutricionistas na região do Valle do Cauca, na Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Este foi um estudo descritivo e transversal. Um questionário online foi aplicado a 145 nutricionistas registrados, utilizando amostragem por conveniência não probabilística. O instrumento incluiu 39 questões sobre variáveis sociodemográficas, acadêmicas e profissionais. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e o teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para explorar associações entre variáveis categóricas (p < 0,05). Resultados: 93% dos respondentes eram mulheres, com idade média de 32,5 anos. 70% não possuíam pós-graduação e 41% trabalhavam em nutrição clínica. Após a pandemia, 47% adotaram um modelo de trabalho híbrido e 34% ganhavam entre três e quatro vezes o salário mínimo mensal. Os salários mais altos foram encontrados na nutrição pública e clínica. Conclusão: Observaram-se altas taxas de emprego, predominantemente no setor privado urbano, com baixos níveis de formação de pós-graduação
Poèmes Bilingues
Full text linkPOEMAS BILINGÜES, constituye un ramillete de poemas en versión bilingüe francés-español, donde el autor plasma su pensamiento mediante cortos textos literarios que le cantan a la vida, al tiempo, al paisaje, a la mujer amada; haciendo uso de metáforas, símiles, hipérboles, etc, lo cual constituyen unidades significativas completas, semánticas y culturales tanto en la lengua extranjera como en la lengua materna.  
Genetic structure of Phytophthora infestans sensu lato assessed using microsatellite markers
No full textPhytophthora infestans sensu lato is a phytopathogenic oomycete that causes late blight in Solanaceae and has a significant global impact. Its rapid evolution requires population monitoring using polymorphic markers to detect new genotypes with greater biological efficacy. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability of isolates of Phytophthora infestans sensu lato obtained from different species of Solanaceae cultivated in southern Colombia. A total of 40 pathogen isolates were collected from different hosts, including Solanum tuberosum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum muricatum, and Solanum betaceum. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using 12 microsatellite markers, and the resulting fragments were visualized on 3% agarose gels. Amplification band sizes were measured using ImageJ, and data analysis was performed using the Poppr package in R. High marker polymorphism was observed, with more than four alleles amplified per locus, evidence of triploidy, and high genetic diversity compared to other regions of Colombia. Populations were structured according to their host, with genetic differentiation (Gst) values ranging from 0.24 to 0.65, likely influenced by host preference and the presence of alternative hosts. Linkage disequilibrium analysis suggested asexual reproduction in Phytophthora betacei populations and possible sexual reproduction in P. infestans populations from potato, sweet cucumber, and tomato, emphasizing the need for further investigation of these populations. The markers were highly informative in both the diversity and the reproductive form of the oomycete.Phytophthora infestans sensu lato is a phytopathogenic oomycete that causes late blight in Solanaceae and has a significant global impact. Its rapid evolution requires population monitoring using polymorphic markers to detect new genotypes with greater biological efficacy. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability of isolates of Phytophthora infestans sensu lato obtained from different species of Solanaceae cultivated in southern Colombia. A total of 40 pathogen isolates were collected from different hosts, including Solanum tuberosum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum muricatum, and Solanum betaceum. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using 12 microsatellite markers, and the resulting fragments were visualized on 3% agarose gels. Amplification band sizes were measured using ImageJ, and data analysis was performed using the Poppr package in R. High marker polymorphism was observed, with more than four alleles amplified per locus, evidence of triploidy, and high genetic diversity compared to other regions of Colombia. Populations were structured according to their host, with genetic differentiation (Gst) values ranging from 0.24 to 0.65, likely influenced by host preference and the presence of alternative hosts. Linkage disequilibrium analysis suggested asexual reproduction in Phytophthora betacei populations and possible sexual reproduction in P. infestans populations from potato, sweet cucumber, and tomato, emphasizing the need for further investigation of these populations. The markers were highly informative in both the diversity and the reproductive form of the oomycete.Phytophthora infestans sensu lato is a phytopathogenic oomycete that causes late blight in Solanaceae and has a significant global impact. Its rapid evolution requires population monitoring using polymorphic markers to detect new genotypes with greater biological efficacy. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability of isolates of Phytophthora infestans sensu lato obtained from different species of Solanaceae cultivated in southern Colombia. A total of 40 pathogen isolates were collected from different hosts, including Solanum tuberosum, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum muricatum, and Solanum betaceum. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using 12 microsatellite markers, and the resulting fragments were visualized on 3% agarose gels. Amplification band sizes were measured using ImageJ, and data analysis was performed using the Poppr package in R. High marker polymorphism was observed, with more than four alleles amplified per locus, evidence of triploidy, and high genetic diversity compared to other regions of Colombia. Populations were structured according to their host, with genetic differentiation (Gst) values ranging from 0.24 to 0.65, likely influenced by host preference and the presence of alternative hosts. Linkage disequilibrium analysis suggested asexual reproduction in Phytophthora betacei populations and possible sexual reproduction in P. infestans populations from potato, sweet cucumber, and tomato, emphasizing the need for further investigation of these populations. The markers were highly informative in both the diversity and the reproductive form of the oomycete
Análise da eficiência relativa na balança comercial dos departamentos da Colômbia
Full text linkIntroduction: This study analyzed indicators from Colombian departments to establish the inputs and outputs necessary for Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The trade balance served as the basis for this study, as it is a key indicator of regional economic performance. Objective: Key trade balance indicators were identified and analyzed, as well as other relevant factors influencing departmental economic efficiency. Methodology: A quantitative and descriptive approach was used to collect and organize data from the last five years, aimed at understanding logistics infrastructure and trade flows. Results: The findings revealed a high concentration of efficiency in the central and western departments of the country, revealing marked structural differences between regions. Discussion: The quality and inconsistency of the different official database sources represented the main obstacle to the study. This indicated that the greatest challenge was collecting and constructing a reliable database prior to the application of the analytical model. Conclusion: A structured and comprehensive database was successfully developed, which was essential for the subsequent stages of the study and for the analysis of the commercial efficiency of Colombian departments, with Bogotá emerging as the most efficient city.Introducción: Este estudio analizó indicadores de los departamentos colombianos para establecer los inputs (entradas) y outputs (salidas) necesarias para el Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA). La balanza comercial fue la base de este estudio, siendo un indicador clave del desempeño económico regional. Objetivo: Se identificaron y analizaron los indicadores clave de la balanza comercial, así como otros factores relevantes que influyeron en la eficiencia económica departamental. Metodología: Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo para recolectar y organizar datos de los últimos cinco años, con el objetivo de comprender la infraestructura logística y los flujos comerciales. Resultados: Los hallazgos demostraron una alta concentración de eficiencia en los departamentos del centro y occidente del país, evidenciando marcadas diferencias estructurales entre las regiones. Discusión: La calidad e inconsistencia de las diferentes fuentes de bases de datos oficiales representaron el principal obstáculo del estudio. Esto mostró que el mayor desafío fue la recopilación y construcción de una base de datos confiable antes de la aplicación del modelo analítico. Conclusión: Se logró desarrollar una base de datos estructurada y completa, esencial para las etapas posteriores del estudio y para el análisis de la eficiencia comercial de los departamentos colombianos, dando como resultado a la ciudad de Bogotá como la más eficiente.Introdução: Este estudo analisou indicadores dos departamentos colombianos para estabelecer os inputs (entradas) e outputs (saídas) necessários para a Análise Envolvente de Dados (DEA). A balança comercial foi a base deste estudo, sendo um indicador-chave do desempenho económico regional. Objetivo: Foram identificados e analisados os indicadores-chave da balança comercial, bem como outros fatores relevantes que influenciaram a eficiência económica departamental. Metodologia: Foi utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa e descritiva para recolher e organizar dados dos últimos cinco anos, com o objetivo de compreender a infraestrutura logística e os fluxos comerciais. Resultados: As conclusões demonstraram uma elevada concentração de eficiência nos departamentos do centro e oeste do país, evidenciando diferenças estruturais marcantes entre as regiões. Discussão: A qualidade e a inconsistência das diferentes fontes de bases de dados oficiais representaram o principal obstáculo do estudo. Isto mostrou que o maior desafio foi a recolha e construção de uma base de dados fiável antes da aplicação do modelo analítico. Conclusão: Conseguiu-se desenvolver uma base de dados estruturada e completa, essencial para as etapas posteriores do estudo e para a análise da eficiência comercial dos departamentos colombianos, resultando na cidade de Bogotá como a mais eficiente