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Molecular Screening of Septoria-Resistant Genes in Historical Turkish Bread Wheat Germplasm Using the Validated Gene Specific SSR Markers
No full textSeptoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici, poses a significant threat to global wheat production, particularly in Turkiye. Resistance breeding is the most sustainable and effective disease control method. Molecular markers, especially simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are extensively employed in wheat breeding to enhance the efficacy. The primary objective of this study was to identify Stb resistance genes among 143 historical registered Turkish bread wheat genotypes released as commercial cultivars between 1963 to 2014, using 16 closely linked SSR markers. The findings revealed substantial genetic variation among the screened cultivars, with the Stb3 gene being the most prevalent, identified in 89.51% of the samples. Other notable resistant genes included Stb13 (71.32%), Stb4 (43.33%), and Stb11 (41.25%). Cultivars Porsuk-2811, Porsuk-2853, and Porsuk-2868 exhibited the highest level of resistance to STB, with 10 resistance genes detected. Of the 143 cultivars screened, 10 were found to carry a total of nine Stb genes, while two cultivars were observed to possess only a single resistance gene. The study identified 23 wheat cultivars harboring 8-10 Stb resistance genes, which are highly recommended for future wheat breeding programs and gene pyramiding strategies to combat Z. tritici. This research provides critical insights for national breeding programs, supporting the development of resilient and high-yielding wheat varieties resistant to STB.Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project [2023ZD04025]This research work was funded by Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD04025)
Causes of Diagnostic and Treatment Delays in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: a Nationwide Multicenter Survey and Electronic Health Records Analysis in Turkiye
No full textDelays in breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and treatment negatively impact survival outcomes. Understanding patient- and provider-related factors behind these delays is crucial. This study aimed to identify nationwide reasons for delayed diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced BC in Turkiye. A prospective, multicenter hospital-based survey was conducted across 35 institutions between 2023 and 2024. Patient- and provider-related delays were assessed via a structured 61-item face-to-face survey, supplemented by clinical data from electronic health records. Delays exceeding 3 months were clinically categorized as significant. A total of 1322 women participated from seven regions across Turkiye. Factors contributing to diagnostic delays on a national level included economic reasons (5.5%), lack of family support (3.3%), lack of knowledge (12.4%), lack of time due to household work (3.8%), difficulty in finding an appointment (6.7%), pregnancy-related reasons (1.1%), fear of losing the breast (8.9%), fear of death (9.8%), and transportation difficulties (5.1%). Provider-related delays were infrequent. About 89.3% of the patients had the initial doctor appointment and 89.6% had the first specialist consultation within one month. Treatment planning was predominantly based on a multidisciplinary team decision in 88.3% of patients. Regarding treatment initiation, 93.2% started required treatment within 1 month of decision. Patient-related factors are the major causes of diagnostic delay in Turkiye. On the other hand, from the provider's perspective, the presence of multidisciplinary teams, including dedicated breast surgeons, represents a key factor in ensuring the timely implementation of diagnostic procedures and treatment strategies.United Nations Institute for Training and Research; Global Surgery Foundation and Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University [GSFA.2023.NF.009.ZBEU]The project was funded by United Nations Institute for Training and Research and The Global Surgery Foundation and Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University (GSFA.2023.NF.009.ZBEU_Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University)
Pazarlama Yeniliği ve Sivil Toplum Kuruluşların Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi- İnsani Yardım Sektöründe Çalışan Birkaç Örnek Kuruluş Üzerinde Bir Uygulanma
No full textBu çalışma, Türkiye'de insani yardım alanında faaliyet gösteren kar amacı gütmeyen kuruluşların performansı üzerindeki pazarlama inovasyonunun etkisini incelemektedir. Temel hipotez, yedi pazarlama inovasyonu boyutunun—Hizmet inovasyonu, Fiyatlandırma inovasyonu, Tutundurma inovasyonu, Yer inovasyonu, İnsan inovasyonu, Süreç inovasyonu ve Fiziksel kanıt inovasyonu—operasyonel verimlilik, finansal sürdürülebilirlik ve yararlanıcı memnuniyetini farklı biçimlerde arttırdığıdır. Bunu test etmek için nicel, betimleyici–analitik bir tasarım kullanılmıştır. Mevcut literatürde doğrulanmış ölçeklerden derlenen yapılandırılmış bir anket geliştirilmiş, konu uzmanları tarafından içerik geçerliliği sağlanmış ve Cronbach's α ile iç tutarlılığı onaylanmıştır. Araştırma aracı, Türkiye ile bitişik Suriye bölgelerinde faaliyet gösteren yerel STK'lar ve uluslararası kuruluş şubelerinde görevli 307 çalışana çevrimiçi olarak uygulanmıştır. Veri analizi için, veri normalitesi varsayımı gerektirmeyen PLS-SEM (Kısmi En Küçük Kareler Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi) yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Yedi alt hipotezden beşi desteklenmiştir: • Hizmet inovasyonu (β = 0.168, p = .004) • Fiyatlandırma inovasyonu (β = 0.144, p = .023) • İnsan inovasyonu (β = 0.162, p = .025) • Süreç inovasyonu (β = 0.160, p = .034) • Fiziksel kanıt inovasyonu (β = 0.354, p .05); bu durum, insani yardım bağlamına özgü lojistik ve teknik engellerin varlığına işaret etmektedir. Teorik olarak, bu araştırma pazarlama inovasyonu çerçevesini kaynak kısıtlı, kar amacı gütmeyen insani yardım ortamlarına genişletmekte ve boyutların performans çıktılarıyla ilişkisini ampirik olarak ortaya koymaktadır. Uygulamada ise karar vericilere şu stratejik yol haritasını sunmaktadır: - Hizmet geliştirme, dinamik fiyatlandırma stratejileri, çalışan kapasite artırımı, süreç yeniden mühendisliği ve fiziksel altyapı iyileştirmesine öncelik vermek; - İç inovasyon birimleri kurmak; - Tasarım odaklı düşünme ve çevik proje yönetimi metodolojileri benimsemek; - Dengeli performans kartı sistemlerini dijital analizlerle güçlendirmek. Gelecek çalışmaların, farklı insani yardım ortamlarında ülke karşılaştırmaları yapması, Tutundurma inovasyonu ve Yer inovasyonu kanallarındaki engelleri nitel ve uzunlamasına yöntemlerle derinlemesine incelemesi ve örgütsel emme kapasitesi ile yerel ağlara bağlılık gibi aracılık değişkenlerini araştırması önerilmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Pazarlama İnovasyonu; Pazarlama İnovasyonu Karışımı, Kuruluş Performansı; Kar Amacı Gütmeyen Kuruluşlar, İnsani Yardım, Türkiye.This study investigates the impact of marketing innovation on the performance of nonprofit organizations engaged in humanitarian work and based in Turkey. The core hypothesis asserts that seven dimensions of marketing innovation, product/service, pricing, promotion, distribution, people, process, and physical evidence, differentially enhance operational efficiency, financial sustainability, and beneficiary satisfaction. To test this, a quantitative descriptive–analytical design was employed. A structured questionnaire drawn from validated scales in the extant literature was developed, content validated by subject-matter experts, and its internal consistency confirmed via Cronbach's α. The instrument was administered online to 307 employees of local NGOs and international organization branches operating in Turkey and neighboring Syrian areas. Data analysis utilized Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), enabling robust modeling of complex relationships without assuming data normality. Of the seven sub-hypotheses tested, five were supported: product/service innovation (β = 0.168, p = .004), pricing innovation (β = 0.144, p = .023), people innovation (β = 0.162, p = .025), process innovation (β = 0.160, p = .034), and physical evidence innovation (β = 0.354, p .05), highlighting logistical and technical barriers inherent to humanitarian contexts. Theoretically, this research extends the marketing innovation framework to resource-constrained nonprofit humanitarian settings, empirically linking its dimensions to performance outcomes. Practically, it provides decision-makers with a strategic roadmap: prioritize investment in service development, dynamic pricing strategies, staff capacity building, process reengineering, and physical infrastructure enhancement; establish internal innovation units; adopt design-thinking and agile project-management methodologies; and implement balanced scorecard systems augmented by digital analytics. Future studies should conduct cross-country comparisons in diverse humanitarian environments, incorporate qualitative and longitudinal methods to explore barriers in promotion and distribution channels, and investigate mediating variables such as organizational absorptive capacity and local network embeddedness to deepen understanding of sustainable social impact. Keywords: Marketing Innovation; Marketing Innovation Mix, Performance of Organizations; Non-profit Organizations; Humanitarian Work, Turkey
Understanding How Sport Activity Shapes Work Attitudes: The Mediating Role of Impulsivity Among Social Welfare Professionals
No full textAslan, Yavuz/0000-0002-6692-5247;Purpose: This study investigates the relationships between living with sports (sport-oriented lifestyle), impulsivity, and attitudes toward working life among social welfare professionals in T & uuml;rkiye, with a specific focus on the mediating role of impulsivity. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative research design was employed, collecting data from 1,534 participants aged 18 and older via an online survey. The majority of the sample consisted of women (67.2%), with a mean age of 28.96 years. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS for preliminary statistics and IBM AMOS for confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: Living with sports was negatively associated with impulsivity (beta = -0.072, p Discussion: The study results suggest that a lifestyle enriched by regular sports participation can reduce impulsive tendencies and support the development of more positive work attitudes among social welfare professionals. Conclusion: This study provides novel empirical evidence on the triadic relationship between sport-oriented lifestyle, impulsivity, and work attitudes. It highlights the importance of integrating sport-based activities into organizational strategies to support emotional regulation, well-being, and sustainable professional engagement in social services
Kırmancki (Zazaca) Masallarda Yılan Motifi
No full textEski medeniyetlerden günümüze yılan motifi milletlerin mitoloji ve inançlarında görülmektedir. Yılan, yeraltında yaşadığından, gömlek değiştirdiğinden, aynı zamanda kendisinde hem zehri hem de panzehri bulundurduğundan düalist bir yapıya sahiptir. Yılanın bu işlev ve temsiliyeti birçok medeniyet gibi Kürt mitolojisi ve inanç sisteminde de baskın bir şekilde görülmektedir. Yılan, Kürt mitolojisi ve inanç sisteminde de düalist bir yapı sergiler ki aynı zamanda hem pozitif hem de negatif özelliklere sahiptir. Eski inanç sistemleri ve mitoloji zaman içerisinde toplumların yaşamında doğrudan bir etkiye sahip olmasa da dolaylı yollardan insanların yaşam şekilleri, inanç ve düşünce yapılarını etkilerler. Bu özellikler dil, deyim, atasözleri ve bilhassa folklorik metinlerde etkisini göstermektedir. Folklorik metinlerden masallar; toplumların bakış açıları, düşünce yapıları ve inanç sistemlerini yansıtırlar. Masallarda genellikle mitoloji ve inançların etkileri de görülmektedir. Kırmancki (Zazaca) masallarda da yılan motifi önemli bir yer tutmaktadır ve masallarda bu motif farklı işlevlere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Zazaca masallarda yılan motifinin işlev ve temsiliyetini göstermeye çalıştık. Yılanın düalist yapısı Zazaca masallara nasıl yansımıştır? Yılan motifinin düalist yapısından kaynaklı, dost-düşman; şifa verici- zehirleyen; yok eden-yaratıp yenileyen gibi özellikleri Zazaca masallarda nasıl işlenmiştir? Masalların kurgusunda yılan nasıl bir işleve sahiptir? Bu çalışmada üç alt başlık çerçevesinde bu sorulara cevaplar aramaya çalıştık
Hoarseness, Quality of Life, and Social Anxiety: A Case-Control Study
No full textDonmezdil, Suleyman/0000-0002-7171-1374Hoarseness is a common voice symptom that can impair communication and lead to psychosocial difficulties. It has been hypothesized that chronic hoarseness may contribute to elevated social anxiety. This study aimed to assess the impact of hoarseness on quality of life and social anxiety in affected individuals. Thirty-eight patients with chronic hoarseness (voice disorders) and 40 matched healthy controls were evaluated in a prospective case-control study. Quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (Physical, Psychological, Social, and Environmental domains). Social anxiety was assessed with the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), and general anxiety and depression with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Group scores were compared using appropriate statistical tests, and effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Patients with hoarseness had significantly lower Psychological Health and Social Relationships scores on the WHOQOL-BREF than controls (p < 0.01 for both; large effect sizes), indicating worse quality of life in these domains. Physical Health and Environmental domain scores did not differ between groups. The hoarseness group also showed higher social anxiety: LSAS total scores and Social Interaction subscale scores were significantly greater than those of controls (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively; moderate-to-large effects), whereas the Performance Anxiety subscale was similar between groups. By contrast, HADS anxiety and depression scores did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Notably, mean HADS scores in both groups fell in the mild (borderline) range rather than the normal range. Chronic hoarseness is associated with reduced quality of life in emotional and social domains and with increased social anxiety symptoms, but not with elevated general anxiety or depression. These findings underscore the need to address psychosocial factors, particularly social anxiety, in the clinical management of patients with voice disorders
Interpretation of the Ahkam Verses Concerning Fards in the Maliki School of Thought
No full textBu araştırma, Malikî mezhebindeki farzlar (vâcipler) ile ilgili ahkâm ayetlerini ele almaktadır. Çalışmada, diğer dört fıkıh mezhebinden Malikîlere katılanlar veya onlara muhalif olanların görüşleri delilleriyle birlikte sunulmuştur. Bazı durumlarda tartışılmış ve tercih edilen görüşler benimsenmiştir. Bu araştırmanın temel amaçlarından biri, araştırmacının genel ahkâm ayetlerinin tefsiri ve bilhassa farzlarla ilgili ayetler bağlamında Malikî fıkıh âlimlerinin görüşlerini tümevarım yöntemiyle inceleyerek, Malikîlerin Kur'an'daki farzlara ilişkin metinlere dair yaklaşımlarını belirginleştirmektedir. Bu mütevazı araştırmanın önemi; ahkâm ayetleri ilminin mahiyeti, ortaya çıkışı ve benzeri temel başlangıç noktalarını açıklığa kavuşturmasında; Malikî âlimlerinin bu ilme gösterdikleri ihtimamı ve benimsedikleri metodu ortaya koymasında; ayrıca farzlarla ilgili ayetlerden hükümler çıkarılmasında da belirginleşmektedir. Çalışma, giriş, iki bölüm ve bir sonuç kısmından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmacı, bu araştırma boyunca çeşitli metodolojiler kullanmış olup, bunların başında tümevarımcı (istikraî), objektif ve analitik yöntemler gelmektedir. Şunu da belirtmek gerekir ki hüküm cıkarmakta iken (istinbat) başvurulan kaynakların büyük ölçüde hicri beşinci yüzyıldan günümüze kadar yazılmış eserler olup 'Ahkâmül Kur'an' İbnü'l-Arabî'nin ve 'el-Cami' li Ahkîmi'l-Kur'ân' türündeki derlemeler kullanılmaktadır.This work includes a study of the holy Qur'anic verses on obligations according to the views of Imam Malik's school, explaining from the rest of Islamic madhabs who agree or disagrees with them, citing their proofs, confronting and sometimes extracting the most approvable view amongst them.one of the most prominent objectives of this thesis is to highlight the views of Maliki Madhab's scholars on the holy Qur'anic verses contains an obligation via examining their perception of Maliki jurists when interpreting the verses of rulings in general and obligations in particular. The importance of my modest research is evident in revealing the basic, principled points related to the science of verses of rulings, their nature, origins, and other matters, and revealing the position of Maliki scholars on them, in terms of care and methodology. This is also evident in deriving rulings from verses related to obligations. The research is divided into an introduction, two chapters, and a conclusion. The researcher employed several methods throughout the research, the most prominent of which are inductive, objective, and analytical. İt's worth mentioning that most of the sources used in the resarch relied upon the books compiled between 500 years from hijrah to our present time such as ''Ahkamul qur'an'' ibn Arabi and ''Al- jami'u li- Ahkamul kur'an'' for imam Qurtubi and its related books. Keywords: Tafsir, Maliki school of thought, Obligations, Rulings
Oruç Âyetleri Bağlamında Kur’an-Sünnet İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
No full textBu çalışmada İslâm ile ilgili bilginin kaynağının sadece Kur’an olduğu ve bu konuda sünnete ihtiyaç duyulmadığı düşüncesinin doğru olup olmadığı oruç âyetleri özelinde ele alınmıştır. Sünnetin, oruç ile ilgili âyetlerin anlaşılmasına olan katkısı üzerinde durularak, son zamanlarda sıklıkla gündeme geldiği müşahede edilen “Kur’an bize yeter, sünnete ne gerek var?” gibi sorulara cevap aranmıştır. Bunun için evvela oruç ile ilgili vârit olan âyetler zikredilerek bu ibadete dair Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de mevcut olan bilginin ne kadar olduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ardından, ameli bir ibadet olması hasebiyle, oruç ile ilgili fakihlerin üzerinde ittifak ettikleri meseleler ele alınmıştır. Sonra bunlardan da sadece sünnet delili ile sabit olanlar tespit edilmiştir. Akabinde sünnetle sabit olan meselelerin oruç ile ilgili âyetlerin anlaşılmasına katkısı üzerinde durulmuştur. Böylece Kur’an’ın anlaşılmasında sünnetin gerekliliğinin dolaylı bir şekilde de olsa fakihlerin de üzerinde ittifak ettikleri bir mesele olduğu, buna muhalefet etmenin fakihlerin de ittifakına muhalefet etmek anlamına geldiği ispat edilmeye çalışılmıştır
Effects of Combined Supervised and Telerehabilitation Exercise Programs on Pain and Disability in Dentists with Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textBackground: This study was conducted to determine the effects of combined exercises applied with supervised and telerehabilitation methods on pain intensity, pain pressure threshold, muscular endurance, grip strength, neck and upper extremity disabilities in dentists with chronic neck pain (CNP). Methods: Fifty-five dentists with CNP were included in the study and randomly divided into three groups as supervised group (n = 19), telerehabilitation group (n = 19) and control group (n = 17). The participants had a mean age of 35.20 +/- 4.16 years, with ages ranging from 30 to 44 years and of the participants, 43 were female (78%) and 12 were male (22%). Combined exercises consisting of resistance, stretching and postural alignment exercises were applied with supervised and telerehabilitation methods three days a week for 12 weeks. The control group received a non-resistance exercise sheet matching the other protocols. Initially, all patients were assessed for pain intensity (VAS), pain pressure threshold, grip strength (hand, lateral and pinch grip), muscular endurance (deep neck flexors, scapular, static and dynamic core), neck and upper extremity disability. The assessments were repeated after 12 weeks of training. Results: The telerehabilitation group demonstrated positive changes in pain intensity, pain pressure threshold, and neck disability that were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Supervised group has improved all assessments except dynamic core endurance and grip strength (p < 0.05). There was also a decrease in pain intensity and neck disability index in the control group (p < 0.05). When the changes resulting from exercise training were compared between the groups, it was seen that the changes in the supervised group were superior (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that combined exercises applied under supervision were more effective than telerehabilitation or home exercises in dentists with CNP, and telerehabilitation was more effective than home program. Although the telerehabilitation method is not as effective as supervised exercise training, it can be an alternative method to reduce pain and disability for dentists who cannot participate in a regular exercise program due to their working conditions. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to determine how long the effect of exercise training applied with telerehabilitation continues in dentists with CNP