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2023-2024 Excavations at Boğaziye Höyüğü: a Recently Discovered Mound Settlement in the Upper Khabur Region
No full textBoğaziye Höyük lies at the northwestern end of the vast and fertile Upper Khabur Region, which stretches along the southern foothills of the Kašiari Mountains. Material culture remains unearthed at the mound by two seasons of excavations (2023-2024) shows significant similarities to assemblages known from other Upper Khabur sites. Our excavations in Trenches BE18-BE17 and BF18 on the northern slope of the mound focused on revealing the stratigraphic sequence in this area. Architectural remains of Building Levels I and II and finds from these contexts in Trench BE18 are dateable to the mid-3rd millennium BC. In Trench BE17, Building Level I also revealed finds that can be dated to the 3rd (especially mid-3rd) millennium BC, and in Trench BF18, ceramic sherds dateable to the 3rd millennium BC were found in Building Level III. This article presents new findings from Boğaziye Höyük and discusses their significance in comparison with the results of surveys and excavations in the Upper Khabur Region, which have continued increasingly since the mid-1930s. We evaluate the significance of Boğaziye Höyük as a regional center within the Upper Khabur basin, and we elucidate its habitation sequence and building levels in the light of our recent excavations. Based on a comparative evaluation of its material culture remains within a regional perspective, we contextualize Boğaziye Höyük in relationship to the cultural horizons of the early and mid-3rd millennium BC in the Upper Khabur Valley.Ministry of Culture and Tourism, General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and MuseumsWe thank the Ministry of Culture and Tourism for granting us archaeological research and excavation permits for the 2023-2024 seasons, and we thank to Idris Akguel, Director of the Mardin Museum, and Muaviye Sahin, Ministry representative for their support of our work during the field seasons. Our new excavation project at Bogaziye Hoeyuegue was made possible by the financial support from Ministry of Culture and Tourism, General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums and the dedicated work of our team members, to whom we are cordially grateful. We also thank Dr. G. Bike Yaz & imath;c & imath;oglu for her assistance with the English translation and proofreading of this article. Photographs presented in this article are sourced from Bogaziye Hoeyuegue Excavations Archive
Beşerî Sermayenin Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisi: Türkiye ve Güney Kore’nin Ampirik Olarak Karşılaştırılması
No full textBu çalışmada, beşerî sermayenin ekonomik büyümeye etkisi Türkiye ile Güney Kore örnekleminde karşılaştırmalı bir analize tabi tutulmaktır. İncelenen dönemler, Türkiye'de 1950-2019, Güney Kore'de ise 1953-2019 yılları arasını kapsamaktadır. Bu ilişkinin ekonometrik olarak tahmin edilmesinde Fourier KPSS birim kök testi ile serilerin durağanlığı, Kesirli Frekanslı Fourier ADL eşbütünleşme testi ile değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişki; FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR yöntemleri uzun dönem katsayı tahmini için kullanılmıştır. Beşerî sermayenin yanına fiziki sermaye ve nüfusun açıklayıcı değişkenler olarak yer aldığı modelden elde edilen bulgulara göre her iki ülkedeki tüm değişkenlerin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi anlamlı ve pozitiftir. Bulgular, Türkiye için beşerî sermayedeki %1’lik artışın ekonomik büyümeyi FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR tahmincilerine göre sırasıyla %0,62, %0,66, %0,65 arttırdığını göstermektedir. Güney Kore için ise beşerî sermayedeki %1’lik bir artış bu tahmincilere göre sırasıyla %2,29, %1,70, %2,32 artırmaktadır. Bu bulgular, içsel büyüme teorilerinden beşerî sermayenin ekonomik büyümenin belirleyicilerinden birisi olduğu iddiasını desteklemektedir. Ancak Güney Kore'de özellikle beşerî sermayenin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etki derecesi Türkiye'ye göre oldukça yüksektir. Bu durum, iki ülke arasında beşerî sermayedeki verimliliğin birbirlerinden farklı olduğunu göstermektedir. Türkiye’de stratejik bir bakış açısıyla kamu otoritelerinin eğitime yapılan yatırımları hem nicel hem de nitel anlamda artırmaları önerilmektedir
The Loss of Values and Critique of Modernism in Şükrü Erbaş’s Poems
No full textThe individual, suppressed, and controlled by modern life practices, gradually loses traditional values and becomes isolated both socially and internally. This stems from the fact that the structure of modern life alienates individuals from their reality and confines them to rigid norms. Cities, the primary habitats of modern life, intensify individual experiences of loneliness, distress, and alienation. Surrounded by concrete and steel and enveloped by towering skyscrapers, the individual’s relationship with nature and the natural weakens to the point of disconnection. This disconnection is not only physical but also brings about spiritual alienation and numbness. As modernization progresses, individuals become increasingly estranged from their essence and internal reality, they try to adapt to the chaotic and destructive atmosphere of the city. In the mechanical daily actions, they become alienated from both themselves and their surroundings. Caught in a constant rush and immersed in the complex and intense atmosphere of urban life, the city dweller loses their self-awareness and is deprived of nature’s healing and calming effect. As their social values weaken, their spiritual bonds also unravel. The psychological dilemmas of the alienated and desensitized city dweller are among the important thematic values of literary works. Contemporary Turkish poet Şükrü Erbaş addresses in his poems the loneliness, pains, dilemmas, and distress of the modern urban individual, while also highlighting the tragedies of people from different segments of society. Erbaş thematically explores the loss of values in city life with diversity, focusing on the effects of urbanization on the individual, including the mental and physical pressures of modern life. Praising natural life as purity and goodness, Erbaş implies that urbanization transforms the individual into a selfish and insensitive personality. The city dweller, who submits to the impositions of modern life, expresses the standardized and monotonous lifestyle through a critique of modernity in his verses. This study examines, from a sociological perspective, the psychological crisis and loneliness of the urban individual who transforms into a new personality through modern life in Şükrü Erbaş’s poems — one who loses their identity and submits to the impositions of the modern order
Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Bağlılık Düzeyleri ile Sınıf Yönetim Becerileri Arasındaki İlişki
No full textBu araştırma, ortaöğretim kurumlarında görev yapan öğretmenlerin mesleki bağlılık düzeyleri ile sınıf yönetim becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılında Diyarbakır ili merkez (Sur, Yenişehir, Kayapınar, Bağlar) ilçelerindeki resmi ortaöğretim okularında görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise kolay örneklem yöntemi ile seçilen 18 resmi ortaöğretim okulu ve bu okullarda görevli 415 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak, Ergen (2016) tarafından geliştirilen 'Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Bağlılık Ölçeği' (ÖMBÖ) ve Yüksel (2013) tarafından geliştirilen ve Ergen (2016) tarafından yeniden uyarlanan 'Sınıf Yönetimi Becerileri Ölçeği' aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada, öğretmenlerin mesleki bağlılığının; cinsiyete göre kadınların lehine, hizmet süresine göre 0-5 yıl hizmet süresi olanların lehine anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı, ancak medeni durum, okul türü, eğitim durumu ve sınıf mevcudu değişkenlerine göre anlamlı şekilde farklılaşmadığı, öğretmenlerin sınıf yönetim becerilerinin; cinsiyete göre kadın öğretmenlerin lehine, medeni duruma göre evli öğretmenlerin lehine, okul türüne göre Anadolu lisesinde görev yapanların lehine, hizmet süresine göre 0-5 yıl hizmet süresi olanların lehine ve sınıf mevcudu değişkenine göre sınıf mevcudu 11-20 arasında olanların lehine anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı, ancak eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı bir farklılaşma bulunmadığı, ortaöğretim okullarında çalışan öğretmenlerin mesleki bağlılıkları ile sınıf yönetim becerileri arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönde ilişki olduğu, öğretmenlerin mesleki bağlılık düzeylerinin, sınıf yönetim becerilerini anlamlı şekilde yordadığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları doğrultusunda uygulayıcılar ve araştırmacılara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mesleki Bağlılık, Öğretmenler, Sınıf Yönetim Becerisi.This study aims to examine the relationship between the professional commitment levels of teachers working in secondary education institutions and their classroom management skills. The research was conducted using the relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods. The study population consists of teachers working in public secondary schools in the central districts of Diyarbakır province (Sur, Yenişehir, Kayapınar, Bağlar) during the 2023–2024 academic year. The sample of the study comprises 415 teachers working in 18 public secondary schools selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the 'Teachers' Professional Commitment Scale' (developed by Ergen, 2016) and the 'Classroom Management Skills Scale' (originally developed by Yüksel, 2013 and later adapted by Ergen, 2016). The findings revealed that teachers' professional commitment significantly differed in favor of female teachers and those with 0–5 years of teaching experience, while no significant differences were found based on marital status, school type, educational background, or class size. In terms of classroom management skills, significant differences were observed in favor of female teachers, married teachers, those working in Anatolian high schools, those with 0–5 years of experience, and those teaching classes with 11–20 students. However, no significant differences were found based on educational background. A moderate, positive relationship was found between teachers' professional commitment and their classroom management skills. Furthermore, teachers' professional commitment levels were found to be a significant predictor of their classroom management skills. Based on the research findings, recommendations were made for practitioners and researchers. Keywords: Professional Commitment, Teachers, Classroom Management Skills
Zülfü Livaneli’nin Romanlarında Anlatım Teknikleri
No full textYazarlar konularını ilgi çekici hale getirmek için anlatım tekniklerinin imkânlarından faydalanırlar. Kişilerin iç dünyası, birbirleriyle iletişimleri, yaşadıkları ya da tanık oldukları olaylar ve olayların geçtiği yerler anlatım tekniklerinin etkin kullanımı sayesinde yaşamdan birer kesite dönüşür. Böylece romancılar okurun hayal gücünü harekete geçirirler. Yazarların birden fazla anlatım tekniğini kullanmaları sayesinde metin, monotonluktan kurtularak sürükleyici ve anlaşılması kolay bir hale gelir. Bu hususta anlatım tekniklerinin sunduğu geniş imkânlardan yararlanan sanatçılardan biri de Zülfü Livaneli’dir. Anlatım tekniklerini etkili kullanması nasıl anlatmalı sorunsalını aşmada yazarın işini kolaylaştırır. Yazar bazı eserlerini çok az bir yöntem çeşitliliği ile sunarken bazılarında çoklu anlatım teknikleri kullandığı görülür. Eserlerindeki anlatım tekniklerinin değişkenliği roman kişilerinin ya da olayların iç ve dış yapısını dikkat çekici bir şekilde aktarmak istemesiyle ilgilidir. Bu durum aynı zamanda eserlerinin biçim yönünden zenginleşmesini sağlar. Livaneli’nin eserlerinde anlatım tekniği olarak anlatma, gösterme, montaj, diyalog, geriye dönüş, betimleme ve mektup yöntemlerine başvurduğu görülmüştür
Fostering Teacher Commitment Through Inclusive Leadership: The Mediating Roles of Teacher Collaboration and Teacher Professionalism
No full textPurposeThis study examines the impact of inclusive leadership on teacher commitment by investigating the mediating roles of teacher collaboration and professionalism.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a cross-sectional survey method, and participants were selected using a convenience sampling technique. The proposed model was tested using structural equation modeling to analyze the direct and indirect relationships between variables.FindingsThe findings indicate that inclusive leadership positively influences teacher commitment, both directly and indirectly, through teacher collaboration and professionalism. Teacher professionalism emerged as a stronger mediator than collaboration.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights that inclusive leadership is crucial in strengthening teacher commitment, particularly when it fosters collaborative and professional environments. Additionally, the study highlights contextual differences, as the impact of inclusive leadership on teacher professionalism may be more pronounced in centralized education systems like T & uuml;rkiye
Bir Mektubun Düşündürdükleri: 1551’de Erzurum Beylerbeyi İskender Paşa’dan İran Hükümdarı Şah Tahmasb’a Gönderilen Mektubun Analizi
No full textKafkasya’dan İstanbul’a göçen bir ailenin oğlu olan Sarı/Çerkes İskender (Paşa), çocuk yaşta saraya alındıktan kısa süre sonra Osmanlı askerî bürokrasisin zirvesine tırmanmış bir figürdü. Bundan öte her veçhesiyle sisteme adanmışlığını özellikle Van, Erzurum ve Diyarbekir eyaletlerinde gösterdiği eylemler ve inşa ettiği yapılarda kalıcı kılmıştı. Diyarbekir’de kurucusu olduğu vakfın sağladığı imkanlardan olmalı ki aynı adla anılan bir hanedanın da bânisi olmuş ve bunlar Amid’de hatırı sayılır bir gücün de taşıyıcısı olmuşlardı. Onun kişiliğinin ve inandığı değerlerin bir yansıması olan Şah Tahmasb’a hitaben kaleme alınmış mektubu, çalışmanın referans noktasıdır. Bu mektupta başta İskender Paşa’nın sahip olduğu değerlere, bunda çağdaşı olan Şah Tahmasb’ın yerine, Vilayat-ı Şarkiyye’deki sınır gerginliğine, mikro ve makro ölçekteki gelişmelerin analizine odaklanılmıştır. Mektubun daha önce herhangi bir yerde yayımlanmaması da bir başka tespit unsurudur
The Transcript of a Long Story: a Critical Analysis of Eurocentric Prejudices in Turkey's European Union Membership Process
No full textTurkey’s European Union (EU) membership process has long been knotted in identity-based discussions that frame Turkey as an outsider, reinforcing the perception that it poses a cultural and political challenge to European unity. This study critically examines the role of Orientalist narratives in shaping the EU’s approach to Turkey’s membership, arguing that Turkey’s exclusion is not merely a result of political or economic misalignment but is deeply rooted in Eurocentric prejudices. Drawing on Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978), this paper explores how the concept of "Europeanization" extends beyond institutional alignment ("EUization") to include implicit cultural and civilizational boundaries. The study employed a qualitative, interpretative methodology to analyze the EU’s lengthy strategies and policy frameworks that construct Turkey as the "Other." It further investigates how Orientalist tropes manifest in debates surrounding Turkey’s geopolitical position, religious identity, and democratic credentials, affecting the EU’s inconsistent application of membership criteria. The findings reveal that the EU’s reluctance to integrate Turkey stems from an exclusionary European identity that prioritizes ethno-religious homogeneity over pluralism. Furthermore, mechanisms such as the “privileged partnership” model and discourse on the EU’s "absorption capacity" reflect an Orientalist mindset that seeks to control rather than integrate Turkey. By uncovering these underlying biases, this study contributes to broader discussions on European identity, integration policies, and the persistence of Orientalist thought in contemporary political discourse. © 2025 Journal of King Saud University – Science-Published by Scientific Scholar
Serum Selenium Levels and Subacute Thyroiditis: Associations With Disease Course and Long-Term Outcomes in a Case-Control Study
No full textCakal, Erman/0000-0003-4455-7276; Hepsen, Sema/0000-0002-8375-7409; Calapkulu, Murat/0000-0002-7445-2275;BackgroundSubacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an inflammatory disease that induces thyrotoxicosis. Selenium is an essential trace element in thyroid physiology, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the relationship between serum selenium levels and SAT has not been well studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate serum selenium levels in patients with SAT compared to healthy controls and to investigate potential correlations between selenium status and clinical outcomes, including disease severity, delayed remission, recurrence, and the development of permanent hypothyroidism.MethodsThis case-control study included 59 patients with SAT and 50 healthy control subjects. Serum selenium levels were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.ResultsThe serum selenium levels of patients with SAT were 69.10 (24.60-130.20) mu g/L, while those of the control group were 64.20 (39.21-106.80) mu g/L (p = 0.121). A negative correlation was detected between serum selenium levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, free thyroxine, and pain severity. Serum selenium levels did not significantly differ in terms of the response to initial treatment, recurrence, and permanent hypothyroidism.ConclusionThe study results showed no significant difference in serum selenium levels between patients with SAT and the control group. These results suggest that although lower serum selenium levels may be associated with a more severe and painful SAT course, there is no impact on the long-term prognosis.Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism of TurkeyPreparation for publication of this article was supported by the Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Turkey. This manuscript was edited by a professional English speaker. The language editing of this article was by ENAGO. Language editing was supported by the Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Turkey
Clinicopathological Predictors of Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Clinically Node-Negative Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
No full textPurposeThis retrospective cohort study aimed to identify clinicopathological predictors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsA total of 503 patients with PTC who underwent thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection were included. Preoperative clinical data, ultrasonographic features, and postoperative histopathological characteristics were analyzed.ResultsCLNM was detected in 209 (41.55%) patients. Male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.82-5.35), irregular nodule borders (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.25-3.26) and higher risk categories in the American Thyroid Association (ATA) ultrasonographic pattern stratification system (OR = 13.312, 95% CI: 8.623-20.551) were identified as independent preoperative predictors of CLNM. A simplified model incorporating only the ATA ultrasonographic pattern stratification system and male sex achieved 83.5% accuracy in predicting CLNM. Histopathological evaluation revealed lymphovascular invasion (OR = 4.61, 95% CI: 2.81-7.55), extrathyroidal extension (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.52-3.83), and multifocality (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.04-2.40) as independent predictors of CLNM, while lymphocytic thyroiditis (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39-0.89) was a protective factor.ConclusionThis study establishes that ATA ultrasonographic suspicion patterns combined with the male sex provide an accurate and simplified model for preoperative CLNM prediction in PTC, outperforming complex nomograms. Key independent predictors included male sex, irregular nodule margins, ATA high-risk patterns, lymphovascular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, and multifocality, while lymphocytic thyroiditis was protective. According to the current study, risk assessment and personalized management should favor a holistic approach, rather than focusing solely on individual risk factors