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Assessments of Energy, Macro and Micronutrient Intakes in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFOZKAYA, Volkan/0000-0001-7576-2083Objective: This study aims at examining dietary intake in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and comparing the results with national dietary intake recommendations. Patients and Methods: One hundred fifty children and adolescents (52.7% female) with an average age of 12.2 +/- 3.1 years and with type 1 DM who were followed by the Pediatric Endocrinology Polyclinic participated in the study. Three-day food intake records and clinical information regarding the type 1 DM condition of the participants were obtained. Results: No gender-related significant difference was found among the participants regarding food intake. The percentage of energy derived from fat (average 39.6%) and saturated fat (16.1%) were higher than the recommended levels in both gender groups. The percentage of energy derived from carbohydrates (female 44.1 +/- 5.7%, male 43.0 +/- 6.8%) was below the recommended levels. The dietary fiber intake in children aged 6-10 years with type 1 DM met recommendations, whereas, it was below the recommended levels in other age groups. Micronutrient inadequacy was common in children and adolescents with type 1 DM. Conclusions: The authors believe that guidelines and programs are needed for children and adolescents with type 1 DM to reduce total fat and saturated fat intake, increase carbohydrate and dietary fiber intake up to the recommended levels, and prevent multiple micronutrient inadequacies.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Morphological and Biochemical Investigation of the Protective Effects of Panax Ginseng on Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Damage
No full textObjective: Methotrexate (MTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent that causes testicular toxicity used in the cure of various types of cancer. The anti-oxidant and anti-cancer effects of Panax ginseng (PxG) have been reported in both experimental and clinical studies. This study aims to examine the healing effect of PxG on testicular damage induced by MTX. Materials and Methods: Sprague Dawley male rats (8-week-olds) were used in the study. A single dose ofMTXdissolved in saline (20 mg/kg) was given to MTX and MTX+PxG groups by intraperitoneal injection. PxG dissolved in saline (100 mg/kg) was given by orogastric gavage once a day for 5 days to the MTX+PxG group. Saline was given to the control and MTX groups orally during the experiments. After decapitation, the testis sampleswere obtained. Seminiferous tubules and basement membranewere evaluated histopathologically. Seminiferous tubule diameter and germinal epithelium thickness were measured. Furthermore, oxidative stress parameters such as malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase were measured. Results: MTX treatment caused seminiferous tubule degeneration with a decrease in Johnsen's score, the seminiferous tubule's diameter, and the germinal epithelium's thickness. Parallel with the histopathological results increased testicular oxidative stress with an increase in malondialdehyde level and a decrease of endogenous anti-oxidant activity with a decrease in glutathione level and glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase activities. PxG treatment improved these histological and biochemical parameters in MTX-induced testis cytotoxicity. Conclusion: MTX treatment causes testicular damage via the oxidative processes. PxG treatment ameliorates MTX-induced testicular damage by inhibiting oxidative stress.Marmara University, Scientific Research Project Committee [TDK-2020-10047]This study was financially supported by Marmara University, Scientific Research Project Committee (TDK-2020-10047)
A Single-center's Early Surgical Outcomes of Living Donor Liver Transplantation
No full textSahin, Emrah/0000-0001-5267-9068; ANILIR, ENDER/0000-0002-0024-1790; Sonmez Topcu, Feyza/0000-0002-7450-2949Background. Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has become an increasingly common surgical option because the number of cadaveric donors is insufficient to fulfill the organ needs of patients facing end-stage cirrhosis. Many centers are investigating different surgical techniques to achieve lower complication rates. We aimed to examine our complication rates in light of demographic data, graft data, and perioperative findings as a single-center experience. Methods. The study included one hundred and three patients who underwent LDLT for endvein, and bile anastomosis type rates; anhepatic phase; cold ischemia time; operation time; and blood product transfusion rates were analyzed. Biliary complications in patients with single or multiple biliary anastomoses, right or left liver transplants, and with or without hepatic artery thrombosis were analyzed statistically. Results. There was no significant difference in biliary complications between patients who underwent single or multiple bile anastomosis (P = .231) or patients receiving right lobe and left lobe transplants (P = .315). Although there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of portal vein thrombosis between the regular and reconstructed portal vein anastomosis groups (P = .693), the postoperative portal vein thrombosis rate was statistically higher in patients with left lobe transplants (P = .044). Conclusions. Vascular and biliary complication rates can be reduced with increasing experience.Science Citation Index Expande
Government Responses To the Covid-19 Pandemic: Comparative Health Policies in the Us and Canada
No full textIn this chapter, we seek to analyse how the United States (US) and Canada handled the COVID-19 pandemic, the resulting consequences on domestic politics, and the overall effect on global geopolitics. The record voter turnout for the 2020 US elections is viewed as an outcome of increased polarisation, politicisation and disinformation, and the general lack of transparency and accountability regarding the COVID-19 crisis under the Trump Administration. On the other hand, although Trump’s isolationist and right-wing policies, in general, pushed Canada into a lonely position in tackling the virus, Canada was able to perform better at handling the virus effectively. Due to robust lockdowns and fiscal stimulus packages and investments in healthcare and COVID-related research, Canada recovered well. Moreover, a comparison of the results of the 2020 US and 2021 Canadian elections indicates that while most Americans distrusted Trump’s pandemic agenda, most Canadians chose to re-elect Prime Minister Justin Trudeau given his successful handling of the virus. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Erman Akilli, Burak Güneş and Ahmet Gökbel
Investigation of Acute Effects of Slow Controlled Breathing on Fatigue and Vital Markers During Recovery Phase
Get PDFObjective: Our study aims to examine the acute effects of slow controlled breathing on fatigue, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate during the recovery period after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in young adults. Methods: Twenty-six volunteers between the ages of 18 and 30 were included in the study. Participants received the same aerobic exercise program. During the recovery period, the slow breathing group performed slow breathing with a respiratory frequency of 0.1 Hz (6 breath cycles/minute) combined with lower extremity static stretching exercises, while the control group only received a stretching exercise program. A modified Borg CR10 scale was used to evaluate perceived fatigue, a finger pulse oximeter was used for heart rate, and a digital sphygmomanometer was used for blood pressure. Participants were evaluated 5 times: at the beginning of the study, at the end of the aerobic exercise program (the 0th minute of recovery), 3rd minute of recovery, 6th minute of recovery, and 12th minute of recovery. Results: At the end of the study, no significant differences were found between the groups for any parameter at each time point (P > .050). There were statistically significant time-dependent differences within groups in terms of respiratory rate (slow breathing group P= .018, control group P > .001), fatigue (slow breathing group P ≤ .001, control group P .050). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that slow controlled breathing combined with stretching or stretching alone applied in the recovery phase had similar acute effects on respiratory rate, heart rate, and fatigue but not on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. © 2023 AVES. All Rights Reserved
Telerehabilitation: an Updated View of Practices, Cost Analysis, and Client Perceptions
No full textTelerehabilitation is an alternative and complementary rehabilitation method in which information and communication technologies are used to remove the distance between healthcare professionals and clients. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the rapid adoption of telerehabilitation services, limiting the in-person rehabilitation services available all over the world. The restrictions that started with the COVID-19 pandemic also negatively affected rehabilitation services, clients, and healthcare professionals, so at the time, it was considered essential to provide services using telerehabilitation technology. Therefore, this review aimed to examine and inform health professionals' telerehabilitation practices such as remote assessment, evaluation, intervention, monitoring, supervision, education, and follow-up during the pandemic, in addition to present the practice areas, advantages, disadvantages, perceptions, and cost analysis results of telerehabilitation practices to healthcare professionals, considering the standards the American Telemedicine Association set.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Morphological Andbiochemical Evaluation of Effects Of<i> Myrtus</I><i> Communis</I> L. Extract on Heart and Aorta in High Fat-Diet Obese Rats
No full textErcan, Feriha/0000-0003-2339-5669; Sener, Goksel/0000-0001-7444-6193; Sen, Ali/0000-0002-2144-5741Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effects of Myrtus communis L. (MC) extract on high fat-diet (HFD) induced heart and aorta damage by evaluating oxidative stress and the endothelial nitric oxide system (eNOS).Materials and Methods: Wistar albino male rats were divided into 3 groups (n=7) as control, HFD, and HFD+MC. Rats in HFD and HFD+MC groups were HFD fed for 16 weeks and in the last 4 weeks saline or MC (100 mg/kg) was administered orally (5 days/week). Triglyceride, cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimated in blood serum. Tissue oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters were evaluated biochemically. Tissue morphologies, eNOS, inducible NOS (iNOS), and NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2)-immunopositive and apoptotic cells were evaluated histologically.Results: Altered serum lipid profiles, degenerated heart, and aorta morphology, increased malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and myeloperoxidase levels, and iNOS, NOX-2 immunopositive and apoptotic cells, decreased NO levels, eNOS-immunopositive cells in both tissues were observed in HFD group. All these parameters improved in the HFD+MC group. Conclusion: This study revealed that HFD-induced obesity increased iNOS activation and oxidative stress in the cardiac and aortic tissues of the rats. MC improved oxidant/antioxidant balance and prevented heart and aorta damage via eNOS involvement.Marmara University Research Fund [SAG-C-DRP-250.919.0292]Financial Support: This study was supported by Marmara University Research Fund (SAG-C-DRP-250.919.0292) .Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Protective Effects of <i>momordica Charantia</I> (bitter Melon) Against Methotrexate-Induced Kidney Damage
No full textCevik, Ozge/0000-0002-9325-3757; Sener, Goksel/0000-0001-7444-6193Background Methotrexate is a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent that has severe side effects, such as nephrotoxicity. Momordica charantia is a bright yellow-orange fruity plant that has been shown to have antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective This study scrutinized the protective effects of Momordica charantia extract against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods 24 Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into three experimental groups (8 rats in each): Control (C); Methotrexate (MTX); and Methotrexate plus Momordica charantia (MTX+MC). All rats were fed ad libitum and tap water. Methotrexate was administered at 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally as a single dose. In the MTX+MC group, MC was administered at a dose of 50mg/kg for 5 days orally. At the end of the 5th day, the rats were decapitated and kidney samples were taken to analyze glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and caspase-3 activity. Data was analyzed with GraphPad Prism 5.0. Results Findings showed that while there was a significant increase in MDA, MPO, 8-OHdG levels, and an essential reduction in GSH levels in the MTX-treated group when compared with the control group, bitter melon treatment significantly reversed MDA, MPO, and 8-OHdG levels (p< 0.001). GSH level elevation was observed in the MTX-MC group when compared to the MTX-treated group (p< 0.001). Conclusion This study showed that bitter melon is thought to have a protective effect against kidney damage caused by methotrexate. With future studies, we believe that the use of bitter melon extract as a protective agent in kidney damage caused by drug-induced oxidative damage will bring an innovative approach to treatment.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Decreased Stuttering While Walking: Speech and Fmri Findings
No full textUlasoglu-Yildiz, Cigdem/0000-0003-1849-0055; Oge-Dasdogen, Ozlem/0000-0002-8954-0980[No Abstract Available]Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Analysis of Selected Steroid Hormones in Sea of Marmara Sediment Samples by Lc-esi/Ms-ms
No full textBackground and Aims: Sediment is the general name given to the muddy structure located at the bottom of aquatic environments such as the sea. In our study, the amounts of steroid hormones were investigated in the sediment samples taken from the Marmara Sea. According to other studies, it has been determined that the excess of the hormone load in the sediments may be an indicator of human/animal sourced pollution, as well as the negative effects of the hormones mixed in the seas with the ecological cycle on the health of humans and animals.Methods: In our study, 31 selected human/animal, plant, natural and synthetic hormone-steroids were studied using Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS-MS). Methanol and QuEChERS were used as extraction methods. Sediment samples were taken from a total of 27 points selected for sampling at the Marmara Sea.Results: According to the results we found, the androgens: androsterone (24.50-1718.18 ng g-1), testosterone (86.30-1600.32 ng g-1); the estrogens: mestranol (33.73-228.32 ng g-1), equilin (53.44-1232.53 ng g-1); the progestagens; pregnenolone (37.50374.76 ng g-1), progesterone (39.96-405.60 ng g-1); levonorgestrel (325.25 and 937.93 ng g-1); the fecal sterols: cholestanone (57.57-1726.32 ng g-1), coprostanol + epicoprostanol (51.43-1370.33 ng g-1); and the plant sterol; campesterol (35.30-1859.90 ng g-1) were the compounds detected.Conclusion: Estrogens and progestogens are active components of birth control pills, and cholestanone and coprostanol + epicoprostanol are steroids that are indicative of human/animal pollution. Coprostanol + epicoprostanol and cholestanone, which are indicators of fecal pollution, were detected in all sediment samples. In our study, steroid hormones were detected for the first time in Sea of Marmara sediments and possible environmental risks were evaluated.Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [SAG-C-DRP-110618-0301]This work was supported by Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project number: SAG-C-DRP-110618-0301) .Emerging Sources Citation Inde