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Ensemble-Based Alzheimer's Disease Classification Using Features Extracted From Hog Descriptor and Pre-Trained Models
No full textAlzheimer's Disease is the most common type of dementia and is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease. The disease worsens over time, and the patient becomes bedridden, unable to move or understand what is happening around him. The main concern of medicine is to slow down the progression of the disease for which no treatment has yet been developed. Artificial intelligence studies have achieved significant success in detecting many diseases. In this study, an artificial intelligence-based approach that uses MR images of the early stage of Alzheimer's Disease to detect the disease at an early stage is presented. Initially, a new dataset was created through the application of the fuzzy technique, thereby expanding the feature space. Then, an ensemble learning-based hybrid deep learning model was developed to reduce the misclassification rate for all classes. The features derived from the inception module, residual modules, and histogram of oriented gradients descriptor are subjected to classification through bagging and boosting algorithms. The proposed model has surpassed many state-of-the-art studies by achieving a high success rate of 99.60% in detecting Alzheimer's disease in its early stages
Ukrayna Savaşı’nda Büyük ve Bölgesel Güçlerin Mücadelesi: Rusya’nin Perspektifi
No full textBu çalışma Şubat 2022’de başlayan Ukrayna-Rusya Savaşı’nı Rusya perspektifinden değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmada Rusya’nın neden Ukrayna’ya savaş ilan ettiği Rusya’nın politikaları, resmî belgeleri ve resmi düzeyde söylemleri ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Soğuk Savaş’ın bitmesine rağmen askerî bir yapı olan NATO’nun ve ekonomik-siyasi yapı olarak AB’nin Doğu Avrupa genişlemesi Rusya’da Yeltsin döneminden beri yakından izlenmektedir. Putin döneminde ise bunun bir tehdit olduğu resmî belgelere yansımıştır. Bu noktada bu savaşın sadece Rusya’nın değil Batı’nın politikaları etkisiyle de ortaya çıktığı çıkarımı yapılmıştır. Ukrayna – Rusya Savaşı’nın küresel çapta etkileri mevcuttur, bu nedenle de Ukrayna’nın büyük ve bölgesel güçlerin bir mücadele alanı hâline geldiği kanısına varılmıştır. Ukrayna’nın büyük güçler arası bir mücadelenin yansıması olan bir savaşa konu olduğu da araştırmanın bir diğer bulgusudur. Araştırma sonucunda Rusya’nın özellikle NATO’nun genişlemesiyle Batı’dan gelen bir tehdit algısı, ABD ile olan mücadelesi, eski Sovyet bölgesindeki nüfuzu koruma çabası nedenleriyle Ukrayna’ya savaş ilan ettiği görülmüştür
Ucscs in Treatment of T1dm and T2dm; a Meta-Analysis
Get PDFIbrahim, Ismail/0000-0002-0805-8181; Shalabi, Laila/0000-0001-7334-9711[No Abstract Available]Science Citation Index Expanded - Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Scienc
Perspectives of Psychologists Towards the Field of Ergonomics: A Qualitative Study
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Evaluation of Hydrazide-Hydrazone and 4-Thiazolidinone Derivatives of Etodolac as Potential Anticancer Agents in Leukemia Cells
No full textMega Tiber, Pinar/0000-0003-0819-0702Background Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are commonly used for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, have also been found to prevent cancer. (+/-)(R,S) Etodolac is an NSAID that belongs to the class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Various derivatives of etodolac are synthesized to boost its anti-proliferative action and lessen its potential negative effects. In our earlier studies, some novel derivatives of etodolac exhibited stronger cytotoxic effects on prostate cell lines and had similar effects on leukemia cells in pre-screening experiments.Objective Using the K562 leukemia cell line as a model, we sought to investigate the anti-cancer properties of a hydrazide-hydrazone derivative (SGK-205) and a 4-thiazolidinone derivative of etodolac (SGK-216).Materials and Methods In the current investigation, SGK-205 and SGK-216 compounds were administered to K562 cells for 24 and 48 hours at concentrations of 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mu M. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT test, and apoptosis by Annexin V-PI staining and mitochondrial membrane potential assays, together with mRNA expressions of apoptotic proteins. The levels of the proteins, HER2 and COX2, were also examined to evaluate COX2 inhibitory capacity.Results In K562 cells, there was a definite dose-dependent response to SGK-205 and SGK-216 compounds. Results from MTT viability tests, together with mitochondrial membrane potential measurements and Annexin V-PI staining, revealed that SGK-216 and SGK-205 significantly outperformed etodolac in terms of their apoptotic and anti-proliferative activities. The concentration range of 10-20 mu M for both chemicals was sufficient to start biological responses. Apoptosis was also investigated through the expressions of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Additionally, gene expression research demonstrated SGK-205 to be a beneficial substitute to etodolac in lowering COX-2 and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression.Conclusion Our data indicated both derivatives to have higher anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects compared to etodolac. An overall assessment highlighting apoptotic induction potential, acceptable toxicity levels, a consistent dose-response relationship, and COX2 inhibitory actions, in particular, indicated SGK-205 as a viable novel therapeutic.Scientific Research Project Commission of Marmara University [SAG-A-200318-0093]; TUBITAK [108S257]This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project Commission of Marmara University (Project number: SAG-A-200318-0093). The synthesis and confirmation of novel compounds (SGK 205 and SGK 216) were supported by a grant of TUBITAK (Project number: 108S257)Science Citation Index Expande
Evaluation of Coping Mechanism of Mothers of Children With Chronic Diseases During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Get PDFAIM: The aim of this study was to determine the problems, perceived stress, and coping with the stress of mothers of children with chronic diseases during the pandemic. METHODS: The study was conducted with cross-sectional design. The data were gathered from the mothers of children with chronic diseases who were followed up at the endocrine outpatient clinic of a hospital in Istanbul between February 1, 2021, and May 31, 2021. The data were collected by conducting face-to-face interviews with mothers of 117 children through information form, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Coping with Stress Scale (CSS). RESULTS: It was determined that 35.9% of the mothers stated that they had problems during the pandemic since their children suffered from chronic diseases. The mean scores of the mothers were 26.88 +/- 6.69 points for the PSS and 87.35 +/- 11.04 points for the CSS and there was a negative and weak correlation between their scale scores (r = -.190; p < .05). CONCLUSION: It was found that families faced many different problems during the pandemic, such as the treatment and control of their children. In case of extraordinary situations such as pandemics, nurses should provide planned guidance and counseling services to children with chronic diseases and their families in order to manage the negative situations they experience.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
uzman Hemşirelerin Uzmanlık Alanlarına Uygun Birimlerde Çalışma Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışma uzman hemşirelerin uzmanlık alanlarına uygun birimlerde çalışma durumlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tasarımdaki çalışmanın verileri, 2019 yılının Kasım ve Aralık aylarında bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 83 uzman hemşireden toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, hemşirelerin demografik özelliklerini, uzmanlık alanlarını, çalıştıkları alanları ve uzmanlık alanları ile çalışma alanlarının uygunluğunu sorgulamayı hedefleyen dokuz soruluk form kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan uzman hemşirelerin uzmanlık alanları incelendiğinde en yüksek oranda %24,1 (n:83) cerrahi hastalıkları hemşireliği alanında, en düşük oranda %2,4 (n:83) ise hemşirelikte eğitim ve halk sağlığı hemşireliği alanlarında uzmanlaşmanın tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelik esasları, cerrahi hastalıkları hemşireliği, iç hastalıkları hemşireliği ve hemşirelikte yönetim alanlarında uzman olanların ağırlıklı olarak yönetici roller üstlenmişlerdir. Kadın sağlığı hemşireliği alanında uzman olanların çoğunlukla servislerde, çocuk sağlığı alanında uzman olanların ise çoğunlukla özellikli birimlerde çalıştıkları saptanmıştır. Uzman hemşirelerin %65,1'inin uzmanlık alanlarına uygun alanda çalıştıklarını düşündükleri, ancak böyle düşünmeyenlerin çoğunluğunun (%68,97) uzmanlık alanlarına uygun olan bir alanda çalışmakla ilgili herhangi bir istek iletmedikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Uzman hemşireler büyük oranda uzmanlık alanlarına uygun alanlarda istihdam edilmektedirler
Histological and Biochemical Effects of an Ethanolic Extract of <i>myrtus Communis</I> Leaf on the Pancreases of Rats Fed High Fat Diets
No full textSen, Ali/0000-0002-2144-5741; ERTAS, BUSRA/0000-0001-8374-1098; Ercan, Feriha/0000-0003-2339-5669; Sener, Goksel/0000-0001-7444-6193We investigated the effects of an ethanolic extract of Myrtus communis subsp. communis (MC) leaves on the pancreases of rats fed with a high fat diet (HFD). Wistar albino rats were fed either with standard lab chow (Control group) or with a 45% fat diet (HFD and HFD+MC groups) for 4 months, with the MC extract (100 mg/kg) being administered by orogastric gavage to rats in the HFD+MC group during the last month. Blood and pancreas samples were collected from all experimental groups at the end of the study. Insulin and leptin levels, and the lipid profile, were analyzed in the blood serum. Pancreatic injury was assessed histologically. Insulin, nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kappa B), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) were assessed using immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) immunohistochemistry. In addition, oxidant/antioxidant activity was analyzed by biochemical methods. Increased body weight, serum insulin and leptin levels, blood glucose level and pancreatic tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and decreased tissue glutathione (GSH) level were observed in the HFD group compared to the Control group, in addition to dyslipidemia. An increased histopathological damage score, pancreatic islet area, insulin, TUNEL, NF-kappa B and alpha-SMA immunoreactivity were seen in animals from the HFD group compared to the Control group. However, such pathological changes were reduced in the HFD+MC group. Our data indicate further investigation of MC extract as a therapeutic adjuvant for HFD-induced pancreatic injury, acting via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, is worth carrying out.Scientific Research Projects Unit of Marmara University [SAG-C-YLP-090518-0229]; Scientific Research Projects Unit of Marmara UniversityThis study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Marmara University (grant no. SAG-C-YLP-090518-0229). The authors would like to thank Dr. Gizem Bulut for her contribution to the identification of the plant material.Science Citation Index Expande
Adsorption Mechanisms, Kinetics and Photoactivities of Green Synthesized Hydroxyapatite Supported Zno and La-Zno Catalysts
No full textOkte, Ayse Neren/0000-0002-3195-4021In this study, hydroxyapatite (HAP) is synthesized by a co-precipitation method from the waste eggshell, utilized as a support for ZnO (ZnO-HAP) and La-ZnO (La-ZnO-HAP) and employed to degrade methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) dyes under UV irradiation. Water vapor adsorption as relative humidity (84 % RH) on the HAP structure and the as-prepared catalysts are also examined. The characteristic ZnO and HAP reflections are detected in X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of ZnO-HAP, La-ZnO-HAP and humidified samples. ZnO and La-ZnO existence is also verified by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance (UV-Vis DRS) spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). ZnO and La-ZnO loading on the HAP induce the formation of mesoporous structures with high surface areas. Dark adsorption capacities and photoactivities of the as-prepared samples are explored regarding electrostatic interactions, Lewis acid-base interactions and hydrogen bonding for both MO and MB. In particular, La-ZnO-HAP 500 degrees C and La-ZnO-HAP 500 degrees C (RH) exhibit improved adsorption abilities and photoactivities. The pseudo-second order model describes the kinetic behavior of all samples under dark conditions. Unhumidified samples follow Langmuir isotherm while Freundlich isotherm better fits humidified ones. Under irradiation, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model describes the photoactivities of all samples. The four recycling tests confirm the stabilities of HAP 100 degrees C, HAP 500 degrees C, ZnO-HAP 500 degrees C and La-ZnO-HAP 500 degrees C. This study suggests that the ZnO or La-ZnO loaded HAP catalysts prepared in the presence and absence of humid conditions are considered promising materials for environmental remediation.Bogazici University Research Fund [BAP 22BD8/19362]This study was supported by Bogazici University Research Fund Grant Number-BAP 22BD8/19362.Science Citation Index Expande
E-Health Literacy Status of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis in Turkey
No full textISIKLAR, CAGDAS/0000-0003-0287-3238Background: This research aims to compare e-health literacy of technology users and nonusers in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to investigate whether there are correlations between age, duration of MS, gender, marital status, and e-health total scores.Methods: This descriptive study was carried out with a web-based questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent to 300 patients with MS who were registered at Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty Neurology Department.Results: A total of 156 people (mean age: 35.33 +/- 10.47 years) participated in the survey. Smartphone 98.1% (n = 153) was the mostly used device. Rate of using Google and recommended websites about MS was 94.25% (n = 145) and 73.9% (n = 113), respectively. e-Health literacy of both the tablet and recommended websites users significantly differed from that of nonusers (p = 0.007 for both). Participants' e-health literacy total score was found to weakly, but significantly, correlate with their age, marital status, and education level (rho: -0.161, p = 0.044; rho: 0.172, p = 0.032; rho: -0.192, p = 0.016, respectively).Conclusions: With developments in digital technologies, it is important to identify the access status of people with MS to improve daily clinical management and implement further motor and cognitive rehabilitation. Therefore, determining the health literacy of individuals with MS and providing education on this subject will reduce the information pollution.Science Citation Index Expande