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Synthesis of Novel Thiazole/Thiadiazole Conjugates of Fluoroquinolones as Potent Antibacterial and Antimycobacterial Agents
No full textTwenty azole-fluoroquinolone hybrids were designed and synthesized by conjugating thiazole and thiadiazole structures to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin via a 2-oxoethyl bridge. The structures and purities of the synthesized compounds were proven by spectral techniques. The antimycobacterial effects of target compounds 21–40 were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Among the 20 synthesized compounds, 12 exhibited minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values in the range of 1.56–25 μg/mL. Among the molecules screened for antimycobacterial effects, the most effective was compound 35, a thiadiazole-ciprofloxacin hybrid. The cytotoxic effect of this molecule was found to be lower than the reference drugs, and it was also determined to be a more effective inhibitor than ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in the DNA-gyrase supercoiling test. The antimicrobial effects of compounds 21–40 were screened by agar-well diffusion and microdilution tests against Gram-positive/negative bacteria, a fast-growing mycobacterium, and two yeast strains. While most of the compounds tested showed antibacterial effects, the most effective fluoroquinolone derivative appeared to be compound 31 with an MIC value of < 0.63 μg/mL against all Gram-negative bacteria tested. Azole-fluoroquinolone hybrids 21–40 did not show any activity against non-pathogenic Lactobacillus species and yeast-like fungi, indicating that they have selective antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria. In silico molecular docking studies were conducted to uncover the interactions between lead compound 35 and the DNA gyrase proteins of M. tuberculosis and S. aureus. Additionally, a 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to assess the stability of the complexes formed between compound 35 and both proteins. © 2025 The Author(s). Chemical Biology & Drug Design published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Institute of Organic Chemistry; Universität Heidelberg; Fine Chemicals Inc.; Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Commission; Atabay Pharmaceuticals; Marmara Üniversitesi, (SAG‐C‐DRP‐140115‐0002); Marmara ÜniversitesiScience Citation Index Expande
Life and Stigma Experiences of Individuals with Substance Use Disorder: A Qualitative Study
No full textThis study aimed to determine the life and stigma experiences of individuals with substance use disorder who received inpatient treatment in an adult detoxification center. Data for this qualitative phenomenological study were collected in Istanbul between April and December 2023. The data were analyzed using Colazzi steps. A total of 26 individuals with substance use disorder were interviewed. The content analysis identified three main themes. The initial topic discussed was the effect of substance use on individuals’ lives. The sec- ond theme discussed was stigmatization. The final theme addressed coping with stigmatization. The study revealed that participants experienced negative emotions, including regret, guilt, and shame, due to stigma- tization, exclusion, and discrimination. Substance use treatment should not only focus on pharmacotherapy but also the psychological and social needs of the individual. Furthermore, to address negative attitudes in society, mental health professionals could inform families and disseminate anti-stigma programs
The Effect of Myrtus Communis Extract on High Fat Diet Induced Liver Damage in Rats
No full textScientific Research Projects Unit of Marmara University [TTU-2020-10030]These effects should be supported by further experimental and clinical studies. This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Marmara University (TTU-2020-10030).Science Citation Index Expande
Classification of Noisy Histopathology Images with Bayesian and Ensemble Deep Learning
No full textThe classification of histopathology image data using deep learning algorithms is a pivotal aspect in cancer diagnosis, offering crucial benefits in terms of accuracy and rapid decision-making for pathologists, technologists, clinicians, and researchers. However, the complex process of data structuring and labeling often involves the presence of noisy or outlier labels and images, which inevitably diminish the training and predictive efficacy of classification models. This study introduces an innovative approach for classifying histopathology images with noisy characteristics, presenting a learning process resilient to noise. In this dataset, where classification performance is inherently challenged, popular transfer learning models are integrated with Bayesian deep learning and ensemble learning algorithms. This integration helps mitigate common problems such as overfitting and underfitting in outlier data predictions, yielding more stable outcomes. These hybrid methods, unaffected by the noise and uncertainty in data structures, demonstrate performance comparable to, or even surpassing, transfer learning algorithms. Consequently, the viability of addressing real-world noisy dataset scenarios is enhanced. Experimental results indicate that the proposed ensemble Bayesian transfer learning algorithms match the success of pre-trained transfer learning algorithms and offer an alternative to time-consuming model validation techniques, underscoring the practical application of ensemble Bayesian transfer learning in enhancing uncertainty assessments. · © 2025 SPIE · 0277-786X
Evcil Hayvan Dostu İş Yerleri: Kurt Lewin’in Değişim Kuramı Bağlamında Varsayımsal Vaka Temelli Uygulama Rehberi
No full textDünyada giderek daha fazla kurum evcil hayvan dostu uygulamaları benimserken, Türkiye’de bu alana yönelik ampirik araştırmaların ve uygulamaların oldukça sınırlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, iş yerlerinde evcil hayvanların varlığının çalışanlara ve kurumlara sağlayabileceği katkıları Kurt Lewin’in üç aşamalı değişim modeli çerçevesinde ele alarak konuya Türkiye bağlamında dikkat çekmek ve kav-ramsal bir çerçeve üzerinden uygulama örneği sunmaktır. Söz konusu çalışma kap-samında kavramsal çerçeve sunularak evcil hayvan dostu iş yerleri kavramı incelenmekte, konuya ilişkin uygulamaların bireysel ve örgütsel çıktıları tartışılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, uygulamanın önündeki engellere de değinilmektedir. Ayrıca Türkiye’de son beş yılda yapılan çalışmalar incelenerek mevcut durum ortaya konmakta ve alanyazındaki boşluklar vurgulanmaktadır. Bu yönüyle çalışma, kuramsal tartışmaları temel alarak hipotetik bir vaka üzerinden uygulama boyutuna ışık tutan bir örnek sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın özgün yönü, evcil hayvan dostu işyeri uygulamalarını hem çalışanlar hem de örgütler bağlamında ele alarak evcil hayvan dostu iş yerlerinin çalışanlara ve kurumlara sağlayabileceği katkılara işaret etmesi ve Türkiye’deki iş yerleri açısından tartışmaya değer bir zemin oluşturmasıdır. Son olarak, gelecekte gerçekleştirilecek ampirik araştırmaların hangi konuları kapsayabileceği üzerinde durulmakta, bu alandaki boşluğun ise yeni çalışmalar için önemli fırsatlar sunduğu belirtilmektedir
Chelsea Yoğun Bakım Fiziksel Değerlendirme Aracı’nın (CPAx-TR) Türkçe Versiyonunun Güvenirliği ve Geçerliği
Get PDFAmaç: Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YBÜ), hastaların fonksiyonel durumunu değerlendirme klinik karar verme açısından kritik roldedir. Chelsea Kritik Bakım Fiziksel Değerlendirme Aracı (CPAx), YBÜ hastalarında fonksiyonel durumu değerlendirmek için geliştirilmiş, geçerliliği kanıtlanmış bir araçtır. Çalışmanın amacı; CPAx aracının Türkçeye kültürlerarası uyarlamasını yapmak ve yoğun bakım hastalarında geçerlik ve güvenirliğini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çeviri ve geri çeviri yöntemi ile Türkçe’ye uyarlanan araç, yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan 60 hastaya uygulanmıştır. Güvenirlik analizi kapsamında, iç tutarlılık Cronbach’s alpha katsayısı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Yapı geçerliği kapsamında faktör Analizi kullanıldı. Kriter geçerliği kapsamında ise, CPAx aracı ile Fiziksel Fonksiyon YBÜ Testi (P-FIT) arasında Pearson korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Aracın iç tutarlılığı yüksek bulunmuş, Cronbach’s alpha değeri 0,960 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Madde-toplam puan korelasyonlarının tamamı 0,30’un üzerinde çıkmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, tüm maddelerin tek faktörde toplandığı görülmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde modelin iyi uyum gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (CMIN/df=1,207; CFI=0,993; NFI=0,959; GFI=0,907; RMSEA=0,059). Ayrıca, P-FIT ile yapılan korelasyon analizinde güçlü bir pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur (r = 0.892; p Sonuç: CPAx-TR’nin YBÜ hastalarında işlevselliği değerlendirmede kabul edilebilir düzeyde geçerlik ve güvenirlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir
Evaluation of Pulmonary Function Test and Peripheral Muscle Strength in Smoking and Non-Smoking University Students
No full textObjective This study was conducted to compare pulmonary function and peripheral muscle strength in smoking and non-smoking university students. Materials and Methods Data were collected from 120 volunteer university students aged between 18 and 25 years, who were divided into two groups regardless of gender after their smoking status had been determined. Data were collected using a sociodemographic form, the Pulmonary Function Test (PFT), and the Five Times Sit-to-Stand and Six-Minute Walk tests to assess peripheral muscle strength. These tests were applied to both smoking and non-smoking groups. Results According to GLI 2012 reference values, female non-smokers exhibited significantly higher FEV1 and FEV1/FVC z-scores compared to female smokers (p<0.001 and p=0.008, respectively), whereas no significant differences were observed among males. No significant differences were found between smokers and non-smokers in peripheral muscle strength tests overall; however, gender-specific analyses revealed significant differences in some tests. Conclusion Significant differences were found in some pulmonary function tests between smoking and non-smoking university students, while no overall difference was observed in peripheral muscle strength. Gender-based subgroup analyses suggested varying effects on muscle strength and pulmonary function. Developing targeted smoking awareness programs for university students is important for public health.Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu [TUBITAK 2209-A]This study was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). The authors gratefully acknowledge TUBITAK for this support
Determination of Age- and Gender-Specific Reference Values for Different Functional Tests with or without Cognitive Dual-Task in Young Adults: An Observational Study
No full textPurpose: To determine the age-and gender-specific reference values for the five functional tests performed with or without cognitive dual-task in young adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 107 participants were divided into four subgroups based on gender and age: females 18-25 years (G1), and 26-35 years (G2), and males 18-25 years (G3), and 26-35 years (G4). Participants completed the timed up and go test (TUG), 4 meter gait speed test, 10 meter walk test (10MWT), timed 25-foot walk test, and 1 minute sit-to-stand test (1MSTS) with and without dual-tasks. The mean value of each test was recorded. Results: Significant differences were observed in some functional tests. TUG was longer in G1 compared to G2 (p=0.019), 10MWT dual-task performance differed between G1 and G3 (p=0.041), and 1MSTS and 1MSTSdual scores were higher in G3 compared to G4 (p=0.044 and p=0.035, respectively). All dual-task conditions led to decreased performance compared to single-task conditions (p<0.001) Conclusion: The dual-task added to the performance tests changes the time, speed, and number of repetitions in healthy individuals, and these effects may vary according to age and gender. These reference values can guide clinical assessments of dual-task performance in this population
In Vivo Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Myrtus Communis Against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Gastrointestinal Injury: Trod-Grog Study
No full textOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the in vivo radioprotective effects of Myrtus communis (MC) on the gastrointestinal system. METHODS: A total of 30 female rats were divided into four groups: i) Control; ii) irradiation (IR) only; iii) MC-pretreated; and iv) MC-treated. The rats received oral MC extract (100 mg/kg/day) for 4 days before exposure to 10 Gy IR or continued until sacrifice. On the fourth day of IR exposure, the rats were sacrificed, and histopathological and biochemical analyses were performed on the ileum, pancreas, and liver tissues. RESULTS: Malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels decreased in both MC-treated groups, while glutathione levels and Na+-K+-ATPase activity increased (p<0.01), with significant histopathological improvements compared to the IR-only group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that MC significantly decreases ionizing radiation-induced oxidative and inflammatory damage in the gastrointestinal systems of rats. Therefore, it may be regarded as a new candidate with radioprotective potential for future clinical application.Turkish Radiation Oncology Society [TROD-GROG-002/2022]Financial Disclosure: This study was funded by a research grant from The Turkish Radiation Oncology Society (grant no. TROD-GROG-002/2022)
