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Safety and Efficacy of Colchicine in COVID-19 Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textIbrahim, Ismail A./0000-0002-0805-8181; Wagdy, Mohamed/0009-0009-0891-3561Background: Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of gout and other autoinflammatory conditions. Several trials reported promising results of the efficacy of colchicine in Covid-19 due to its antiinflammatory properties. However, applying these results to clinical settings remains the subject of ongoing research. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of colchicine in the treatment of Covid-19. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for relevant studies. The primary outcomes were 28-day mortality, invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, and ICU admissions. The risk ratio was used to compare effectiveness between the two groups. Subgroup analysis was done for C-reactive protein and duration of hospitalization. Results: 17 randomized controlled trials with a total of 25478 patients were included. The overall Risk ratio didn't favor any of the two groups in terms of 28-day mortality (RR =1.03, 95 % CI [0.93:1.15], P = 0.58), noninvasive mechanical ventilation (RR = 0.81, 95 % CI [0.44:1.48], P = 0.49), ICU admission (RR = 0.89, 95 % CI [0.56:1.41], P = 0.62). The overall mean difference (MD) did not show statistical significance between both groups in terms of Creactive protein (CRP) (mg/dl) (MD = -1.21, 95 % CI [-2.42:0.01], P = 0.05), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (U/ L) (MD = 50.95, 95 % CI [-92.07: 193.98], Ferritin (ng/ml) (MD = 128.08, 95 % CI [51.97:204.18], P = 0.001), ICU length of stay (MD = -0.09, 95 % CI [-0.34:0.15], P = 0.45) and duration of hospitalization (MD = -0.41, 95 % CI [-1.56:0.73], P = 0.48). Conclusion: In Covid-19 treatment, colchicine didn't result in significant benefits in terms of clinical outcomes. More large-scale randomized clinical trials with standardized dosages and long-term follow-up are needed for further investigation into the colchicine effect
Comparison of HLA-G Levels for Cord Blood Derived-MSC and Wharton's Jelly Derived-MSC
No full textObjectives: A special group of stem cells with multipotent and immunomodulatory properties are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Many modulatory factors are thought to mediate immunomodulatory properties of MSCs. One of these modulatory factors is thought to be HLA-G, one of human leukocyte antigens (HLA). This study aimed to compare HLA-G levels in both stimulated and unstimulated of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures with "cord blood-MSC" (CB-MSC) and "Wharton's jelly-MSC" (WJ-MSC) at different rates and different incubation periods. Methods: WJ-MSCs were obtained by explant method, and CB-MSCs using Ficoll-paque. They were characterized by flow cytometry. MSCs and PBMCs were directly co-cultured for 24 and 72 h at 1:5 and 1:10, respectively. After incubations, the media were collected and HLA-G levels were measured by ELISA. Results: In the unstimulated group, the highest HLA-G level was found in the PBMC:WJ-MSC-72-1:5 group, while the lowest HLA-G level was found in the PBMC:CB-MSC-72-1:5. When 24-1:5 and 72-1:5 groups were examined, the HLA-G level decreased significantly in CB-MSC groups compared to WJ-MSC, while it increased significantly in the 24-1:10 and 72-1:10 groups (p<0.05). In stimulated groups, the highest HLA-G level was observed in the PBMC:CB-MSC-24-1:5. Conclusions: Our study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs via HLA-G molecule. HLA-G levels changed with different incubation times of two different MSC sources. In this study, we suggest that MSCs as a cell therapy, in particular for immune system-related disease, may be a preliminary in vitro approach to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect via HLA-G.The authors would like to thank all volunteers who participated to the study and all staffs from Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics and Neonatology at Istanbul Faculty of Medicine
Operating Room Nurses' Attitudes Toward Patient Safety and Attitudes Toward Preventing Pressure Injuries: Descriptive and Regression Analysis
No full textPurpose This study was conducted to determine the relationship between patient safety attitudes of operating room nurses and their attitudes toward the prevention of pressure injuries. Design The study is a descriptive regression study. Methods The study data were collected from 102 nurses working in the operating room of a private hospital between September 2 and October 10, 2024. The sample size, which was known before the study, was determined by power analysis. Data were collected using a personal information form, a patient safety attitude scale, and a pressure ulcer prevention attitude scale. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) were used to analyze the data. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare groups. The correlational relationship between the patient safety attitude scale and the pressure injury prevention attitude scale was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. The predictors of all subdimensions of the nurses' attitudes toward pressure injury prevention scale were evaluated by stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Findings The mean age of the operating room nurses (56.9%) who participated in the study was between 20 and 30 years, 63.7% were female, 77.5% had a bachelor's degree, 39.2% had worked for less than 5 years, and 92.2% were scrub nurses. A high school education and less than 5 years of experience were found to be negative predictors of attitudes toward pressure injury prevention. Working conditions, job satisfaction, and teamwork subdimensions of the patient safety attitude scale were found to be significant predictors of attitudes toward pressure injury prevention. Conclusions The findings of the study revealed that operating room nurses' attitudes toward patient safety and the prevention of pressure injuries were significantly related to variables such as educational level, professional experience, job satisfaction, teamwork, and safety climate. © 2025 The American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses
Post-Truth Populism as an Emerging Electoral Strategy: The Case of Turkey's 2023 Elections
No full textThis article develops a new theoretical framework to explain how right-wing populist incumbents mobilise electoral support in competitive authoritarian regimes. It argues that post-truth populism, defined as the strategic fusion of securitised discourse and emotionally charged identity appeals with epistemic manipulation, enables populist leaders to shape the political battlefield through affective and symbolic narratives rather than policy content. Drawing on discourse analysis of President Recep Tayyip Erdo & gbreve;an's 2023 campaign in Turkey, the article shows how the ruling coalition reframed the elections as an existential struggle against internal and external enemies while simultaneously offering emotionally resonant promises of national revival. Rather than focus solely on institutional advantages or voter grievances, this study foregrounds the discursive agency of populist leaders and their ability to manufacture fear, pride and loyalty. By analysing how Erdo & gbreve;an's campaign displaced economic accountability with emotionally saturated, post-factual narratives, the article contributes to literatures on populism, post-truth politics and securitisation. It argues that the convergence of post-truth politics and populist securitisation forms a powerful mechanism for authoritarian endurance in hybrid regimes, transforming elections into moralised referenda on identity and national survival
Preclinical Applications of Lentiviral Gene Therapy in X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA)
No full textEvaluating the Potential Role of Ai Chatbots in Designing Personalized Exercise Programs for Weight Management
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and potential use of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots in developing personalized exercise programs for weight management. Exercise programs were developed by ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-4o, Gemini-1.5 Pro models, and a group of human expert trainers for a hypothetical obese individual case. All exercise programs were assessed based on the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) guidelines. The chatbot-generated programs were consistent with ACSM and NASM standards, indicating their potential use in low-resource settings. Nevertheless, considerable differences were found between human trainers and chatbots in key parameters, including initial load and target heart rate zone recommendations. While AI chatbots have the potential to enhance accessibility, human expertise remains essential to ensure program safety and effectiveness. The results of this study provide insights into the potential role of AI chatbots in personalized exercise programs for weight management.Science Citation Index Expanded - Social Science Citation Inde
Inter-Rater Reliability in the Assessment of Consciousness in Patients Receiving Palliative Care in Intensive Care: A Prospective Cross Sectional Observational Study
No full textYildirim, Dilek/0000-0002-6228-0007; Sezer, Esra/0000-0002-5310-2575; Kugu, Emre/0000-0002-9345-4727; Kavala, Arzu/0000-0001-8817-0511BackgroundThe Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is one of the methods that has validity for evaluating the consciousness levels of patients in the literature and is accepted by health authorities.AimThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of GCS in intensive care patients receiving palliative care.Study DesignA prospective cross sectional observational study. The study was conducted in a general intensive care unit with 20 beds with patients receiving palliative care. In the unit, 18 nurses worked in two shifts, day and night. Each patient's primary palliative care nurse and two additional researchers were given one minute to independently record the patient's GCS total and subscale scores. All observations were completed within 5 min as there could be significant changes in the patient's GCS score during observations.ResultsA total of 258 assessments were completed. For the GCS total scoring, a moderate agreement was found between palliative care nurses and the first researcher-observer (49.0%) and also between palliative care nurses and the second researcher-observer (47.7%). In addition, there was a substantial agreement between the first and second researchers (78.9%) and also between all observers (61.5%) (all p = .001).ConclusionsAlthough there was a near-perfect agreement between the two researcher-observers, we found only moderate agreement among all observers (palliative care nurses and two researcher-observers) in the evaluation of GCS total and subscale scores.Relevance to Clinical PracticeWe found that lack of knowledge and training on the standardized use of GCS is still a problem for palliative and intensive care units. Because of the diversity of patients requiring GCS assessment in palliative care units, refresher training programs and hands-on workshops on consciousness assessment should be organized regularly for more experienced nurses
Unraveling Hepatic Consequences of Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Catch-Up Growth: Insights From Histological, Biochemical and Metabolomic in Rats
No full textIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is increasingly recognized as a significant risk factor for metabolic disorders in adulthood. Employing a multi-faceted approach encompassing histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, Western-blotting, and metabolomics analyses, this study aimed to elucidate potential metabolite markers of IUGR, and catch-up growth-related metabolic disturbances and the underlying metabolic pathways implicated in IUGR pathogenesis. This study cohort comprised 54 male siblings from 20 Sprague-Dawley female young rats. On the 19th day of gestation, half of the pregnant rats underwent bilateral uterine artery ligation, while the remaining half underwent a simulated surgical intervention involving solely peritoneal incisions. Blood and liver samples were collected from the pups after attaining catch-up growth at the postnatal weeks 2, 4, and 8. IUGR rats exhibited a spectrum of changes including histological abnormalities, altered apoptosis rates, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Metabolomic analysis revealed dysregulation in multiple metabolic pathways encompassing galactose, propanoate, glycerolipid, cysteine, methionine, and tyrosine metabolism, among others. Notably, disturbances were observed in butanoate, glutathione metabolism, as well as glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Our metabolomics analysis provides insights into the potential disease susceptibility of individuals born with IUGR, including obesity, diabetes, heart failure, cancer, mental retardation, kidney and liver diseases, and cataracts. These findings underscore the intricate interplay between intrauterine conditions and long-term metabolic health outcomes, highlighting the need for further investigation into preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating the risk of metabolic diseases in individuals with a history of IUGR.Science Citation Index Expande
Comparison of Total Antioxidant Capacities and Phenolic Constituents of Grapes Cultivated in Turkey for Wine Production
No full textGrapes are renowned for their health-promoting properties due to polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins in red grapes and flavonols in white grapes. This study evaluated the total antioxidant capacities (TAC) of specific grape varieties (Sultaniye, Chardonnay, Shiraz, Carignan, Alicante Bouschet, and Merlot) using the CUPRAC (CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity) and ABTS/HRP (2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)/horseradish peroxidase) methods. Additionally, total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents were determined via Folin Ciocalteu, AlCl3/NaNO2, and pH differential methods. Primary phenolic compounds were identified with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array (HPLC-PDA). TAC values of the grape juices (mmol Trolox L−1) ranked as Alicante > Shiraz > Sultaniye > Carignan > Merlot > Chardonnay by CUPRAC, and Shiraz > Alicante > Merlot > Carignan ≥ Sultaniye > Chardonnay by ABTS/HRP and for skin extracts (mmol Trolox g−1), Carignan > Alicante > Shiraz > Merlot > Chardonnay > Sultaniye by CUPRAC, and Carignan > Shiraz > Alicante > Merlot > Chardonnay > Sultaniye by ABTS/HRP. The study demonstrated a strong correlation between phenolic composition and TAC values in grape samples, with anthocyanins as the predominant family contributing significantly to TAC. Varietal and intra-fruit differences in specific phenolic compounds were found to account for variations in observed TAC levels. Specifically, grape skin samples showed a more robust correlation between antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content (r = 0.986) than grape juices (r = 0.777). These findings underscore the considerable variation in antioxidant potential among grape varieties and emphasize the critical role of phenolic composition in the health-related benefits of grape consumption. © 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Institute of Science; Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, FBE; Istanbul Üniversitesi, (10184); Istanbul ÜniversitesiScience Citation Index Expande
Collagen Peptides and Saccharomyces Boulardii Cncm I-745 Attenuate Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats by Modulating Inflammation and Barrier Permeability
No full textGelenli Dolanbay, Elif/0000-0002-7553-5435Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation and tissue damage, with limited treatment options. This study aimed to investigate the effects of collagen peptides and Saccharomyces boulardii on acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: normal control (NC), colitis control (CC), collagen peptide (CP; 0.6 g/kg/day), and S. boulardii (SB; 250 mg/day). Colitis was induced by an intrarectal administration of AA in all groups except NC, and treatments were administered daily for 7 days. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by assessing the disease activity index (DAI), colon mass index, macroscopic and microscopic tissue damage, histopathological changes, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 protein expression, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The results showed that CP and SB treatments substantially alleviated DAI scores (p < 0.05) and reduced the colon mass index. Colon macroscopic and microscopic damages improved compared to the CC group (p < 0.01). Histologically, both treatments reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, crypt damage, and ulceration, with CP showing a slightly more pronounced effect. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significant restoration of ZO-1 protein expression in the treated groups, indicating improvement in intestinal barrier integrity (p < 0.01). Furthermore, MPO activity was reduced in both CP and SB groups, significantly in the SB group (p < 0.01). These findings are consistent with previous studies that highlight the anti-inflammatory and barrier-enhancing effects of collagen peptides and probiotics in UC models.This study was supported by Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University (project number: 2022/01-08).The authors would like to thank Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University.Science Citation Index Expande