Atılım Academic Archive (Atılım University)
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Comparison of the Escape Room and Storytelling Methods in Learning the Stress Response: a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
No full textAim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Escape Room and Storytelling methods on nursing students' learning about the topic of stress response. Background: It is recommended that new generations be trained using innovative teaching methods that differ from traditional teaching methods. The Escape Room and Storytelling methods are among the techniques that have been used and recommended for this purpose. Design: The study was conducted with a randomized, controlled design. Methods: Thirty-five (n = 35) second-year undergraduate nursing students were randomly divided into two groups, one group was trained on stress response using the Escape Room method, while the other group was trained using the Storytelling method. Focus-group interviews were conducted with the students after the interventions. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of the median post-intervention knowledge assessment score. It was determined that the students in the Escape Room group scored significantly higher than those in the Storytelling group (p < 0.05) Conclusions: The use of these methods, which ensure the active participation of students and increase their motivation, effectively contributes to meeting the educational needs of students and increases their level of satisfaction.Science Citation Index Expanded - Social Science Citation Inde
Universality and Non-Embeddability Into Banach Spaces of Subspaces of the Real Line With the Gromov-Hausdorff Distance
No full textThe paper aims to prove two universality results which can be used to simplify some of the available proofs of non-embeddability results for the Gromov-Hausdorff metrics.National Science Foundation [NSF DMS-1953773]; National Science FoundationThe second-named author gratefully acknowledges the support by the National Science Foundation grant NSF DMS-1953773. The authors express their sincere gratitude to the anonymous referees for their valuable comments and suggestions, all of which helped us to improve the paper.Science Citation Index Expande
Nomadic Subjects in Greek Myths Reimagined in Contemporary British Novels: Jennifer Saint's Ariadne, Pat Barker's The Silence of the Girls, Natalie Haynes' Stone Blind
No full textBu tez, Jennifer Saint'in Ariadne, Pat Barker'ın Kızların Sessizliği ve Natalie Haynes'ın Stone Blind adlı romanlarında yer alan mitolojik kadın figürlerinin geçirdiği oluş süreçlerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Saint, Barker ve Haynes'in eserlerinde Yunan mitolojisinin kadın figürlerini yeniden hayal ederek varlık ontolojisini yersizyurtsuzlaştıran ve kadınlara dayatılan sınırları aşan bir oluş ontolojisini öne çıkaran alternatif bir varlık alanı yarattıklarını öne sürer. Bu bağlamda, çalışma yazarların arketipleri sabit ve özcü figürler olarak değil, insan ve insan olmayan güçlerle ilişkisel karşılaşmalar aracılığıyla sürekli dönüşen dinamik, göçebe özneler olarak yeniden yapılandırdıklarını savunur. Bu yeniden kurgulamalar, klasik anlatılara içkin hiyerarşik ontolojiyi sarsmakta ve bunu yerine dönüşüm, ilişkisellik ve akışkanlığa dayanan bir oluş etiğini benimsemektedir. Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari ve Rosi Braidotti'nin oluş ontolojisini esas alarak, bu tez Ariadne, Kızların Sessizliği ve Stone Blind adlı romanlardaki mitolojik figürlerin oluş süreçlerini, şizofreni, kaçış çizgileri, çizgili ve pürüzsüz alan, organsız beden ve göçebe özne gibi kavramlar çerçevesinde ele almaktadır. Bu kavramlar ışığında romanlara yapılan yakın okuma seçilen romanlardaki kadın arketiplerin, varlık ontolojisini sürdüren yakalama aygıtlarını radikal bir biçimde yersizyurtsuzlaştırdığını ve böylece öznelliğin durağan, özcü ve hiyerarşik yapılarını parçaladığını ortaya koyar. İnsan ve insan dışı güçlerle ilişkisel karşılaşmalar yoluyla, bu arketipler, öznelliğin sabit koordinatlarının çözüldüğü, oluş ontolojisinin ve göçebe öznellik biçimlerinin ortaya çıktığı pürüzsüz alanlara geçişi mümkün kılan kaçış çizgilerini etkinleştirirler. Bu ontolojik dönüşüm içinde, yeniden yorumlanan arketipler sabit sembolik varlıklar olarak işlev görmeyi bırakır ve bunun yerine özcü ve hiyerarşik paradigmaların ötesinde dinamik, ilişkisel ve dönüştürücü eylemliliği ön plana çıkaran göçebe öznellikler olarak yeniden yapılandırılırlar. Anahtar Sözcükler: oluş ontolojisi, göçebe öznellik, Deleuze, Guattari, Braidotti, Ariadne, Kızların Sessizliği, Stone BlindThis dissertation aims to discuss the processes of becoming undergone by the mythical female figures in Jennifer Saint's Ariadne, Pat Barker's The Silence of the Girls, and Natalie Haynes' Stone Blind. It claims that by reimagining the female figures of Greek mythology in their novels, Saint, Barker, and Haynes create an alternative ontological space that effectuates deterritorialization of the ontology of being and foregrounds an ontology of becoming that exceeds the limits imposed upon women. In this sense, it argues that the novelists reconfigure the archetypes not as fixed, essentialist figures but as dynamic, nomadic subjects whose identities are constantly transformed through relational encounters with human and non-human forces. These reimaginings destabilize the hierarchical ontology embedded in classical narratives and instead embrace an ethics of becoming rooted in transformation, relationality, and fluidity. Drawing on Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, and Rosi Braidotti's ontology of becoming, this dissertation discusses the processes of becoming of mythical figures in Ariadne, The Silence of the Girls, and Stone Blind against the backdrop of the concepts like schizophrenia, lines of flight, striated/smooth space, body without organs, and nomadic subjectivity. In the light of these concepts, a close reading of the novels reveals that the female archetypes in the selected novels enact a radical deterritorialization of the apparatuses of capture that uphold the ontology of being, thereby dismantling static, essentialist, and hierarchical constructions of subjectivity. Through relational encounters with human and non-human forces, these archetypes activate lines of flight that facilitate a transition into smooth spaces, wherein the fixed coordinates of subjectivity are dissolved, an ontology of becoming is foregrounded, and nomadic modes of subjectivity emerge. Within this ontological transformation, the reimagined archetypes cease to operate as fixed symbolic entities and are instead reconfigured as nomadic subjectivities, foregrounding dynamic, relational, and transformative agency beyond essentialist and hierarchical paradigms. Keywords: ontology of becoming, nomadic subjectivity, Deleuze, Guattari, Braidotti, Ariadne, The Silence of Girls, Stone Blin
Rehabilitation in Neuromuscular Diseases: Best Turkish Practice Recommendations by Multidisciplinary Experts
No full textBackground and aim:Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases including motor neurone diseases (MND), muscle diseases (MD), neuropathies and neuromuscular junction diseases (NMJD). NMDs are characterized by a wide range of symptoms and findings, depending on different underlying issues. Therefore, the literature includes specific management and/or rehabilitation recommendations for each subgroup and even for some diseases within these subgroups. Currently, neither in our country nor globally is there a comprehensive recommendation study that thoroughly addresses all aspects of NMD rehabilitation developed by experienced and specialized multidisciplinary experts in the field.Materials and methodsThe recommendations in this paper have been created by a multidisciplinary team for all patients without age limitation under the headings of peripheral neuropathy/polyneuropathy, MND, MD and NMJD using the seven-step and 3 round modified Delphi method via e-mail. The strength of agreements (SOA) was calculated for each item (recommendation) using percentages (response of between 8 and 10%), median values, and interquartile range with Kappa method.ResultsThe opinions of the experts were analysed according to the 3-round modified Delphi method, and a list of 110 items of recommendations for patients with NMDs of all ages was prepared in as much detail as possible to shed light on almost all questions and problems that may be encountered in clinical practice. There were 5 recommendations in the general management subsection, 20 recommendations in the rehabilitation indications subsection, 8 recommendations in the rehabilitation contraindications section, and 77 recommendations in the rehabilitation section (general principles 7 recommendations, modalities 13 recommendations, exercise characteristics 57 recommendations).ConclusionWe think that this study will be a light for physicians dealing with this patient group in clinical practice, as it includes fine details up to exercise prescriptions
Mitigating Student Cynicism for Sustainable Academic Performance: University Identification and Academic Self-Efficacy
No full textThis study explores the complex relationships among student cynicism, student–university identification, academic self-efficacy, and academic performance within the context of Turkish higher education. Drawing on social identity and social cognitive theories, student cynicism is examined through four dimensions: academic, policy-related, institutional, and social. Survey data were collected from 630 university students in Ankara, Türkiye, using a cross-sectional design and self-reported measures. The results indicate that institutional cynicism is the strongest negative predictor of student–university identification, while academic cynicism shows a curvilinear (U-shaped) relationship with academic performance, suggesting that extreme cynicism may paradoxically be linked to modest performance rebounds. Contrary to expectations, student–university identification does not significantly predict academic performance, nor does it mediate the relationship between cynicism and performance. However, academic self-efficacy moderates the relationship between identification and performance, amplifying the benefits of identification for students with higher levels of self-efficacy. These findings offer culturally grounded insights into student disengagement and highlight the importance of fostering trust, transparency, and self-efficacy to support student well-being and academic resilience, key elements in advancing Sustainable Development Goals 4 (Quality Education) and 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). © 2025 by the authors
Classification of Resilience of Turkish Health System to Extraordinary Health Crises at Provincial Level
No full textThis study aimed to classify the provincial-level resilience of the Turkish health system using K-Means and Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) clustering methods, utilizing data from the Ministry of Health's 2022 Health Statistics Yearbook. Prior to clustering analysis, the 15 variables used to assess health system resilience were reduced to 9 through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Clustering analyses were subsequently performed on these remaining variables using the PAM and K-Means methods. The health systems of 81 provinces were classified into 3 distinct clusters based on their resilience. The PAM method was found to yield more optimal results compared to the K-Means method. According to the PAM method, provinces assigned to Cluster 3 demonstrated superior health system resilience compared to those in the other clusters. Based on the average values of the variables, the clusters were ranked in descending order of resilience: Cluster 3, Cluster 2, and Cluster 1. Significant disparities were observed both between and within clusters, primarily attributed to the uneven distribution of resources relative to population. Therefore, it is recommended that health system capacity be strengthened, using the highest-performing cluster as a benchmark. This approach can facilitate the construction of a more resilient and equitable provincial health system regarding service delivery supply, ultimately contributing to the establishment of a stronger national health system built upon strengthened provincial foundations
The Impact of the 1961 Constitution on the Development of Turkish Social Realist Cinema
No full text27 Mayıs 1960 askeri darbesi sonrasında ilan edilen ve 1961 yılında yürürlüğe giren Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasası, yalnızca bir siyasal rejim değişikliğini değil, aynı zamanda bireysel hak ve özgürlüklerin genişletilmesini, kuvvetler ayrılığı ilkesinin güçlendirilmesini ve sosyal devlet anlayışının anayasal zemine taşınmasını ifade eden tarihsel bir kırılma noktasıdır. Türk sineması, bu dönemde yalnızca sayısal üretimde değil, toplumsal içerik ve estetik nitelik bakımından da dikkate değer bir dönüşüm yaşamış; 'Altın Yıllar' olarak tanımlanan bu süreçte sinema, toplumsal adaletsizlik, sınıfsal eşitsizlik, kadın hakları, göç ve kentleşme gibi yapısal sorunları gündeme taşıyan eleştirel bir mecraya dönüşmüştür. 1961 Anayasası'nın bireysel özgürlükleri, düşünce ve ifade özgürlüğünü, basın özerkliğini ve sendikal hakları güvence altına alması, kültürel üretim ortamını da doğrudan etkilemiş; sinemacılar, toplumsal meseleleri daha cesur ve doğrudan biçimde beyazperdeye taşıyabilmiştir. Bu araştırma, Metin Erksan, Lütfi Ö. Akad, Halit Refiğ, Ertem Göreç ve Duygu Sağıroğlu gibi öncü yönetmenlerin filmleri üzerinden bu anayasal etkileri görünür kılmayı hedeflemiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemine dayalı olarak betimsel film analizi, tematik içerik çözümlemesi ve ideolojik okuma teknikleri kullanılmış; Stuart Hall'un temsil teorisi, Althusser'in ideoloji ve aygıt kuramı, Gramsci'nin hegemonya kavramı ve Foucault'nun mekân politikaları kuramsal çerçeve olarak benimsenmiştir. Bulgular, sinemanın yalnızca estetik bir alan değil, aynı zamanda hukuki ve toplumsal bir tanıklık sahası olduğunu göstermektedir. Susuz Yaz, Yılanların Öcü, Hudutların Kanunu, Otobüs Yolcuları ve Karanlıkta Uyananlar gibi filmler, 1961 Anayasası'nın vaat ettiği hakların taşrada, sınırda ve kentte ne ölçüde uygulanabildiğini sorgulayan güçlü anlatılarla Türkiye'de hukuk ile kültür arasındaki bağı sinemasal bir hafızaya dönüştürmüştür.The Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, which was proclaimed following the military coup of May 27, 1960 and came into force in 1961, represents a historical turning point not only in terms of a political regime change but also in the expansion of individual rights and freedoms, the strengthening of the principle of separation of powers, and the institutionalization of the social state concept within a constitutional framework. During this period, Turkish cinema underwent a significant transformation not only in terms of quantitative output but also in terms of social content and aesthetic quality. In what is often referred to as its 'Golden Years,' cinema became a critical medium that brought structural issues such as social injustice, class inequality, women's rights, migration, and urbanization to the forefront. The 1961 Constitution, by securing individual freedoms, freedom of thought and expression, press autonomy, and trade union rights, had a direct impact on the cultural production environment. This enabled filmmakers to portray social issues on the big screen in a more direct and courageous manner. This study aims to make visible the constitutional influences on Turkish cinema through the works of pioneering directors such as Metin Erksan, Lütfi Ö. Akad, Halit Refiğ, Ertem Göreç, and Duygu Sağıroğlu. Based on qualitative research methodology, the study utilizes descriptive film analysis, thematic content analysis, and ideological reading techniques. The theoretical framework incorporates Stuart Hall's theory of representation, Althusser's theory of ideology and apparatuses, Gramsci's concept of hegemony, and Foucault's theory of spatial politics. The findings reveal that cinema is not merely an aesthetic field but also a site of legal and social testimony. Films such as Susuz Yaz (Dry Summer), Yılanların Öcü (Revenge of the Snakes), Hudutların Kanunu (Law of the Border), Otobüs Yolcuları (Bus Passengers), and Karanlıkta Uyananlar (Those Who Awaken in the Darkness) question the extent to which the rights promised by the 1961 Constitution were realized in rural, borderland, and urban settings, thereby transforming the relationship between law and culture into a cinematic memory in Turkey
The Impact of Arms Imports and Exports on Economic Growth: The Case of Turkey
No full textBu çalışma, Türkiye'nin silah ithalatı ve ihracatı ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki uzun ve kısa dönemli ilişkileri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. 2004 ve 2023 yılları arasında çeyrek dönemlik verilerle yapılan analizlerde, söz konusu değişkenler arasındaki uzun dönem eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığı Johansen eşbütünleşme testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, söz konusu değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir denge ilişkisinin varlığına işaret etmektedir. Uzun dönemli etkileşimlerin ortaya konulabilmesi amacıyla oluşturulan vektör hata düzeltme modeli kapsamında yapılan analizlerde, kısa dönemli etkilerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Uzun dönem analiz sonuçları, özellikle silah ithalatının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna karşılık, silah ihracatının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin bulunmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Hata düzeltme modeli sonuçları, reel GSYH'nin denge seviyesinden sapması durumunda zamanla bu dengeye yeniden döndüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. Bu durum, Türkiye ekonomisinin uzun dönemde içsel dengelerini koruma eğiliminde olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırma bulguları, savunma sanayi politikalarının yönlendirilmesi açısından önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır. Özellikle silah ithalatının ekonomik büyümeyi olumsuz etkileyebileceği gerçeğinden hareketle, ithalat kalemlerinin niteliği detaylı biçimde analiz edilmelidir. Savunma sanayiinde yerli üretimin artırılması, ithalata olan bağımlılığın azaltılması ve düşük katma değerli ürünlerin yerli muadilleriyle ikamesi yönünde atılacak adımlar, sürdürülebilir büyüme hedefleri açısından önem arz etmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Silah Ticareti, Ekonomik Büyüme, Johansen Eşbütünleşme Testi, Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli, Türkiye Ekonomisi.This study aims to examine the long- and short-term relationships between Turkey's arms imports and exports and economic growth. In analyses using quarterly data between 2004 and 2023, the existence of a long-term cointegration relationship between these variables was assessed using the Johansen cointegration test. The findings indicate the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between these variables. Analyses conducted within the scope of the vector error correction model, designed to reveal long-term interactions, concluded that the short-term effects were not statistically significant. Long-term analysis results indicate that arms imports, in particular, have a negative impact on economic growth. In contrast, arms exports are observed to have no significant impact on economic growth. Error correction model results reveal that if real GDP deviates from its equilibrium level, it returns to this equilibrium over time. This suggests that the Turkish economy tends to maintain its internal balance in the long run. The research findings offer important insights into the direction of defense industry policies. Given the potential negative impact of arms imports on economic growth, the nature of imported items should be analyzed in detail. Increasing domestic production in the defense industry, reducing import dependency, and substituting low-value-added products with domestic equivalents are crucial for sustainable growth goals. Keywords: Arms Trade, Economic Growth, Johansen Cointegration Test, Vector Error Correction Model, Turkish Economy
Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Kateterle İlişkili İdrar Yolu Enfeksiyon Oranlarına Yapılandırmacı Eğitimin Etkisi
No full textObjective: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are common healthcare-associated infections. Constructivist training is based on integrating new knowledge with previously learned knowledge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of constructivist training on the rate of CA-UTIs in the Anesthesia and Reanimation Intensive Care Units (ARICU). Methods: This study was a retrospective-prospective intervention study. Over the period of one month, a total of 62 healthcare staff (seven doctors, 38 nurses, and 17 cleaning staff) working in ARICUs were organized into groups of 4-5 people and received forty-five minutes of constructivist training on preventing CA-UTI. Personnel from each of three ICUs participated in the same number of training sessions. Comparisons were made of the rates of CA-UTI and catheter use in the six-month periods before and after the training. A 4-item questionnaire was administered to the study participants six months after completion of the training. Results: The catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates before and after training were observed to be 8.3 and 8.7 per 1000 catheter days, respectively in ARICU-1, 7.0 and 8.1 per 1000 catheter days in ARICU-2, and 7.3 and 9.9 per 1000 catheter days in ARICU-3. No statistically significant difference was observed in the CA-UTI rate in each unit after constructivist training compared to the pre-training period. The intervention of constructivist training alone did not reduce the CA-UTI rates in the ICUs. According to the results of the survey conducted six months later, 92% of the nurses and 88% of the cleaning staff stated that constructivist training had positive effects. Conclusion: The intervention of constructivisit training alone did not reduce the rates of CA-UTIs in the ARICUs, but an increase was observed in the awareness of ICU nurses and cleaning staff. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Modelling of Boron Nitride Coatings Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
No full textBor nitrür (BN), yüksek ısıl iletkenlik, düşük sürtünme katsayısı ve yüksek sertlik gibi mükemmel özelliklere sahip bir seramik malzemedir. Ancak, BN kaplamalarının Fiziksel Buhar Biriktirme (FBB) süreci ile Magnetron Saçtırma (MS) tekniği kullanılarak uygulanması, süreç parametreleri ile kaplama özellikleri arasındaki karmaşık etkileşimler nedeniyle zorludur. Bu tez, altı gelişmiş makine öğrenmesi tekniğinden yararlanan Yapay Zeka (YZ) tabanlı bir çerçeve kullanılarak BN kaplama sürecinin modellenmesi ve optimizasyonuna yönelik yenilikçi bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır. Çelik numuneler, farklı kaplama parametreleri ile kaplanmış ve yüksek hassasiyetli ekipmanlarla karakterize edilmiştir. Verileri tanıyabilmek amacıyla, keşifsel veri analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üç farklı kaplama özelliğini tahmin etmek üzere altı farklı mimari kullanılarak makine öğrenmesi modelleri geliştirilmiş ve regresyon değerlendirme metrikleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Son olarak, en başarılı modeller, yeni veri setleri üzerinde tahminlerde bulunmak amacıyla kullanılmış ve sonuçlar görselleştirilmiştir. YZ tabanlı yaklaşım, karar verme süresini azaltarak istenilen özelliklere göre en uygun parametrelerinin belirlenmesini sağlamaktadır.Boron nitride (BN) is a ceramic material with excellent properties, such as high thermal conductivity, a low coefficient of friction and high hardness. However, applying BN coatings using the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) process with the Magnetron Sputtering (MS) technique presents challenges due to the complex interactions between process parameters and coating characteristics. This thesis presents a novel approach to model and optimise the BN coating process by utilising an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based framework that harnesses six advanced Machine Learning (ML) techniques. Steel samples are coated with varying process parameters and characterised using high-precision equipment. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is conducted to better understand the data. ML models are built using six different architectures and are compared using regression evaluation metrics to predict three coating characteristics. Finally, the best models are used to make predictions on newly created experimental datasets and the results are visualised. The AI-based approach helps reduce decision-making time by identifying the optimal coating parameters based on the desired coating characteristics