Atılım Academic Archive (Atılım University)
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A Novel Technique- Subendometrial Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma Injection in Patients With Unresponsive Thin Endometrium Undergoing Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer: a Prospective Cohort Study
No full textBackground The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of subendometrial PRP injection on endometrial thickness and pregnancy outcomes in patients with a history of unresponsive thin endometrium undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET). Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted at Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University-Istanbul, Turkey. Women with a history of suboptimal endometrial proliferation (< 7 mm) were offered to participate in the study. Group 1 consisted of 100 individuals who consented to subendometrial PRP injection, while Group 2 consisted of 100 individuals who did not accept PRP injection. Within ten days of the menstrual cycle ending, autologous PRP was produced by centrifuging peripheral blood and administered transvaginally into the subendometrial region under ultrasound monitoring. After the PRP procedure, 14 days of oral estradiol supplementation were started as part of the hormonal treatment on the 2-4th day of the second menstrual cycle. Women determined to have adequate endometrial thickness following the initiation were scheduled for embryo transfers. Embryo transfer was scheduled for women who were found to have adequate endometrial thickness after the initiation of progesterone. Pregnancy (positive serum hCG) and livebirth rates were followed. Results A total of 200 women (age 36.4 +/- 5.8) were included in the study. Endometrial thickness increased after PRP therapy as compared to the control group (7.7 +/- 1.9 mm vs. 6.1 +/- 1.2 mm; p < 0.01). Three women (3.0%) in the PRP group conceived spontaneously, whereas 97 women (97.0%) attempted FET; no spontaneous pregnancies occurred in the control group. Compared to 75/100 (75% of the total) in the control group, 33/97 women (34.0%) in the PRP group were unable to undertake ET because of persistently unresponsive thin endometrium or fluid in the endometrial cavity (p < 0.001). The PRP group had a considerably higher percentage of positive serum hCG tests than the control group (25.8% vs. 9.0%; p = 0.002). Additionally, the PRP group had a higher clinical pregnancy rate (22.7% vs. 7.0%; p = 0.002). The live birth rate was significantly higher in the PRP group than the controls (17.5% vs. 2.0%; p < 0.001). Conclusions In women with a history of suboptimal endometrial development, subendometrial PRP injection was associated with improved endometrial thickness and livebirth rate.Science Citation Index Expande
İki-Boyutlu ve Üç-Boyutlu Hücre Kültür Modellerinde Güncel Gelişmeler ve Uygulamalar
No full textHücre kültür modelleri, temel ve uygulamalı biyomedikal araştırmalarda kritik bir araç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Geleneksel 2-boyutlu (2B) hücre kültür sistemleri, basitlikleri ve kolay uygulanabilirlikleri nedeniyle uzun yıllardır tercih edilmekle birlikte, hücrelerin doğal mikroçevrelerini yeterince taklit edememesi nedeniyle bazı sınırlamalara sahiptir. Bu eksikliklerin giderilmesi amacıyla geliştirilen 3-boyutlu (3B) hücre kültür modelleri, hücre-hücre ve hücre-matriks etkileşimlerini daha iyi yansıtarak biyolojik süreçlerin daha doğru bir şekilde modellenmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Özellikle mikroakışkan tabanlı sistemler, organoidler ve biyomalzemelerle zenginleştirilmiş 3B platformlar, kanser araştırmalarından doku mühendisliğine kadar geniş bir yelpazede yenilikçi uygulamalara kapı aralamıştır. Bu derleme, 2B ve 3B hücre kültür modellerinin tarihsel gelişimini, avantaj ve dezavantajlarını, güncel uygulamalarını ve biyomedikal araştırmalardaki gelecekteki potansiyellerini ele almaktadır. Ayrıca, dinamik ve manyetik hücre kültürü gibi ileri teknolojilerin 3B modeller üzerindeki etkileri tartışılarak, bu alandaki yenilikçi yaklaşımlar için bir perspektif sunulmaktadır
The Reliability of Youtube as an Information Resource for Parents About Retinopathy of Prematurity
No full textPurpose: To investigate the quality and reliability of YouTube videos about retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) to direct parents of infants with the disease to access more accurate content. Methods: The term “retinopathy of prematurity” has been searched on YouTube containing all of the videos between January 2 and February 2, 2024. The first 200 videos were evaluated by two ophthalmologists. Duplicated-split videos, videos shorter than 60 seconds, videos presented in languages other than English or with an incomprehensible accent, and videos unrelated to ROP were excluded. Video uploaders, types, continental origins, durations, and viewer interactions were noted. DISCERN, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), and the Global Quality Score (GQS) scoring systems were used to evaluate the quality of the videos. Results: The mean quality of all videos was poor in all scoring systems. Academic societies and medical institutes scored highest in video uploaders, followed by physicians; patient experience videos had the lowest quality. Of the video types, the medical education seminars were of the highest quality. Although a strong positive correlation was detected between video duration and video quality, this same strong correlation was not observed between viewer interactions and video quality. There was no significant difference between video origins in terms of video quality. Conclusions: It would be wiser to direct the parents of patients with ROP to watch longer videos uploaded by the academic community, medical institute, or physicians, and to watch the medical training seminars. Also, it might be important to warn them not to take user interactions too seriously. © SLACK Incorporated
Afthd: Bayesian Accelerated Failure Time Model for High-Dimensional Time-To Data
No full textAnalyzing high-dimensional (HD) data with time-to-event outcomes poses a formidable challenge. The accelerated failure time (AFT) model, an alternative to the Cox proportional hazard model in survival analysis, lacks sufficient R packages for HD time-to-event data under the Bayesian paradigm. To address this gap, we develop the R package afthd. This tool facilitates advanced AFT modeling, offering Bayesian analysis for univariate and multivariable scenarios. This work includes diagnostic plots and an open-source R code for working with HD data, extending the conventional AFT model to the Bayesian framework of log-normal, Weibull, and log-logistic AFT models. The methodology is rigorously validated through simulation techniques, yielding consistent results across parametric AFT models. The application part is also performed on two different real HD liver cancer datasets, which reveals the proposed method's significance by obtaining inferences for survival estimates for the disease. Our developed package afthd is competent in working with HD time-to-event data using the conventional AFT model along with the Bayesian paradigm. Other aspects, like missing values in covariates within HD data and competing risk analysis, are also covered in this article.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Basic Educational and Professional Similarities and Differences between Interior Architecture and Interior Design
No full text'İçmimarlık (Interior Architecture)' mesleğinin günümüzdeki yetkilerine, sorumluluklarına ve eğitimdeki hedefine baktığımızda, mekânsal sanat ile mimarlığın harmanlandığı, konforlu, estetik açıdan uygun, kullanıcı odaklı, kullanıcıların iç mekândaki tecrübelerini ve konforunu arttırma hedefli bir meslek olduğunu görebiliriz. Mesleğin, dünyada çeşitli unvanlarla (içmimar [interior architect]/iç mekân tasarımcısı [interior designer]) adlandırılmasından dolayı, unvanların değiştiği ülkelerde, meslek sahiplerinin aldığı eğitim ile sorumlulukları ve yetkileri değişmektedir. Bu araştırma ile, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, İngiltere, Almanya, Fransa ve Türkiye incelenerek ülkelerde hangi unvanların kabul gördüğü, ülkelerdeki içmimar (interior architect) ile iç mekân tasarımcısı (interior designer) arasındaki fark, verilen eğitim, mesleki yetkileri ve sorumlulukları nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak incelenecektir. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve İngiltere'de 'içmimarlık (interior designer)' ve 'iç mekân tasarımı (interior design)' farklı bölümlerde eğitim vermektedir. Almanya ve Fransa'da 'içmimarlık (interior architect)' unvanı resmen kabul edilmektedir. Türkiye'de ise 'içmimar (interior architect)' ile 'iç mekân tasarımı teknisyeni (interior design technician)' tartışmalı bir zemindedir. Türkiye'de 'İçmimarlık (Interior Architecture)' ve 'İçmimarlık ve Çevre Tasarımı (Interior Architecture and Environmental Design)' mezunlarına 'içmimar (interior architect)' unvanı verilmekte, 2 yıllık 'Ön Lisans' 'İç Mekân Tasarım' programı mezunları ise, 'iç mekân tasarımı teknisyeni (interior design technician)' olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye'de 'iç mekân tasarımcısı (interior designer)' unvanı yoktur. Araştırmanın sonunda, elde edilen veriler, 'içmimarların (interior architect)' ve 'iç mekân tasarımcılarının (interior designer)' arasında temel eğitimsel ve mesleki yetkiler ve sorumluluklar bağlamında bir tablo ile karşılaştırılacaktır.As the current authority, responsibility and educational objectives of the 'Interior Architecture' profession examined, it can be seen that it is a profession that blends spatial art and architecture. It aims to create comfortable, aesthetically appropriate and user-focused spaces. The aim of the profession is creating interior spaces which are comfortable, aesthetically appropriate, user-oriented, and aimed to increase the users' experience and comfort. Since the profession is called by various titles around the world (interior architect/interior designer), the education, the responsibilities and the professional authorities change. Within this research, it is aimed to examine The United States of America, The United Kingdom, Germany, France and Türkiye to find out which titles are used to describe the professionals, the difference between interior architect and interior designer in the countries, education given, professional authorities and responsibilities with using qualitative research method. In the United States and The United Kingdom, 'interior architecture' and 'interior design' education are taught in different departments. In Germany and France, the title of 'interior architect' is officially recognized. In Türkiye, the terms of 'interior architect' and 'interior design technician' remain controversial. Graduates of 'Interior Architecture' and 'Interior Architecture and Environmental Design' programs are awarded the title of 'interior architect' while graduates of the two year of 'Interior Design' program become 'interior design technicians'. Therefore, the title of 'Interior Designer' does not exist in Türkiye. At the end of the research, the obtained data will ve compared in a table outlining the basic educational and professional responsibilities of 'interior architects' and 'interior designers'
The Issue of Artificial Intelligence's Legal Personhood
No full textÖzellikle son yirmi yılda yaşanan teknolojik atılımlarla makineler, programlandıkları işleri yapan birer araç olmaktan çıkıp otomatik sistemler haline gelmiştir. Yapay zekâ da bu otomatik sistemlerin, günlük yaşamda en çok karşılaşılan örneklerinden birisidir. Yapay zekâ, yaşamımıza bazı kolaylıklar getirmekle birlikte, birçok hukuki soruna da kapı aralamaktadır. Olası insan hakları ihlalleri ile hukuki ve cezai sorumluluk halleri, bu açıdan en güncel hukuki sorunlardır. Farklı yaklaşımlara sahip olsalar da Avrupa Birliği ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri başta olmak üzere birçok ülke ve uluslararası kuruluş, özellikle 2019 yılı ve sonrasında yapay zekâ regülasyonları üzerinde çalışmaya başlamıştır. Ülkemizde henüz bu yönde bir düzenleme bulunmamakta; ancak konuyla ilgili çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise yapay zekâya ilişkin bir regülasyonun nasıl olması gerektiğinden çok yapay zekânın hukuki statüsüne odaklanılmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, öncelikle kişi, gerçek kişi ve tüzel kişi kavramlarıyla ilgili genel bilgiler verilmekte; sonra teknik ve hukuki açılardan yapay zekâ kavramından ne anlaşılması gerektiği incelenmekte ve yapay zekânın sui generis bir öge olduğu tespiti yapılmaktadır. Ardından, yapay zekâ, hukuk dünyasındaki sui generis canlı ve nesnelerden hayvanlar ve otomobiller perspektifinden değerlendirilmekte ve söz konusu eşyaya ilişkin hükümlerin, yapay zekâ kaynaklı sorunları çözmede yeterli olamayacağı sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Sonrasında, yapay zekâya ayrı bir hukuki statü tanınması olasılığı değerlendirilmek üzere yapay zekâya hukuki kişilik tanınmasını reddeden görüşler ile kabul eden görüşler incelenmekte ve yapay zekâya özgü bir hukuki kişilik önerisi getirilmesinde yarar olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır. Ve en son da tüm araştırma, inceleme ve değerlendirmelerimiz sentezlenerek yapay zekâya özgü bir hukuki kişilik önerisi sunulmaktadır.Particularly with the technological breakthroughs of the last two decades, machines have evolved from tools that perform programmed tasks to become automated systems. Artificial intelligence is one of the most frequently encountered examples of these automated systems in daily life. While artificial intelligence brings some convenience to our lives, it also opens the door to many legal issues. Possible human rights violations and legal and criminal liability are the most current legal issues in this regard. Despite their different approaches, many countries and international organizations, particularly the European Union and the United States, have begun working on artificial intelligence regulations, especially since 2019. There is currently no regulation in this area in our country; however, studies are being conducted on the subject. In this study, however, we focus on the legal status of artificial intelligence rather than what a regulation regarding artificial intelligence should look like. Within this framework, we first provide general information regarding the concepts of person, natural person, and legal person. We then examine the concept of artificial intelligence from technical and legal perspectives, and we determine that artificial intelligence is a sui generis entity. We then evaluate artificial intelligence from the perspective of animals and automobiles, which are sui generis living beings and objects in the legal world. We conclude that the provisions regarding these properties are insufficient to solve problems arising from artificial intelligence. Subsequently, to assess the possibility of granting artificial intelligence a separate legal status, we examine the views for and against the granting of legal personhood to artificial intelligence, and we conclude that a proposal for legal personhood specific to artificial intelligence would be beneficial. Finally, we synthesize all our research, analysis, and assessments to propose a distinct legal personhood for artificial intelligence
Thermoeconomic Analysis of an Integrated Membrane Reactor and Carbon Dioxide Capture System Producing Decarbonized Hydrogen
No full textIn this study, a novel thermo-economic analysis on a membrane reactor adopted to generate hydrogen, coupled to a carbon-dioxide capture system, is proposed. Exergy destruction, fuel, and environmental as well as purchased equipment costs have been accounted to estimate the cost of hydrogen production in the aforementioned integrated plant. It has been found that the integration of the CO2 capture system with the membrane reactor is responsible for the reduction of the hydrogen production cost by 12 % due to the decrease in environmental penalty cost. In addition, the effects of operating parameters (steam-to-carbo ratio and biogas temperature) on the hydrogen production cost are investigated. Hence, this work demonstrates that the latter can be decreased by approximately 2 $/kgH2 when steam to carbon ratio increases from 1.5 to 4. The analyses reveal that steam-tocarbo ratio increases exergy destruction cost, affecting consequently also the hydrogen production cost. However, from a thermodynamic point of view, it enhances the hydrogen production in the membrane reactor, mutually lowering the hydrogen production cost. It has been also estimated that a decrease in the biogas inlet temperature from 450 to 400 degrees C can reduce the hydrogen production cost by 7 %. This study demonstrates that the fuel cost is a major economic parameter affecting commercialization of hydrogen production, while exergy destruction and environmental costs are also significant factors in determining the hydrogen production cost.European Union - NextGeneration EU from the Italian Ministry of Ambient and Energy Security POR H2 AdP MASE/ENEAEuropean Union - NextGeneration EU from the Italian Ministry of Ambient and Energy Security POR H2 AdP MASE/ENEA with involvement of CNR and RSE, PNRR-Mission 2, Component 2, Investment 3.5 "Ricerca e sviluppo sull'idrogeno" project is acknowledged to support this work.Science Citation Index Expande
Epidemiological Assessment of Depression, Activities of Daily Living and Associated Factors in Elderly Individuals Aged 65 Years and Older: Evidence From a Population-Based Study
No full textKose, Ali/0000-0002-8583-8982; Arayici, Mehmet Emin/0000-0002-0492-5129Background: It is a well-established fact that late-life depression represents a significant public health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries experiencing rapid demographic aging. Although its clinical and societal impacts are well-recognized, data on the interplay between depressive symptoms and functional status in older populations remain limited for T & uuml;rkiye. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression among individuals aged 65 years or older, examine its associations with instrumental and basic activities of daily living, and identify key sociodemographic and behavioral correlates. Methods: In this study, data obtained from a population-based survey in 2264 clusters by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) were used, and weighted data were yielded from 6,036,396 adults aged 65 and over. Depression was measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), categorizing participants as "not depressed", "mildly depressed", or "severely depressed". Functional status was evaluated using the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale and the Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale. Logistic regression models, adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), were used to determine the associations of depression with functional impairment and various covariates, including gender, education, marital status, chronic disease, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use. Results: Overall, the prevalence of depression in this cohort was 49.9% [95% CI = 48.7-51%], with 36.0% [95% CI = 34.8-37.0%] classified as mild and 13.9% [95% CI = 13.1-14.7%] as severe depression. IADL and ADL scores were negatively correlated with GDS scores (r = -0.416 and r = -0.321, respectively; p < 0.001). In logistic models, lower IADL scores were linked to higher odds of mild (OR = 0.797, 95% CI = [0.796-0.798], p < 0.001) and severe depression (OR = 0.689, 95% CI = [0.688-0.690], p < 0.001). Being semi-dependent or dependent in ADL further escalated depression risk. Female gender, lower education, single/divorced status, chronic disease, and inactivity also emerged as strong predictors. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that depression is highly prevalent among older adults in T & uuml;rkiye, with functional impairment, unfavorable health behaviors, and sociodemographic vulnerabilities heightening risk. Integrating depression screening into geriatric care-alongside interventions to maintain functional independence-may help mitigate the burden of late-life depression in similar contexts.Science Citation Index Expande
Performance Improvement of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Abs Composites by Introducing Fullerene Nanoparticles
No full textRecently, polymer composites have been extensively researched in industrial fields such as electrical conductance, ohmic heating, electromagnetic shielding and electrostatic discharge, particularly in engineering polymers reinforced with carbonaceous additions. Herein, fullerene (C60) and short carbon fiber (CF) were incorporated with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS) using melt-compounding followed by an injection-molding process. Composite samples were produced with contents of 20 wt% of CF besides 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 wt% of C60. Tensile, impact, hardness and wear tests, conductive atomic force microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, melt flow index tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to characterize mechanical, electrical, thermomechanical, thermal, melt-flow and structural behaviors of ABS-based composites involving CF and C60. Based on the mechanical test findings obtained for the developed composites, comprising tensile and impact test results, C60 additions contributed to a significant rise in tensile strength and impact resistance of CF-reinforced ABS composites, with a 20% increase in tensile resistance being achieved by introduction C60 into the ABS/CF structure. C60 addition enhanced efficiency by 50% in terms of tensile modulus. Electrical conductivity measurements confirmed that C60 nanoparticles and CF exhibited a synergy. The optimum synergistic ratio of C60/CF was obtained as 0.5/20. The conductive path in the ABS/CF composite system was established by incorporating C60 with different loading amounts. SEM micrographs of composites demonstrated that C60 nanoparticles were dispersed homogeneously into the ABS matrix involving lower amounts of C60. © 2025 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. © 2025 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.Science Citation Index Expande
Development of a Questionnaire To Assess Phosphate Knowledge in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease and Their Caregivers
No full textIntroduction: Hyperphosphataemia is a common complication of paediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD), despite the use of phosphate binders and the numerous strategies employed to reduce dietary phosphate (P) intake. This article describes the development of two self-administered semi-structured Phosphate Understanding and Knowledge Assessment (PUKA) questionnaires. The purpose of these is to assess challenges with adherence and measure declarative nutrition and procedural knowledge of phosphate in children and young people (CYP) with CKD and their caregivers. The aim is to create questionnaires that will be used for future studies investigating the relationship between knowledge and blood P-levels. Methods: Questions were generated from a literature review, clinical experience and feedback from a survey sent to UK paediatric kidney dietitians. The content, format and style of the questions were adapted and validated via expert consensus (including a psychologist, play therapist, paediatric kidney dietitians and nephrologists from the international Paediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce, and our Young Persons’ Advisory Group), two caregivers and two CYP. A draft questionnaire was piloted with five caregivers and CYP with CKD to ensure face and content validity. To allow utilisation in a planned multi-centre trial, it was translated into five languages (Dutch, French, German, Italian and Turkish). The final English version questionnaires were used in a sample of CYP with CKD stages 4–5 and on dialysis (CKD4-5D), and caregivers, from three UK paediatric kidney centres. Results: From an initial pool of 80 questions, 37 were included in the final PUKA questionnaire. Thirteen were knowledge-based, and a knowledge score was developed. An adult and a child-friendly format were designed. Pilot testing confirmed face validity to ensure the questions were understandable. Forty-four CYP with CKD4-5D and 33 caregivers completed the final English PUKA questionnaires, with over 80% rating it easy to complete. The median time required to complete it was 11:06 min (IQR: 7:22–16:31). Conclusions: The PUKA questionnaires are a valid and reliable tool for measuring P-related knowledge and experiences of managing phosphate in CYP with CKD and their caregivers. © 2025 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.Vitaflo International Limited Research Fund; European Society for Pediatric Nephrology; Kidney Research UK, (_RP‐008_20211215, 2022); Kidney Research U