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Sustainable Fifth-Generation Port Systems: Challenges and Opportunities for Local Communities
No full textThe evolution of port operations into fifth-generation systems highlights a commitment to sustainability, digitalization, and community integration. However, challenges remain in balancing economic efficiency and environmental and social impacts. In-depth case studies of eight significant international ports are combined with bibliometric analysis to investigate the transformative model of Fifth-Generation Ports (5GPs). The study identifies three interrelated pillars-digitalization, environmental sustainability, and socioeconomic integration-that build upon the development of port systems. The 5GPs framework is empirically supported by a bibliometric analysis of 410 Web of Science articles published between 2014 and 2025, which identifies intellectual clusters focused on smart port systems, energy transition, and governance. Uneven progress across the pillars is demonstrated by case studies of Shanghai, Singapore, Rotterdam, Antwerp, Los Angeles, Hamburg, Busan, and Long Beach. With automation and smart systems enhancing productivity and global competitiveness, digitalization emerges as the most advanced dimension. As demonstrated by Rotterdam's emission reductions compared to those of Hamburg and Los Angeles, which have faced persistent challenges, environmental sustainability exhibits quantifiable but uneven gains. The gap between port expansion and regional employment or demographic trends demonstrates that socioeconomic integration remains a frequently overlooked issue. These results demonstrate that simply evaluating efficiency metrics is insufficient to measure the competitiveness of port modernization; a balance must be struck between ecological responsibility and community well-being. The 5GP framework provides policymakers and port authorities with a well-organized roadmap. While highlighting the risks and best practices involved, this study acknowledges limitations in scope and highlights the need for further regional and longitudinal research. Ultimately, the transition to the 5GP signals a significant shift in maritime governance, with ports becoming hubs for resilient, inclusive, and sustainable urban development.Science Citation Index Expanded - Social Science Citation Inde
Solow-Swan Model and Growth Dynamics: Moving Forward
No full textFerrara, Massimiliano/0000-0002-3663-836XThis note in the Milestones series is dedicated to the Solow-Swan model. The aim is to examine the historical significance and enduring impact of the Solow-Swan neoclassical growth model, independently developed by Robert Solow and Trevor Swan in 1956. The model revolutionized economic growth theory by introducing a framework explaining long-term growth through capital accumulation, labor growth, and technological progress. We explore the model's theoretical foundations, influence on subsequent literature, empirical applications, and ongoing relevance. The paper presents novel extensions with discrete time delays that provide insights into cyclical economic phenomena, demonstrating how time-to-build technology can generate endogenous fluctuations within the otherwise stable Solow framework.Universit degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio CalabriaThe author sincerely thanks the Associate Editor Marco Li Calzi and the anonymous Reviewers for their thoughtful and constructive comments on this paper. Their own feedback has significantly improved the quality and focus of this Note to the Milestones series.Emerging Sources Citation Inde
Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Politika Faizi ile Bankacılık Kredi Faizleri Arasındaki İlişki
No full textBu doktora tezi, Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası'nın (TCMB) politika faiz oranlarının bankaların kredi faiz oranlarına etkisini, faiz kanalı çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, faiz geçişkenliğinin büyüklüğünü, süresini ve etkinliğini analiz ederek TCMB'nin para politikası kararlarının kredi piyasası üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Araştırmada, 2018-2024 yıllarına ait haftalık veriler kullanılmış ve VAR modeli, Etki-Tepki Analizi, Varyans Ayrıştırması ile Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi gibi ekonometrik yöntemlerden yararlanılmıştır. Ampirik bulgular, politika faiz oranlarındaki değişimlerin kredi piyasası üzerindeki etkisinin ekonomik koşullara ve kredi türlerine göre farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. İncelenen dönem itibarıyla, politika faizindeki değişimlerin taşıt kredileri hariç kredi faiz oranları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, ancak genellikle sınırlı ve kısa vadeli bir etki yarattığı tespit edilmiştir. Ticari krediler, politika faizindeki değişikliklere en hızlı tepki veren kredi türü olarak öne çıkmıştır. Ticari kredi faiz oranlarının varyansı, politika faizindeki değişimlerle %11'e kadar açıklanabilmiştir. İhtiyaç kredilerinin politika faizine tepkisi orta düzeyde gerçekleşmiş ve varyansın %5.5'i politika faizindeki değişimlerle açıklanmıştır. Konut kredileri ise politika faizindeki değişimlere daha geç tepki vermekle birlikte, orta vadede etkiler daha belirgin hale gelmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, politika faizinin taşıt kredileri üzerinde anlamlı bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmamıştır. Politika faiz oranlarının etkin bir şekilde yönetilmesi, kredi maliyetleri ve finansal istikrar üzerindeki etkilerin optimize edilmesi açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma ile TCMB'nin, faiz geçişkenliği ve faiz kanalının işlerliğini sağlamaya yönelik uygulamalarının etkinliği araştırılmış, mevcut politikaların gözden geçirilmesi ve ilave stratejiler geliştirilmesi gerektiği ortaya konulmuştur.This doctoral dissertation examines the impact of the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye's (CBRT) policy interest rates on banks' credit interest rates within the framework of the interest rate channel. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of the CBRT's monetary policy decisions on the credit market by analyzing the magnitude, duration, and efficiency of interest rate pass-through. In the research, weekly data from the period 2018–2024 were utilized, and econometric methods such as the VAR model, Impulse-Response Analysis, Variance Decomposition, and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test were employed. The empirical findings reveal that the impact of changes in policy interest rates on the credit market varies depending on economic conditions and types of credit. During the examined period, it was determined that changes in policy interest rates had a statistically significant but generally limited and short-term effect on credit interest rates, excluding auto loans. Commercial loans emerged as the type of credit most responsive to changes in policy interest rates. Up to 11% of the variance in commercial loan interest rates could be explained by changes in policy interest rates. The response of consumer loans to policy rates was moderate, with 5.5% of the variance attributable to changes in policy rates. Although housing loans responded more slowly to changes in policy interest rates, their effects became more pronounced in the medium term. According to the analysis results, no significant causal relationship was found between policy interest rates and auto loans. The effective management of policy interest rates is critical to optimizing the effects on credit costs and financial stability. This study investigates the effectiveness of the CBRT's practices aimed at ensuring interest rate pass-through and the functionality of the interest rate channel. It highlights the need for a review of current policies and the development of additional strategies
Orthorexia Nervosa: A Mixed-Methods Study in Terms of Obsessive Beliefs, Social Appearance Anxiety, Body Satisfaction and Lifestyle Characteristics
No full textBu araştırma, ortoreksiya nervoza (ON) düzeyi ile obsesif inanışlar, sosyal görünüş kaygısı (SGK), beden memnuniyeti ve yaşam tarzı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri karma desen yaklaşımıyla incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Araştırmanın nicel aşamasında, yaşları 18 ile 65 arasında değişen (X̄ = 29,52; SS = 10,56) toplam 347 katılımcı (287 kadın, 60 erkek) yer almıştır. Veriler; Yeme Tutum Testi, Teruel Ortoreksiya Ölçeği, Obsesif İnanışlar Ölçeği, Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği, Beden Memnuniyetsizliği Ölçeği ve araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Kişisel Bilgi Formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Veriler, öncelikle ağ analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiş, ardından aracılık ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Ağ analizi sonuçları, en güçlü değişkenlerin obsesif inanışlar, ON, ve SGK olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgulara dayanarak, obsesif inanışlar ile ON arasındaki ilişkide yeme tutumları ve SGK'nın aracı rolleri test edilmiştir. Aracılık analizleri, obsesif inanışların Sorumluluk/Tehdit Algısı ve Düşüncelere Verilen Önem/Düşüncelerin Kontrolü alt boyutlarının ON üzerinde doğrudan ve dolaylı etkilerinin anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Mükemmeliyetçilik/Kesinlik alt boyutunun ise doğrudan etkisinin anlamlı bulunmamış, dolaylı ve toplam etkilerinin anlamlı bulunmuştur. Ağ analizinde merkezi konumda olmayan ancak diğer değişkenlerle ilişkili unsurları açıklamak amacıyla iki regresyon modeli test edilmiştir. Birinci modelde, sosyal medyada geçirilen sürenin sağlık ve görünüşle ilişkili yaşam tarzı özellikleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmamıştır. İkinci modelde ise beden kitle indeksinin beden memnuniyetsizliği ve SGK üzerinde anlamlı etkileri saptanmıştır. Nitel aşamada, DEG ve YEG katılımcılarıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmış; veriler yorumlayıcı fenomenolojik analiz yaklaşımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda katılımcıların anlayışlarını yansıtan sekiz tema belirlenmiş ve temalar iki analiz birimi arasında karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur. Sağlıklı beslenme davranışları, YEG katılımcılarında besin kısıtlaması, sağlık ve kilo odaklı kaygılarla şekillenmiştir. Düşük eğilim grubunda ise denge, esneklik ve sosyal uyumla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, sağlıklı beslenmeye yönelik tutumların beden algısı ve sosyal ilişkiler üzerinde önemli etkiler yarattığı görülmüştür. Bulgular, ON'nin yalnızca yeme davranışına değil, aynı zamanda bireyin bilişsel yapıları ve bedenle kurduğu ilişkiye de bağlı çok boyutlu etkileri olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma, ON'ye yönelik bütüncül araştırma ve klinik müdahalelerin geliştirilmesine katkı sunmaktadır.This study aimed to examine the relationships between orthorexia nervosa tendency and obsessive beliefs, social appearance anxiety, body satisfaction, and lifestyle characteristics using a mixed-methods approach. In the quantitative step of the research, a total of 347 participants (287 women, 60 men), aged between 18 and 65 (M = 29.52; SD = 10.56), were included. Data was collected using the Eating Attitudes Test, the Teruel Orthorexia Scale, the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire, the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, the Body Dissatisfaction Scale, and the Personal Information Form developed by the researcher. The data was first analyzed using network analysis, followed by mediation and regression analyses. The results of the network analysis revealed that the strongest variables were obsessive beliefs, orthorexia nervosa, and social appearance anxiety. Based on these findings, the mediating roles of eating attitudes and social appearance anxiety in the relationship between obsessive beliefs and orthorexia nervosa were tested. The mediation analyses showed that the subdimensions of Responsibility/Threat Estimation and Importance/Control of Thoughts had both direct and indirect statistically significant effects on orthorexia nervosa. The subdimension of Perfectionism/Certainty did not have a significant direct effect, but its indirect and total effects were found to be significant. To explain structures that were not central in the network analysis but were related to other variables, two separate regression models were tested. In the first model, time spent on social media did not have a significant effect on health- and appearance-related lifestyle characteristics. In the second model, body mass index was found to significant effects on body dissatisfaction and social appearance anxiety variables. In the qualitative step, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants who had high and low tendencies toward orthorexia nervosa, and the data were analyzed using an interpretative phenomenological analysis method. As a result of the analysis, eight themes reflecting participants' experiences were identified and presented comparatively between the two groups. Healthy eating behaviors were shaped by food restriction and concerns focused on health and weight in participants with a high tendency toward orthorexia nervosa. In the low tendency group, these behaviors were associated with balance, flexibility, and social harmony. Additionally, attitudes toward healthy eating were found to significantly affect body image and social relationships. Findings showed that orthorexia nervosa is not only related to eating behavior but also closely associated with individuals' cognitive structures and their relationship with their body. The study contributes to the development of holistic research and clinical interventions for orthorexia nervosa
Öğretmenlerin COVID-19 Pandemisindeki Çalışma Koşullarında Yeme Bağımlılığı ile Uyku Kalitesi ve Depresyon Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi
No full textAmaç: Çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin COVID-19 döneminde yeme bağımlılığı, uyku kalitesi, fiziksel aktivite ve depresyon durumları arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2021 yılında yapılan bu tanımlayıcı çalışma 600 bireyle çevrimiçi ortamda Google Formlar aracılığıyla veri toplama yöntemi ile yürütülmüştür. Bireylere sosyo-demografik ve antropometrik ölçümlere dayanan bilgileri sorulmuştur. Yale Yeme Bağımlılığı Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi ile Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Veriler; ‘bağımsız gruplarda t-testi’, ‘tek yönlü varyans analizi’, ‘Pearson korelasyonu’ ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %54,7’si kadın, %45,3’ü erkektir. Yaş ortalaması 36,3±7,6 yıldır. Depresyon düzeyi; erkeklerde (12,1±10,9, p=0,009) ve yeme bağımlılığı olanlarda (12,9±11,1, p=0,003) yüksektir. Uyku kalitesi erkeklerde kadınlara göre (9,17±3,51, p=0,002) daha düşüktür. Uyku kalitesi ile yeme bağımlılığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki gözlenmemiştir (p>0,05). Sağlıklı beslenmeye ilişkin tutum kadınlarda erkeklere göre (68,8±8,56, p=0,025) daha yüksektir. Depresyon düzeyi ile uyku kalitesi arasında pozitif ve anlamlı ilişki gözlenirken (r=0,651), sağlığa ilişkin tutum ile uyku kalitesi (r=-0,239) ve sağlığa ilişkin tutum ile depresyon (r=-0,313) arasında negatif ve anlamlı ilişki gözlenmiştir (p<0,01). Sonuç: COVID-19 dönemindeki değişen yaşam biçimlerinden kaynaklı öğretmenlerin uyku kalitesinin düşük, depresyon derecesinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. BDÖ puanı ortalaması yeme bağımlılığı olan bireylerde, yeme bağımlılığı olmayan bireylere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Depresyon puan ortalaması yüksek olan bireylerde yeme bağımlılığı daha fazla olduğu için depresyonun azalmasıyla yeme bağımlılığının tedavi edilebileceği düşünülmektedir. Öğretmenlerde depresyonun tedavisiyle yeme bağımlılığının da azaltılabileceği ve uyku kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik tedavi ile öğrencilere yansıyacak olan olumlu etkiler sonucunda sağlıklı bireylerin yetişmesine de katkı sunulabileceği öngörülmektedir
Identification of Low-Momentum Muons in the Cms Detector Using Multivariate Techniques in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s=13.6 TeV
No full textSoft muons with a transverse momentum below 10 GeV are featured in many processes studied by the CMS experiment, such as decays of heavy-flavor hadrons or rare tau lepton decays. Maximizing the selection efficiency for these muons, while simultaneously suppressing backgrounds from long-lived light-flavor hadron decays, is therefore important for the success of the CMS physics program. Multivariate techniques have been shown to deliver better muon identification performance than traditional selection techniques. To take full advantage of the large data set currently being collected during Run 3 of the CERN LHC, a new multivariate classifier based on a gradient-boosted decision tree has been developed. It offers a significantly improved separation of signal and background muons compared to a similar classifier used for the analysis of the Run 2 data. The performance of the new classifier is evaluated on a data set collected with the CMS detector in 2022 and 2023, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 62 fb(-1).FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MoST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG [MoER TK202]; Academy of Finland; MEC; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; IPM; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); BUAP; CONACYT; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; DOE; NSF; Marie-Curie program; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science Committee [22rl-037]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science -EOS [30820817]; Be.ing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR-22-985]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 400140256 -GRK2497]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-2024-00036]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India - NextGenerationEU program (Italy); Latvian Council of Science; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund [MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033]; ERDF "a way of making Europe" [MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B39G670016]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; SuperMicro Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science -EOS" -be.h project n. 30820817; the Be.ing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" -390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-2024-00036 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC -National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR -Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe", and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G670016 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.).Science Citation Index Expande
Measurement of the Drell-Yan Forward-Backward Asymmetry and of the Effective Leptonic Weak Mixing Angle in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s=13tev
No full textMoureaux, Louis/0000-0002-2310-9266; Mitra, Soureek/0000-0002-3060-2278; Garcia, Francisco/0000-0002-4023-7964; Karneyeu, Anton/0000-0001-9983-1004; D'Anzi, Brunella/0000-0002-9361-3142; Vannerom, David/0000-0002-2747-5095; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Smith, Nicholas/0000-0002-0324-3054; Zhang, Yousen/0000-0002-6812-761X; Chatterjee, Suman/0000-0003-2660-0349; Grosso, Gaia/0000-0002-8303-3291; Kontaxakis, Pantelis/0000-0002-4860-5979; Tapper, Alexander/0000-0003-4543-864X; Barroso Ferreira, Mapse/0000-0003-3904-0571;The forward-backward asymmetry in Drell-Yan production and the effective leptonic electroweak mixing angle are measured in proton-proton collisions at root s= 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb(-1). The measurement uses both dimuon and dielectron events, and is performed as a function of the dilepton mass and rapidity. The unfolded angular coefficient A(4) is also extracted, as a function of the dilepton mass and rapidity. Using the CT18Z set of parton distribution functions, we obtain sin(2) theta(l)(eff)= 0.23152 +/- 0.00031, where the uncertainty includes the experimental and theoretical contributions. The measured value agrees with the standard model fit result to global experimental data. This is the most precise sin(2) theta(l)(eff) measurement at a hadron collider, with a precision comparable to the results obtained at LEP and SLD.FWF; FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MOST; NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG [MoER TK202]; Academy of Finland; MEC; CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF; BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE; DST; IPM; SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE; UM (Malaysia); BUAP; CONACYT; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA; TUBITAK; DOE; NSF (USA); Marie-Curie program; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science Committee [22rl-037]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science - EOS [30820817]; Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR-22-985]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 400140256 - GRK2497]; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) [2288]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA64]; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC - National Research Center for High Performance Computing - NextGenerationEU program (Italy); Latvian Council of Science; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; ERDF "a way of making Europe [MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B39G670016]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); Minciencias (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science - EOS'' - be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe'' -390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program - UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC - National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR - Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe'', and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G670016 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the Super-Micro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Science Citation Index Expande
Exact Solutions and Conservation Laws for the Time-Fractional Nonlinear Dirac System: a Study of Classical and Nonclassical Lie Symmetries
No full textTime-fractional Dirac-type systems arise in quantum field theory, plasma physics, and condensed matter systems where fractional calculus captures nonlocal interactions. In this study, we employ classical and nonclassical Lie symmetry methods to analyze the underlying symmetry structure of the system. By deriving infinitesimal generators and performing similarity reductions, we transform the governing fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs) into fractional ordinary differential equations (FODEs). Exact solutions are constructed using the power series method. Furthermore, we establish conservation laws in the fractional setting, ensuring the physical consistency of the system. Our findings offer new insights into the interplay among symmetry, conservation principles, and exact solutions in fractional quantum field models, expanding the analytical toolkit for studying nonlinear relativistic wave equations.Acknowledgments The authors are very grateful to the respected reviewers for their valuable suggestions to improve the quality of the paper.Science Citation Index Expande
A Fractional-Order Improved Fitzhugh-Nagumo Neuron Model
No full textKumar, Pushpendra/0000-0002-7755-2837We propose a fractional-order improved FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neuron model in terms of a generalized Caputo fractional derivative. Following the existence of a unique solution for the proposed model, we derive the numerical solution using a recently proposed L1 predictor-corrector method. The given method is based on the L1-type discretization algorithm and the spline interpolation scheme. We perform the error and stability analyses for the given method. We perform graphical simulations demonstrating that the proposed FHN neuron model generates rich electrical activities of periodic spiking patterns, chaotic patterns, and quasi-periodic patterns. The motivation behind proposing a fractional-order improved FHN neuron model is that such a system can provide a more nuanced description of the process with better understanding and simulation of the neuronal responses by incorporating memory effects and non-local dynamics, which are inherent to many biological systems.Science Citation Index Expande
Genç Yetişkinlik Döneminde Aşka İlişkin Tutumların Yordanmasında Algılanan Ebeveyn İlişkileri ve Karanlık Üçlü Kişilik Özelliklerinin Rolü
No full textBu araştırmada genç yetişkinlerin algılanan ebeveyn ilişkileri, karanlık üçlü kişilik özellikleri ile aşka yönelik tutumların yordama gücü ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma yönteminde yordayıcı korelasyonel model kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 180 kadın (%56.8) ve 137 erkek (%43.2) olmak üzere toplam 317 katılımcı bulunmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Demografik Bilgi Formu, Aşka İlişkin Tutumlar Ölçeği, Kısaltılmış Karanlık Üçlü Ölçeği ve Algılanan Ebeveyn İlişkisi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler 2024 yılında Kasım ve Aralık ayı arasında sosyal medya grupları ve akademik forumlardan online anket platformu aracılığı ile çevrimiçi olarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS.25 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen ölçek puanlarının cinsiyet değişkene göre farklılaşma durumu incelenirken Bağımsız Gruplar t Testi, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler analiz edildiğinde ise Pearson Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Ek olarak, yordama gücüne ilişkin bulguları incelemek amacıyla çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, psikopatinin erkeklerde kadınlara oranla anlamlı derecede daha yüksek, oyun gibi aşk ve özgeci aşk biçimlerinin erkeklerde kadınlara göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Değişkenler arası ilişkisel analiz sonuçlarında, makyavelizm ile tutkulu, oyun gibi, mantıklı ve sahiplenici aşk biçimleri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki; narsisizm ile tutkulu ve mantıklı aşk biçimleri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki; psikopati ile oyun gibi aşk biçimi arasında güçlü bir pozitif ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Ek olarak, koruyucu ebeveyn tutumu ile tutkulu, sahiplenici ve mantıklı aşk biçimleri arasında anlamlı pozitif ilişki; demokratik ebeveyn tutumu ile mantıklı aşk biçimi arasında anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Yordama gücüne ilişkin bulgular değerlendirildiğinde ise, algılanan ebeveyn ilişkileri ve karanlık üçlü kişilik özelliklerin aşka ilişkin tutumları anlamlı şekilde yordadığı bulgulanmıştır. Sonuçlar literatür ışığında ele alınarak, alanda çalışan uzmanlar ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için öneriler paylaşılmıştır.This study aimed to evaluate the predictive power of young adults' perceived parental relationships, dark triad personality traits and attitudes towards love, and the relationships between the variables.The predictive correlational model was used in the research method. There are a total of 317 participants in the study, 180 female (56.8%) and 137 male (43.2%).The Demographic Information Form, Love Attitudes Scale, Short Dark Triad Scale and Perceived Parental Relationship Scale were used as data collection tools in the study.Data were collected online between November and December 2024 via an online survey platform from social media groups and academic forums. SPSS.25 package program was used in the analysis of the data. Independent Groups t Test was used to examine the differentiation status of the scale scores obtained within the scope of the study according to the gender variable, and Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the relationships between the variables. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine the findings regarding the predictive power. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that psychopathy was significantly higher in men than in women, and ludus love and agape love styles were significantly higher in men than in women.In the results of the correlational analysis between the variables, a positive significant relationship was found between machiavellianism and eros, ludus, pragma and mania love styles;a positive significant relationship was found between narcissism and eros and pragma love styles; and a strong positive relationship was found between psychopathy and ludus love style.In addition, a significant positive relationship was found between protective parenting style and eros, mania and pragma love styles; and a significant positive relationship was found between democratic parenting style and pragma love style.When the findings regarding the predictive power were evaluated, perceived parental relationships and dark triad personality traits were found to significantly predict attitudes toward love. The results were evaluated in the light of the literature, and suggestions were shared for experts working in the field and future research