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Examining the Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Skills in the Relationship Between Personality Organizations and Separation-Individuation Level
No full textBu araştırmanın temel amacı, kişilik organizasyonları ile ayrılma-bireyleşme düzeyi arasındaki ilişkide duygu düzenleme becerilerinin aracı etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmada ayrıca bu değişkenlerin çeşitli demografik faktörlere göre (cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi, gelir durumu, psikiyatrik tanı öyküsü) farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 465 bireyden veri toplanmıştır. Katılımcılara Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Kişilik Organizasyonları Envanteri (KOREN), Ayrılma-Bireyleşme Envanteri (ABE) ve Duygu Düzenleme Becerileri Ölçeği (DDBÖ) uygulanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 25.0 ve AMOS programları ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi sonucunda, duygu düzenleme becerilerinin kişilik organizasyonları ile ayrılma-bireyleşme düzeyi arasındaki ilişkide anlamlı bir aracı rol oynadığı saptanmıştır. Modelin uyum indeksleri oldukça yüksek düzeyde bulunmuştur , bu da modelin veriye iyi uyum sağladığını göstermektedir. Korelasyon analizlerinde, kişilik organizasyonları ile ayrılma-bireyleşme düzeyi arasında pozitif, duygu düzenleme becerileri ile her iki değişken arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyete göre yapılan karşılaştırmalarda, erkeklerin gerçeklik testi ve bölme puanlarının kadınlara göre anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Gelir düzeyi, eğitim durumu ve ailede psikiyatrik tanı gibi değişkenlere göre anlamlı farklılıklar genel olarak saptanmamıştır. Ancak çalışan bireylerin primitif savunma mekanizmalarını anlamlı şekilde daha yoğun kullandıkları gözlenmiştir. Bulgular kuramsal çerçevede ele alınmış ve klinik uygulamalara yönelik öneriler sunulmuşturThe main aim of this research is to examine the mediating role of emotion regulation skills in the relationship between personality organizations and the separation-individuation level. The study also investigates whether these variables differ according to various demographic factors (gender, age, education level, income status, psychiatric diagnosis history). A total of 465 individuals participated in the study, and they completed a Sociodemographic Information Form, the Personality Organization Inventory (KOREN), the Separation-Individuation Inventory (ABE), and the Emotion Regulation Skills Scale (DDBÖ). The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS software. Structural equation modeling revealed that emotion regulation skills play a significant mediating role in the relationship between personality organizations and separation-individuation level. The fit indices of the model were found to be very high, indicating that the model fits the data well. Correlation analyses revealed a positive significant relationship between personality organizations and separation-individuation level, while emotion regulation skills had a negative significant relationship with both variables. In gender-based comparisons, it was found that men had significantly higher reality testing and splitting scores compared to women. No significant differences were found based on income level, education status, and family psychiatric diagnosis. However, it was observed that employed individuals used primitive defense mechanisms more intensely. The findings were discussed within the theoretical framework, and clinical implications were proposed
An In-Depth Analysis of the Impact of Magnetic Fields on Phase Change Materials for Enhanced Thermal Performance
No full textPhase change materials (PCMs) are extensively used in different application, although they are characterized by a low thermal conductivity and low melting/solidification speeds. To overcome these challenges, researchers have considered using magnetic fields to improve heating and changing of phase in PCMs and Nanoparticle-enhanced PCMs (NePCMs). The current review intends to analyse the effect of magnetic field on the melting behavior of PCM, heat transfer rates, and energy storage efficiency in different arrangements such as porous cavity, finned tube and rotating systems. The results show that magnetic fields can have a great impact on the PCM behavior. This is attributed to the intensive magnetic field (e.g., Hartmann number Ha = 100), where melting time can be slowed by up to 43 % against buoyancy forces as well as eased by 12–16 % in finned systems due to non-homogeneous magnetic fields. Addition of Nanoparticles (e.g. Fe3O4 at 1 wt%) can also enhance these properties and increase thermal conductivity, thus decreasing melting time by 25 % in magnetic fields. However, it is influenced by the orientation of the field such as horizontal fields suppress convection and vertical fields give rise to convection. The best outcomes involve hybrids, magnetic Nanoparticles in metal foams, where phase transition is decreased by 98 % during rotation Rew = 1000. Key trade-offs of the type where the advantage may be canceled out by higher viscosity at high Nanoparticle loadings are also noted in the review. Finally, it has been stated that magnetic fields have the potential to transform PCM-based technologies, especially in solar energy storage, cooling of electronics, and building efficiency, with the request of better research regarding uniformity of the fields, scaling, and integration in cost-efficient applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
3-6 Yaş Çocuklarının Dijital Platformlarda İzledikleri Çocuk Programlarının Bakım Verenler Tarafından Değerlendirilmesi
No full textBu çalışma, 3–6 yaş arası çocukların dijital platformlar üzerinden izledikleri çocuk programlarının kalite kriterlerinin, bakım veren görüşleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın odak noktasını, bakım verenlerin çocuk programlarının pedagojik niteliği, içerik uygunluğu ve gelişimsel katkıları konusundaki farkındalık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmada betimsel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma İstanbul'da yaşayan 3-6 yaş arası çocuğu olan 400 bakım verenin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak demografik bilgi formu ile Çocuk Programlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, SPSS 26.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, t-testi, ANOVA testleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, bakım verenlerin çocuk programlarına yönelik değerlendirmelerinde hem demografik değişkenlerin hem de medya rehberliği davranışlarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar oluşturduğunu göstermiştir. Genç, kadın ve daha düşük eğitim düzeyine sahip bakım verenlerin içerikleri daha olumlu değerlendirdiği, yaş ve eğitim düzeyi arttıkça daha eleştirel yaklaşım sergilendiği belirlenmiştir. 'Model olma' alt boyutunda 3 yaş grubu çocuğa bakım verenler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark gözlenmiş, bu grup çocuk programı içeriklerini daha az model alınabilir bulmuştur. Ayrıca, çocuk programlarını izlerken çocuğa eşlik etmeyen fakat çocuklarına sıkça soru soran bakım verenler, içerikleri daha anlaşılır ve gerekli bulmuş, bu durum aktif bilişsel katılımın fiziksel katılım kadar etkili olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Çocuğun cinsiyeti ve bakım verenin çalışma durumu gibi değişkenlere göre içerik değerlendirmelerinde anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır.This study aims to evaluate the quality criteria of children's programs watched by children aged 3-6 on digital platforms in line with caregiver opinions. The focus of the study is to determine the awareness levels of caregivers regarding the pedagogical quality, appropriateness of content and developmental contributions of children's programs. In this context, a descriptive research model was used in the study. The study was conducted with the participation of 400 caregivers of children aged 3-6 living in Istanbul. A demographic information form and the Children's Programs Evaluation Scale were used as data collection tools. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 program. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and ANOVA tests were used in the analysis of the data. The research findings showed that both demographic variables and media guidance behaviors created statistically significant differences in caregiver evaluations of children's programs. It was determined that young, female and lower-educated caregivers evaluated the content more positively, and that a more critical approach was exhibited as age and education level increased. In the 'Model' sub-dimension, a statistically significant difference was observed among caregivers of 3-year-old children, and this group found the content of children's programs less modelable. In addition, caregivers who did not accompany the child while watching children's programs but asked their children questions frequently found the content more understandable and necessary, which revealed that active cognitive participation can be as effective as physical participation. No significant difference was found in content evaluations according to variables such as the child's gender and the caregiver's employment status
Grief Response Scale (Yas Tepkileri Ölçeği) Türkçe Uyarlama Çalışması ve Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı, Grief Response Scale (GRS) adlı ölçeğin Türkçe uyarlamasının yapılması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma örneklemi 18-65 yaş arasında son 5 yılda sevdiği bir yakının kaybı ardından yas yaşamış yetişkin bireylerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla Demografik Bilgi Formu, Beck Depresyon Envanteri, Grief Response Scale, Yas Tepkileri Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 287 erkek 324 kadın olmak üzere toplam 611 kişilik bir örneklem değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizi için SPSS 27.0 paket programı kullanılmış olup veri analizi amacıyla Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi, Çoklu Regresyon Analizi, Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi, Tek Yönlü Anova kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada GRS_Türkçe formunun psikometrik özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Dil eşitliğini değerlendirmek adına hesaplanan Cronbach Alpha değeri 0,866 olarak bulunmuş olup literatürde 0,80 üzerinde elde edilen puanlar yüksek güvenirlikte kabul edilmektedir. GRS_Türkçe formunun orijinal ölçek ile yapısal uyumunu değerlendirmek adına elde edilen CMIN/DF değeri 3.294 olarak bulunmuştur ve bu durum, modelin kabul edilebilir bir uyuma sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Alt boyut maddelerine ilişkin faktör yüklerinin 0,30 üzerinde olması kabul edilebilir uyumda olduğunu göstermektedir. GRS_Türkçe formunun BDE'den elde edilen sonucu %55 oranda yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca GRS_Türkçe formunun alt boyutları ile BDE skorları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş ve böylelikle depresyon ile ilişkili yas tepkileri saptanmıştır.The aim of this study is to adapt the Grief Response Scale (GRS) into Turkish and examine its psychometric properties. The study sample consists of adult individuals aged 18-65 who experienced grief following the loss of a loved one within the past five years. The data collection tools used in the study include the Demographic Information Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Grief Response Scale (GRS), and Grief Reactions Scale. A total of 611 participants, comprising 287 men and 324 women, were evaluated. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 27.0 software package, employing Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Pearson Correlation Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis, Independent Samples T-Test, and One-Way ANOVA.The psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the GRS (GRS_Turkish) were evaluated in the study. The Cronbach's Alpha value calculated to assess internal consistency was found to be 0.866, which, according to the literature, indicates high reliability for values above 0.80. The CMIN/DF value obtained to evaluate the structural compatibility of the GRS_Turkish form with the original scale was found to be 3.294, suggesting an acceptable model fit. Factor loadings for sub-dimension items exceeding 0.30 were also found to indicate acceptable compatibility. The Turkish version of the GRS was determined to predict 55% of the results obtained from the BDI. Additionally, the study examined the relationship between the sub-dimensions of the GRS_Turkish form and BDI scores, identifying grief responses associated with depression
Search for Bosons of an Extended Higgs Sector in B Quark Final States in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s=13 TeV
No full textKoraka, Charis Kleio/0000-0002-4548-9992; Gritsan, Andrei/0000-0002-3545-7970; Tytgat, Michael/0000-0002-3990-2074; Vami, Tamas Almos/0000-0002-0959-9211; Lee, Sung-Won/0000-0002-3388-8339; Mitselmakher, Guenakh/0000-0001-5745-3658; Tapper, Alexander/0000-0003-4543-864X; Luongo, Fabio/0000-0003-2743-4119; Diotalevi, Tommaso/0000-0003-0780-8785; D'Enterria, David/0000-0002-5754-4303; Wei, Wei/0000-0003-4221-1802; Wittich, Peter/0000-0002-7401-2181; Vannerom, David/0000-0002-2747-5095; Duarte, Javier Mauricio/0000-0002-5076-7096; Sandro, Fonseca De Souza/0000-0001-7830-0837; Barroso Ferreira, Mapse/0000-0003-3904-0571; Bodek, Arie/0000-0003-0409-0341; Landsberg, Greg/0000-0002-4184-9380; Akhter, Towsifa/0000-0001-5965-2386; Karneyeu, Anton/0000-0001-9983-1004; Kyriacou, Savvas/0000-0002-9254-4368; Hall, Geoffrey/0000-0002-6299-8385; Evdokimov, Olga/0000-0002-1250-8931; Saha, Nihar Ranjan/0000-0002-7954-7898; Roguljic, Matej/0000-0001-5311-3007; Smith, Nicholas/0000-0002-0324-3054; Tizchang, Seddigheh/0000-0002-9034-598X; Vai, Ilaria/0000-0003-0037-5032; D'Anzi, Brunella/0000-0002-9361-3142; Zhang, Yousen/0000-0002-6812-761X; Huang, Tao/0000-0002-0793-5664; Connor, Patrick/0000-0003-2500-1061; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Forthomme, Laurent/0000-0002-3302-336X; Moureaux, Louis/0000-0002-2310-9266; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Pitt, Michael/0000-0003-2461-5985; Yagil, Avi/0000-0002-6108-4004; Nanda, Shirsendu/0000-0003-0550-4083; Kyberd, Paul/0000-0002-7353-7090; Garcia, Francisco/0000-0002-4023-7964; Redondo, Ignacio/0000-0003-3737-4121; Dansana, Soumya/0000-0002-7752-7471; Mitra, Soureek/0000-0002-3060-2278;A search for beyond-the-standard-model neutral Higgs bosons decaying to a pair of bottom quarks, and produced in association with at least one additional bottom quark, is performed with the CMS detector. The data were recorded in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.7-126.9 fb(-1), depending on the probed mass range. No signal above the standard model background expectation is observed. Upper limits on the production cross section times branching fraction are set for Higgs bosons in the mass range of 125-1800 GeV. The results are interpreted in benchmark scenarios of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, as well as suitable classes of two-Higgs-doublet models.SC (Armenia); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPERGS (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); BNSF (Bulgaria); MoST (China); NSFC (China); CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER (Estonia); ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); MOE (Malaysia); UM (Malaysia); BUAP (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie program (European Union); European Research Council (European Union); Horizon 2020 Grant (European Union) [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104]; COST Action (European Union) [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science - EOS - be.h project [30820817]; Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) (Greece) [2288]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC 2121, 390833306, 400140256 - GRK2497]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungary); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Latvian Council of Science; National Science Center (Poland) [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI, ERDF "a way of making Europe"; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation (Thailand) [B05F650021]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; SuperMicro Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA); BMBWF (Austria); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); ERC PUT (Estonia); HIP (Finland); GSRI (Greece); MSIP (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); LNS (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MES (Poland); NSC (Poland); MCIN/AEI (Spain); MST (Taipei); MHESI (Thailand); TENMAK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); F.R.S.-FNRS (Belgium); New National Excellence Program - UNKP (Hungary); NKFIH (Hungary) [K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64]; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu (Spain) [MDM-2017-0765]We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centres for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MICIU/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe" -390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-2024-00036 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC -National Research Centre for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR -Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MICIU/AEI/10. 13039/501100011033, ERDF/EU, "European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR", and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G680009 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (U.S.A.).Science Citation Index Expande
Overview of High-Density QCD Studies With the CMS Experiment at the LHC
No full textGiammanco, Andrea/0000-0001-9640-8294; Cardini, Andrea/0000-0003-1803-0999; Tytgat, Michael/0000-0002-3990-2074; Pradhan, Raghunath/0000-0001-7000-6510; Wittich, Peter/0000-0002-7401-2181; Evdokimov, Olga/0000-0002-1250-8931; Ruiz, Jose/0000-0002-3306-0363; Sarkar, Uttiya/0000-0002-9892-4601; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Murillo Quijada, Javier Alberto/0000-0003-4933-2092; Demiroglu, Zuhal Seyma/0000-0001-7977-7127; Dewanjee, Dr. Ram Krishna/0000-0001-6645-6244; Tarricone, Cristiano/0000-0001-6233-0513; Tornago, Marta/0000-0001-6768-1056;We review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics program, using event samples collected in 2010-2018 with several collision systems and energies. These studies provide detailed macroscopic and microscopic probes of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created at the LHC energies, a medium characterized by the highest temperature and smallest baryon-chemical potential ever reached in the laboratory. Numerous observables related to high-density quantum chromodynamics (QCD) were studied, leading to some of the most impactful and qualitatively novel results in the 40-year history of the field. Using a dedicated high-multiplicity trigger in the first pp run, CMS discovered that small collision systems can exhibit signs of collectivity, a generic phenomenon with significant implications and presently understood to affect essentially all soft physics processes. This observation opened new paths to understand how fluidity and plasma properties emerge in QCD matter as a function of system size. Measurements of jet quenching have reached a completely new level of detail by directly assessing, for the first time, the medium modification of parton showers, as opposed to simply observing leading hadrons or di-hadrons. The first fully reconstructed beauty hadron and heavy-flavor jet nuclear modifications were also measured. The large size of the event samples, the precision of the measurements, and the extension of the probed kinematical phase space, allowed many other hard probes of the QGP medium to be explored in detail, leading to multiple groundbreaking findings. In particular, the seminal measurements of bottomonium suppression patterns answer fundamental questions that have been actively pursued, both theoretically and experimentally, by the community since the mid-1980s. We conclude by outlining the opportunities offered by the continuation of this physics program at the LHC. (c) 2024 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Armenian Science Committee [22rl-037]; Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research; Austrian Science Fund; Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique; Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPERGS; (FAPESP); Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; Bulgarian National Science Fund; CERN, Switzerland; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnologia e Innovacion; Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; Croatian Science Foundation; Research and Innovation Foundation, Cyprus; Secretariat for Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation, Ecuador; Estonian Research Council, Estonia [PRG780, PRG803, TK202]; Helsinki Institute of Physics, Finland; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules CNRS; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR-22-985]; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany [400140256 -GRK2497]; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation [2288]; National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH), Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; National Research Foundation (NRF), Republic of Korea; Research Council of Lithuania; Ministry of Education; University of Malaya (Malaysia); Ministry of Science of Montenegro; CONACYT; (UASLP-FAI); Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New Zealand; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; National Science Center, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [CERN/FIS-PAR/0025/2019, CERN/FIS-INS/0032/2019]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia; ERDF ''a way of making Europe [MDM2017-0765, PID2020-113705RB, PID2020-113304RB, PID2020-116262RB, PID2020-113341RB-I00]; Ministry of Science, Technology and Research, Sri Lanka; SNF; UniZH, Canton Zurich; (SER); Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei; Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation; National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand; Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey; Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Marie-Curie program; European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Grant [675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207]; COST Action [CA16108]; Leventis Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Belgium; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); FWO (Belgium) under the ''Excellence of Science -EOS [30820817]; Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission [Z191100007219010]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64]; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; ICSC -National Research Center for HighPerformance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR -Future Artificial Intelligence Research; Latvian Council of Science, Latvia; Ministry of Education and Science [2022/WK/14]; National Science Center [Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369, 2021/43/B/ST2/01552]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal [FCT CEECIND/01334/2018]; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund, Qatar [PID2020-113705RB, PID2020-113304RB, PID2020-116262RB, PID2020-113341RB-I00, MDM-2017-0765]; Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation [B37G660013]; Kavli Foundation; Nvidia Corporation; SuperMicro Corporation; Welch Foundation [C-1845]; Weston Havens Foundation (USA)We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: the Armenian Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037; the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research and the Austrian Science Fund; the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, and the Bulgarian National Science Fund; CERN, Switzerland; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; the Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnologia e Innovacion (MINCIENCIAS), Colombia; the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport, and the Croatian Science Foundation; the Research and Innovation Foundation, Cyprus; the Secretariat for Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation, Ecuador; the Estonian Research Council, Estonia via PRG780, PRG803, RVTT3 and the Ministry of Education and Research TK202; the Academy of Finland, Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Finland; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules CNRS, and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA, France; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Georgia; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany, under Germany's Excellence Strategy -EXC 2121 ''Quantum Universe'' -390833306, and under project number 400140256 -GRK2497, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Innovation and the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288, Greece; the National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH), Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, and National Research Foundation (NRF), Republic of Korea; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Latvia; the Research Council of Lithuania, agreement No. VS-19 (LMTLT); the Ministry of Education, and University of Malaya (Malaysia); the Ministry of Science of Montenegro; the Mexican Funding Agencies (BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the Ministry of Education and Science and the National Science Center, Poland; the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, grants CERN/FIS-PAR/0025/2019 and CERN/FIS-INS/0032/2019, Portugal; the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia; MCIN/AEI/10. 13039/501100011033, ERDF ''a way of making Europe'', Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion CientificayTecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM2017-0765, projects PID2020-113705RB, PID2020-113304RB, PID2020-116262RB and PID2020-113341RB-I00, and Plan de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion de Asturias, Spain; the Ministry of Science, Technology and Research, Sri Lanka; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei; the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, and the National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency; the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation. Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union) the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Belgium; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the ''Excellence of Science -EOS'' -be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program -UNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; ICSC -National Research Center for HighPerformance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR -Future Artificial Intelligence Research, fundedby the EU NexGeneration program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science, Latvia; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal, grant FCT CEECIND/01334/2018; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund, Qatar; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and projects PID2020-113705RB, PID2020-113304RB, PID2020-116262RB and PID2020-113341RB-I00, and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B37G660013 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Science Citation Index Expande
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The Relationship Between The Individual Values of Mothers of Children Aged 60 To 72 Months and The Prosocial Behavior of Their Children1
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Anne Babaların Okuma Kültürü Yeterliliğinin 60-72 Aylık Çocukların Erken Okuryazarlık Becerilerine Etkisi
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı anne babaların okuma kültürü yeterliliğinin 60-72 aylık çocukların erken okuryazarlık becerilerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları Yozgat ili Akdağmadeni ilçesinde bulunan ilkokula bağlı 5 anasınıfı ve 2 bağımsız devlet anaokulunda bulunan 60-72 aylık 65 çocuk ve anne babalarıdır. Araştırma verileri 'Çocuk Aile Bilgi Formu', 'Okuma Kültürü Oluşturmada Aile Yeterliliği Ölçeği' ve 'Erken Okuryazarlık Testi (EROT)' ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri SPSS paket programı aracılığıyla normal dağılım gösterdiği parametrik (Anova testi ve bağımsız t-testleri) ile Pearson Korelasyon testi uygulamıştır. Araştırmada, ebeveynlerin ailede okuma kültürü yeterlilik düzeylerinde babaların Özellikle 'model olma' ve 'tutum' boyutlarında anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu görülürken, 'okuma inancı' ve 'okumaya katılım' düzeylerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Bu sonuçlar, anne ya da baba olmanın ailede okuma kültürü yeterlilik düzeylerini etkileyen önemli bir faktör olduğunu ve babaların okuma kültürü oluşturmada daha yeterli olduğu varsayımını desteklemektedir. Ebeveynlerin eğitim düzeyinin de okuma kültürü oluşturma yeterliliği üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Özellikle anne eğitim düzeyinin, 'okuma inancı,' 'model olma,' 'okumaya katılım' ve 'tutum' boyutlarında anlamlı bir farklılık yarattığı tespit edilmiştir. Ortaokul, lise, lisans ve lisansüstü eğitim düzeyine sahip annelerin okuma kültürü oluşturma puanlarının, ilkokul mezunu annelere göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anne ve babaların, çocuklarının okuma inancına yönelik tutumlarının en yüksek seviyede olduğu ve bu inancı gerçekleştirmek için çeşitli davranışlar sergiledikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, ebeveynlerin çocuklarıyla birlikte okuma katılımlarının yüksek olduğu görülürken, çocuklarına okuma konusunda model olma davranışlarının aynı düzeyde yüksek olmadığı ifade edilebilir. Bu bulgular ışığında, ailelerin çocuklarının okuryazarlık becerilerini destekleyecek bilinçli yaklaşımlar benimsemeleri, okuma alışkanlıklarını teşvik etmeleri ve gelir ya da eğitim düzeyi fark etmeksizin tüm ebeveynlerin bu süreçte aktif bir rol üstlenmeleri gerektiği ifade edilebilir. Eğitim programları ve politikalarının, ebeveynlerin eğitim ve gelir düzeylerindeki farklılıkları göz önüne alarak daha kapsayıcı ve destekleyici bir şekilde düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of parents' reading culture competence on early literacy skills of 60-72 month-old children. The study was conducted using the relational screening model, one of the quantitative research methods. The participants of the study were 65 children aged 60-72 months and their parents in 5 kindergarten classes affiliated to a primary school and 2 independent state kindergartens in Akdağmadeni district of Yozgat province. The research data were collected with the 'Child Family Information Form', 'Family Competence Scale in Creating a Reading Culture' and 'Early Literacy Test (EROT)'. The research data were applied with the parametric (Anova test and independent t-tests) and Pearson Correlation test, which showed normal distribution, through the SPSS package program. In the study, it was observed that parents were significantly higher in the levels of family reading culture competence than fathers, especially in the dimensions of 'modeling' and 'attitude', while no significant difference was found in the levels of 'reading belief' and 'reading participation'. These results support the assumption that being a mother or father is an important factor affecting the levels of family reading culture competence and that fathers are more competent in creating a reading culture. It was observed that the level of education of parents also had a significant effect on the competence of creating a reading culture. It was determined that the level of education of the mother created a significant difference in the dimensions of 'reading belief,' 'modeling,' 'reading participation' and 'attitude'. It was determined that the scores of mothers with secondary school, high school, undergraduate and postgraduate education levels were significantly higher than those of primary school graduate mothers. It was determined that mothers and fathers' attitudes towards their children's reading belief were at the highest level and that they exhibited various behaviors to realize this belief. In addition, it was observed that parents' participation in reading with their children was high, while it can be stated that their behaviors of being a model for their children in reading were not at the same level. In light of these findings, it can be stated that families should adopt conscious approaches to support their children's literacy skills, encourage reading habits, and all parents, regardless of income or education level, should take an active role in this process. It is recommended that education programs and policies be organized in a more inclusive and supportive manner, taking into account the differences in parents' education and income levels