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War as the True Adversary and Türkiye’s Pivotal Role in Forging Peace
No full textThe central thesis of this article depends on deterrence theory and posits that nuclear war, rather than any specific nation or faction, constitutes the true adversary in the Russia-Ukraine conflict and that averting nuclear escalation must be prioritized above all else. After establishing the rationale for this position, the commentary offers a critical analysis of both Western and Russian policies, highlighting their role in intensifying the conflict without sufficiently accounting for the risks of nuclear confrontation. As an alternative peaceful path, the article examines the Turkish approach as a concise applied case study, emphasizing its balanced diplomatic and military engagement with both Ukraine and Russia. Through its promotion of dialogue and facilitation of peace negotiations, Türkiye exemplifies a strategic approach to conflict resolution that aims not only to prevent further escalation —especially the threat of nuclear conflict— but also to pave the way toward sustainable peace. © 2024, SETA Foundation. All rights reserved
Beyoğlu'nda bir rota üzerinde binaların yaşamını ve ölümünü yeniden düşünmek
No full textBu çalışma, kullanılmayan veya ihmal edilen, çürümeye terk edilmiş yapılarla ilgili yaygın bir manzaraya dönüşen durumu ele almaktadır. Çalışma mimaride insan özellikleri atfetme eğilimiyle, yaşayan bir varlık benzetmesi yapılan binaların sonlarıyla yüzleşildiğinde bir binanın ölüme nasıl tabi olabileceği sorusuna odaklanmıştır. Ölümün kabulünün insan hayatındaki itici gücün pozitif aksiyonları tetikleyebileceği düşüncesi, çalışma içinde öne çıkarılmıştır. Bu çalışma, ölüm kavramının insan hayatındaki etkilerini vurgulayarak ve küresel sorunlardan yola çıkarak, binaların yaşamını ve ölümünü kapsamayı ve belgelemeyi amaçlar. Bu, Ocak 2023'te Beyoğlu'ndaki belirli bir rotada yapılan kişisel gözlem gezisi aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, haritalama yoluyla yansıtılmış, fotoğraflarla kaydedilmiş ve fotoğraflar üzerinden çizimlerle vurgulanmıştır. Tezin ilk bölümü, ölümün kavramsal tanımını içerir ve ister ölüm, ister yararsızlık, ister başarısızlık olsun, kaçınılmaz son karşısında insanın bakış açısını ve baş etme yöntemlerini ele almaktadır. Bu bölüm, ölümün insan yaşamındaki etkisi fikrinden hareketle, çalışma için belirlenen rota üzerinde karşılaşılan binaların gözlemlenmesi için de bir perspektif sağlamıştır. İkinci bölüm, İstanbul'un Beyoğlu bölgesinde belirlenen rotada yer alan binaların mevcut durumlarını incelemektedir. Ocak 2023 tarihinde gerçekleştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış gözlem gezisi sırasında, 130 lokasyon işaretlenmiş ve kurulan analojilerle elde edilen teşhislere göre harita üzerinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu bölümde teşhislerin ve analojilerin arka planı açıklanmış, işaretlenen yapıların bazıları üzerinden yapılan çizimlerle, binanın ölüme doğru ilerleyen sürecindeki belirgin izlere vurgu yapılmıştır.This study has emerged on the neglected and abandoned structures left to decay, which have become a familiar sight in almost every city, turning into a common image. Focusing on the tendency in architecture to attribute human characteristics, the study delves into the question of how a building can be subject to death when confronted with the endings of buildings metaphorically likened to living beings. The idea that the acceptance of death can be a driving force for positive actions is emphasized in the study. This study aims to cover and document the life and death of buildings by addressing global issues and emphasizing the impact of the concept of death on human life. This is realized through a personal observation trip on a specific trail in Beyoğlu, conducted in January 2023. The findings are reflected through mapping, recorded with photos, and highlighted with drawings through photos. The first section includes the conceptual definition of death and discusses the perspective of individuals and coping methods in the face of inevitable ends, whether it be death, uselessness, or failure. This section, stemming from the notion of the impact of death on human life, also provides a perspective for observing buildings encountered along the designated route for the study. The second section examines the current state of buildings located on the route determined in Istanbul's Beyoğlu district. During the semi-structured observation trip conducted in January 2023, 130 locations were marked and classified on the map based on the diagnoses obtained through analogies. This section provides explanations of the background of diagnoses and analogies, emphasizing the distinct traces on buildings toward death through drawings based on some of the marked structures
Breast Lesion Detection From Dce-Mri Using Yolov7
No full textBreast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women. Early diagnosis of breast cancer has vital importance to prevent unexpected losses. A worldwide effort has been made to tackle early detection challenge. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is a superior imaging system that improves breast cancer diagnosis quality of physicians. Computer Aided Diagnosis systems are used as a complementary tool to improve breast cancer diagnosis. In last decades, various computer aided diagnosis systems have been proposed. However, the state-of-the-art deep learning-based approaches have started to overcome conventional medical image processing methods. In this study, we aimed to detect malignant breast lesions from open access dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagery dataset using most recent YOLOv7 deep learning architecture. 2400 images have been used for training (80%) and testing (20%) of the network. The metrics calculated with the test dataset are 98.54%, 96.42% and 84.40% for [email protected] IoU, [email protected] IoU and mAP, respectively. The results show that YOLOv7 architecture is capable to detect malignant breast lesions from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images efficiently. © 2024 Author(s)
Graphene Nanoplatelet Reinforced Al-Based Composites Prepared From Recycled Powders Via Mechanical Alloying and Pressureless Sintering
No full textThis study reports on the powder metallurgy preparation and characterization of aluminum-graphene nanoplatelet (Al-GNP) composites synthesized using recycled Al powders. Recycled Al and GNP powders (0.1-1 wt%) were mechanically alloyed (MA'd) for 4 h, followed by cold pressing (at 450 MPa) and pressureless sintering at 590 degrees C for 2 h. Starting powders were analyzed using an optical emission spectrometer (OES) and a Raman spectrometer. Also, MA'd powders and sintered samples were characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS), and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Particle size analyses, pycnometer, and Archimedes' densities, Vickers microhardness, dry-sliding wear, and compression tests were also conducted. The Al4C3 formation was observed in the XRD patterns of sintered compositions. The highest and lowest relative densities were measured for the 1 wt% and 0.1 wt% GNP reinforced samples as 97 % and 92 %, respectively. The highest hardness value was obtained as approximately 1.31 GPa for 1 wt% GNP reinforced. With the addition of reinforcement GNP, the wear rate developed to approximately 0.00225 mm3/Nm. The compressive strength increased from nearly 70 MPa to 162 MPa.Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP) [FHD-2023-44928]This study was financially supported by the Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP) with the project number of FHD-2023-44928. The authors are grateful to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ozge Balc ; imath;-Cag ; imath;ran and M.Sc. Aybike Paksoy for their help in thermal analyses. The authors also thank Prof. Dr. Hueseyin Cimenog lu, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nazl ; imath; Akcaml ; imath; Kaya, Asst. Prof. Dr. Nuri Solak, Dr. Faiz Muhaffel, M.Sc. Berk Senyurt, M.Sc. Mertcan Kaba, M.Sc. Burak Bayram, M.Sc. Aysa Azmoudeh for their supports in the experimental studies
Eğitimde Küreselleşme: Türkiye’deki Uluslararası Öğrenciler Üzerine Bir Çalışma
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, küreselleşmenin eğitim üzerindeki sonuçlarını incelerken, Türkiye’deki uluslararası öğrenciler üzerine bir araştırma yapmaktır. Bu öğrencilerin sayıları, eğitim düzeyleri, bölümleri ve uyruklarına göre dağılımları Yükseköğretim Kurulu (YÖK) tarafından yayımlanan istatistiksel veriler kullanılarak ele alınmaktadır. Bu verilerin analizinde nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan genel tarama yaklaşımı kullanılmaktadır. Tarama yöntemleri, örneklem boyutunun büyük olduğu araştırmalarda sıklıkla kullanılan bir analiz yöntemi olmaktadır. Daha rasyonel sonuçlara ulaşabilmek için araştırmanın kapsamı son beş yılla sınırlandırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Türkiye'deki uluslararası öğrenci sayısının her geçen yıl arttığı gözlemlenmektedir. En fazla tercih edilen öğrenim düzeyi lisans olurken, en fazla tercih edilen bölümün ise işletme bölümü olduğu görülmektedir. Bu öğrencilerin genellikle Türkiye’nin komşu ülkelerinden, Orta Doğu ve Afrika ülkelerinden geldiği, ancak öğrencilerin mezuniyet oranlarına baktığımızda ise, Avrupa’dan gelen öğrencilerin daha başarılı olduğu gözlemlenmektedir
Enhanced Primordial Gravitational Waves From a Stiff Postinflationary Era Due To an Oscillating Inflaton
No full textDimopoulos, Konstantinos/0000-0002-1704-1111; Eroncel, Cem/0000-0002-9308-1449; Chen, Chao/0000-0003-1187-8743We investigate two classes of inflationary models, which lead to a stiff period after inflation that boosts the signal of primordial gravitational waves (GWs). In both families of models studied, we consider an oscillating scalar condensate, which when far away from the minimum is overdamped by a warped kinetic term, a la alpha-attractors. This leads to successful inflation. The oscillating condensate is in danger of becoming fragmented by resonant effects when nonlinearities take over. Consequently, the stiff phase cannot be prolonged enough to enhance primordial GWs at frequencies observable in the near future for low orders of the envisaged scalar potential. However, this is not the case for a higher-order scalar potential. Indeed, we show that this case results in a boosted GW spectrum that overlaps with future observations without generating too much GW radiation to destabilize big bang nucleosynthesis. For example, taking alpha=O(1), we find that the GW signal can be safely enhanced up to Omega(GW) (f)similar to 10(-11) at frequency f similar to 10(2) Hz, which will be observable by the Einstein Telescope. Our mechanism ends up with a characteristic GW spectrum, which if observed, can lead to the determination of the inflation energy scale, the reheating temperature, and the shape (steepness) of the scalar potential around the minimum.National Key R;D Program of China [2021YFC2203100]; STFC consolidated Grant [ST/X000621/1]; The 2236 Co-Funded Brain Circulation Scheme2 (CoCirculation2) of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye TUBIdot;TAK [121C404]C. C. thanks Jie Jiang and Chen Zhang for useful discussions. C. C. is supported in part by the National Key R;D Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFC2203100). K. D. is supported (in part) by the STFC consolidated Grant No. ST/X000621/1. C. E. received support from the 2236 Co-Funded Brain Circulation Scheme2 (CoCirculation2) of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye TUB ; Idot;TAK (Project No. 121C404)
From Ceremony To Spectacle: Changing Perception of Hagia Sophia Through the Night of Decree (layla’t-Ul Kadr) Prayer Ceremonies [Book Part]
No full textAfter the Hagia Sophia was converted into an imperial mosque by Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II (r. 1451–81), it became a key venue for imperial religious ceremonies. From the sixteenth century until the 1830s, Ottoman sultans customarily performed the Night of Decree prayers at the Hagia Sophia. Although sultans eventually left this tradition and began attending the Night of Decree prayers at other mosques, such as Nusretiye and later Yıldız Hamidiye Mosques, the Hagia Sophia remained significant for Istanbulites. From the 1880s, the court altered the ceremonial decorum at the Hagia Sophia, issuing passes for foreign embassy staff and guests to observe from the upper galleries, with officials explaining the rituals. This period saw an increase in non-Muslim spectators, from tens to thousands. This paper examines the transformation of a religious ceremony into a spectacle by conceptualizing the Hagia Sophia as a showpiece monument, distinct in function from other imperial mosques. It argues that the Hagia Sophia, historically used as a political tool, continued to serve this purpose in a different way between the 1880s and 1932
Stay Motivated and Carry On: a Meta-Analytic Investigation of Motivational Regulation Strategies and Academic Achievement, Motivation, and Self-Regulation Correlates
No full textKim, Yeo-eun/0000-0002-4997-2762Fong, Carlton/0000-0003-4620-989XMotivational regulation, or the way learners purposefully initiate, maintain, or supplement their willingness for task engagement and completion, has been an important area of research in educational psychology. However, despite the surge of research on this topic, it remains unclear how specific motivational regulation strategies relate to learners' academic performance, motivation, and other forms of self-regulation. Based on findings from 55 studies (67 unique samples), we found a range of positive correlations among 10 types and subtypes of motivational regulation strategies and the following variables: academic achievement (rs = .01-.15), motivation (effort, rs = .11-.52; value perceptions, rs = .21-.35; and competence beliefs, rs = .22-.40), and self-regulation (cognitive, rs = .28-.51; behavioral, rs = .10-.33). Moderator results indicated that the magnitudes of associations among motivational regulation strategies and achievement and self-regulation varied by grade level and geographic region. Intercorrelations among motivational regulation strategies indicated wide-ranging degrees of overlap across strategies. Using meta-analytic structural equation modeling, we explored how motivational regulation strategies indirectly related to achievement through motivational beliefs and how self-regulatory factors were precursors to motivational regulation. Our meta-analytic findings shed light upon which motivational regulation strategies might be most adaptive for academic achievement, motivation, and self-regulation, and identified for whom and under what circumstances specific strategies can be most adaptively used
I Just Thought Maybe This Is [the] Way of Doing Things: Exploring Lesbian-, Gay-, and Bisexual-Specific Intimate Partner Violence in Norway
No full textUmmak, Esra/0000-0003-3905-5626Turken, Salman/0000-0001-7329-5856Objective: Intimate partner violence (IPV) in lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) relationships seems to be at least as high as in heterosexual relationships. However, there are uncertainties regarding how IPV is more specifically experienced in LGB relationships. We explore how LGB individuals exposed to IPV make sense of the potentially more specific ways in which IPV is enacted and experienced in LGB relationships. Method: We conducted 26 in-depth interviews with LGB individuals (aged between 19 and 70) in Norway who had experienced IPV. We used a (reflexive) thematic analysis to discern the specific themes that captured how our participants related to IPV. Results: We first illustrate the four types of IPV that our participants talked about: psychological, physical, sexual, and economical. We then present the three main themes that we generated based on the participants' interviews, exploring the more specific ways in which IPV may be experienced in LGB relationships: (a) being dominated, (b) invalidation of sexual orientation, and (c) jealousy-based vulnerability. Conclusions: These findings underscore the prominent role that sexual orientation plays in IPV experiences. Being an LGB individual may generate specific IPV experiences among this group in Norway. The potentially distinct ways in which IPV is enacted and experienced in LGB relationships are important to consider, not only to make the IPV problem among this group visible but also to tailor the psychosocial interventions to the specific needs of this group.Internal Research Strategic Grant, University of Oslo [102603193]This research was funded by the Internal Research Strategic Grant, University of Oslo (Project No. 102603193). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose