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Unemployment Polarisation and Club Convergence in Türkiye
No full textKarahasan, Burhan Can/0000-0002-4624-9413Turkish economy has undergone massive transformation during the 2000s. Annual economic growth reached a peak of 10% in the early 2000s. However, the side effects of global financial crises and the internal macroeconomic imbalances shift the growth trajectory of T ; uuml;rkiye into a new path of unstable economic growth. While macroeconomic consequences are densely discussed we know less about the adjustment of local labour markets. To fill this gap, we examine the club formation of Turkish regions by analysing their unemployment trajectories during the post 2000s. Our findings show that despite rapid economic growth Turkish regions get extremely polarised and form distinct convergence clubs. Remarkably polarisation is higher for the female population. Geographically, polarisation is in the form of an isolation for the least developed south-eastern regions and some of the developed urbanised western regions. Additionally, our robustness exercises indicate higher polarisation after 2013 as Turkish economic growth starts to become more volatile and less sustainable. Finally, our spatial extensions show that impact of spatial proximity has significant influence on the accurate extent of unemployment deprivation
The Future of Türkiye-NATO Relations in Light of the Strained Transatlantic Dialogue
No full textThis commentary aims to assess the impact of the changing approach of the U.S. under Trump's second administration on transatlantic relations, the future of NATO, its engagement in the war in Ukraine, and the prospects for further expansion toward the east. The paper also aims to shed light on how these developments may affect the future of Türkiye-NATO relations. While Türkiye remains a critical NATO member due to its strategic geography and military capabilities, domestic skepticism towards the Alliance has grown in response to unresolved disputes and perceived double standards. The commentary ultimately underscores that Türkiye’s future in NATO will depend on the Alliance’s ability to reconcile internal divisions, recalibrate its strategic vision, and balance Türkiye’s security concerns with broader transatlantic priorities. © 2025, SETA Foundation. All rights reserved
Improving Facial Emotion Recognition Through Dataset Merging and Balanced Training Strategies
No full textIn this paper, a deep learning framework is proposed for automatic facial emotion based on deep convolutional networks. In order to increase the generalization ability and the robustness of the method, the dataset size is increased by merging three publicly available facial emotion datasets: CK+, FER+ and KDEF. Despite the increase in dataset size, the minority classes still suffer from insufficient number of training samples, leading to data imbalance. The data imbalance problem is minimized by online and offline augmentation techniques and random weighted sampling. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can recognize the seven basic emotions with 82% accuracy. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in tackling the challenges of data imbalance and improving classification performance in facial emotion recognition
Quantum Approaches To the 0/1 Multi-Knapsack Problem: Qubo Formulation, Penalty Parameter Characterization and Analysis
No full textThe 0/1 Multi-Knapsack Problem (MKP) is a combinatorial optimization problem with applications in lo gistics, finance, and resource management. Advances in quantum computing have enabled the exploration of problems like the 0/1 MKP through Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulations. This work develops QUBO formulations for the 0/1 MKP, with a focus on optimizing penalty parameters for encoding constraints. Using simulation experiments across quantum platforms, we evaluate the feasibility of solving small-scale instances of the 0/1 MKP. The results provide insights into the challenges and opportuni ties associated with applying quantum optimization methods for constrained resource allocation problems. © 2025 by SCITEPRESS– Science and Technology Publications, Lda
The Role of Cumulative Risk and Armed Conflict Exposure in Adolescent Psychological Symptoms in Turkey
No full textExposure to risk factors and adversity may cause immediate, and sometimes prolonged, psychological symptoms in adolescents. Identifying universal and specific risk factors in a particular context and examining their cumulative effects is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying psychological symptoms and informing about strategies for intervention. Using concurrent measures, the current study aimed to examine the role of armed conflict experiences and cumulation of other risk factors (e.g., maternal psychological symptoms, socioeconomic indicators) in predicting adolescent psychological symptoms in an underresearched community. The sample included 161 adolescents (54.7% female) aged 11-14 years (M = 12.36, SD = 1.27) and their mothers living in the east of Turkey. The cumulative risk index was calculated by summing the standardized scores of the corresponding factors. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict internalizing and externalizing symptoms among adolescents by introducing demographic variables (age, gender) in the first step, armed conflict experiences and cumulative risk in the second step, and their interaction in the final step. Results showed that the levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms were predicted by gender, armed conflict experience and cumulative risk. Being a girl was associated with higher levels of internalizing symptoms and lower levels of externalizing symptoms. Higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms were predicted by exposure to armed and cumulative risk. After controlling for other factors, the interaction of armed conflict experience and cumulative risk significantly predicted externalizing, but not internalizing symptoms. These findings suggested that cumulative risk was a stronger predictor of psychological symptoms, and further amplified the strength of the association between armed conflict experiences and externalizing symptoms. These findings can be used in the formulation of intervention strategies and policies to promote psychological well-being in adolescents living in armed conflict zones under multiple risks
Karaköy'ün kentsel ortak yaşam habitatları: Kente insanötesi yaklaşımı ile bakmak
No full textBu araştırma, insanötesi bir yaklaşım ile İstanbul'un gelecekte biyoçeşitliliği daha yüksek bir şehir olmasının yollarını kentsel peyzaj alanları ve dolayısıyla biyoçeşitlilik oranı düşük bir semt olan Karaköy'de mevcut 'Kentsel Ortak Yaşam Habitatları'nı keşfederek ve gelecek habitatları hayal ederek araştırır. Araştırmanın ilk kısmında, iklim krizi ve biyoçeşitlilik kaybının kentleşme ile ilişkisine bakılarak, mimarların bu tablodaki sorumluluklarına dikkat çekilir. Kent peyzajının biyoçeşitlilik açısından potansiyelleri araştırılır, farklı kent peyzajlarının çoklu türlerin birlikte yaşamına ev sahipliği yapma olanakları incelenir ve kentsel atıl alanlarda kendiliğinden gelişen biyoçeşitlilik oranı yüksek kent peyzajlarının önemi vurgulanır. İnsan türünün, belirli ekolojik koşullar altında varolabilecek biyolojik bir tür olduğu fikrinden hareketle, kentlerin uzun süre yaşanabilir kalabilmesi amacıyla gelecek kentlerin ve kent peyzajlarının insanötesi bir yaklaşımla tasarlanması gerektiğinin altı çizilir. Araştırmanın ikinci kısmında, Karaköy'de yıkıntı yapılar üzerinde kendiliğinden gelişen ve şehir hayatına dayanıklı bitkiler olan ruderaller incelenir. Mevcut yıkıntı yapıların bu canlılar için habitata dönüşme biçimleri keşfedilir ve bu bitkilerin kent ekosistemine ve biyoçeşitliliğine katkıları araştırılır. Üçüncü kısımda ise, bu araştırmalardan toplanan verilerle, Karaköy'de tespit edilen potansiyel alanlara ruderaller, ruderallerin cazibe oluşturduğu tozlaştırıcı canlılar, kentte yaşamını sürdüren kuşlar, sokak hayvanları ve insanların beraber var olacağı yeni alanların inşaat atığı malzemeler kullanılarak ve insanötesi mimar perspektifi benimsenerek tasarlanan öneriler sunulur.This research explores ways for Istanbul to become a city with higher biodiversity in the future through a more-than-human approach by investigating existing 'Urban Coexisting Habitats' in Karakoy, a district with low urban landscape and biodiversity rates, and envisioning future habitats of cohabitation. The first chapter of the research focuses on the relationship between the climate crisis, biodiversity loss, and urbanization and highlighting the responsibilities of architects in this crisis. The potentials of urban landscapes in terms of biodiversity are explored, opportunities for hosting multiple species in different urban landscapes are examined, and the importance of urban landscapes with high levels of spontaneous biodiversity in urban vacant areas is emphasized. Starting from the idea that the human species is a biological species that can exist under certain ecological conditions, it is highlighted that the transformation of cities and urban landscapes through a more-than-human approach for cities to remain livable in the long term for multiple species, including human is inevitable. In the second chapter of the research, ruderals, which are spontaneously growing and resilient plants on ruins in Karakoy, are examined. The ways in which existing ruins transform into habitats for these plants are explored, and their contributions to the urban ecosystem and biodiversity are investigated. In the third chapter, based on the data collected from these studies, speculations are generated on new areas in Karakoy where ruderals, pollinators attracted by ruderals, birds living in the city, street animals, and humans coexist using construction waste materials and adopting a more-than-human architectural perspective
Nato’s Artificial Intelligence Strategy and Interoperability Challenges: the Case of Turkey
No full textThe rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly changed military applications, creating new competitive advantages and shifting the global balance of power. This article examines NATO’s AI strategy and the associated interoperability challenges, with a particular focus on Turkey. NATO’s AI strategy seeks to enhance interoperability among its member states by fostering the integration of AI technologies into military capabilities. However, achieving this goal is complicated by the varying levels of AI technological advancement, divergent national AI-military strategies and differing geopolitical considerations among member countries. Using Turkey as a case study, this paper explores how the rapid development of AI-based military drones contributes to Turkey’s strategic autonomy and enhances regime resilience while also highlighting certain interoperability considerations within NATO. The analysis underlines the need for a cohesive approach to AI integration that addresses these disparities to maintain NATO’s collective defence capabilities. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor ; Francis Group
Surprise by Anticipated Inflation
No full textThis paper proposes a theoretical model with two types of households to explore the distributional effects of inflation, assess the non-neutrality of money; and in return, to provide a guideline for policymakers in setting inflation rate. An impatient borrower who faces a borrowing constraint holds a positive amount of debt in equilibrium while a patient lender engages in consumption smoothing. Hence, inflation affects net worth of borrowers via nominal debt by redistributing resources away from lender, rendering welfare gains for the borrower and losses for the lender; and the structure of borrowing constraint gives rise to non-neutrality of anticipated inflation. The utilitarian welfare gain from generating inflation in a cashless economy is amplified when heterogeneous productivity levels are assumed. Yet, incorporating money demand in the form of money-in-utility model suggests that an inflation tax as an additional distortion reverses the overall positive effect of generating inflation in the cashless economy.JEL Classifications: E31, E37, E41, E52, D63. This paper proposes a theoretical model with two types of households to explore the distributional effects of inflation, assess the non-neutrality of money; and in return, to provide a guideline for policy planners in setting inflation rate. Anticipated inflation is shown to affect the net worth of borrowers via nominal debt by redistributing resources away from lender, rendering welfare gains for the borrower and losses for the lender; and the structure of borrowing constraint gives rise to non-neutrality of anticipated inflation. The utilitarian welfare gain from generating inflation in this setting is depicted to rise when heterogeneous productivity levels are assumed. Yet, incorporating money demand into this theoretical environment suggests that an inflation tax as an additional distortion reverses the overall positive effect of generating inflation. The decision by central banks toward using the inflation rate as an instrument to improve utilitarian welfare relies on the presence of money demand motive, the pro-lender/borrower bias, the relationship between intertemporal elasticity of substitutions and the heterogeneous productivity levels among agents. Furthermore, the contribution of this study is that it illustrates the non-neutral effects of the anticipated inflation in a theoretical model as opposed to the unanticipated inflation in the previous literature; and this non-neutrality of inflation is indicated even in the absence of heterogeneity among households contrary to the existing literature
The Relationships Between Mother-Child Attachment and Emotional Availability: a Dyadic Analysis
No full textThe aim of this research is to explore the relationship between mothers' own attachment styles and their children's attachment styles, mothers' emotional availability and their children's emotional availability, mother attachment and mother emotional availability and child emotional availability, child attachment and mother emotional availability and child emotional availability with a dyadic approach. Therefore, a dyadic analysis has been conducted with volunteers consisting of both mothers and their male/female children who were above age 18. Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment – Turkish version (IPPA-T) and Lum Emotional Availability of Parents (LEAP) were utilized to collect data. In order to test the main hypotheses of the research Path Analysis Structural Equation Model was conducted. The findings confirmed the hypotheses by revealing that there are positive relationships between mothers' attachment styles and children's attachment styles, mother's emotional availability and children's emotional availability, and mother-child attachment style with emotional availability. The results were discussed in terms of the scope of the literature and suggestions for research and practice were presented for researchers and mental health practitioners in the field.Bu tez çalışmasının amacı, annelerin kendi bağlanma stilleri ile çocuklarının bağlanma stilleri arasındaki ilişkiyi, annelerin duygusal erişilebilirlikleri ile çocuklarının duygusal erişebilirlikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ve anne bağlanma ile anne ve çocuk duygusal erişilebilirlik ve çocuk bağlanma ile anne ve çocuk duygusal erişilebilirlik arasındaki ilişkileri ikili bir bakışla ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda bağlanma konusunda hem annelerden hem de çocuklarından veri toplanarak ikili bir analiz yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları gönüllü ve on sekiz yaşından büyük kadın ve erkekler ile anneleridir. Araştırma için Anne-Baba ve Akran Bağlanması Envanteri (IPPA-T) ile Lum Ebeveyn Duygusal Erişilebilirlik Envanteri (LEAP) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın hipotezleri Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Yol Analizi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, hipotezleri doğrulayarak, annelerin kendi bağlanma stilleri ile çocuklarının bağlanma stilleri arasında, annelerin duygusal erişilebilirlikleri ile çocuklarının duygusal erişebilirlikleri arasında ve anne-çocuk bağlanma ile duygusal erişilebilirlik arasında pozitif ilişkiler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma bulguları alan yazın kapsamında tartışılmış ve araştırmacılar ile alandaki ruh sağlığı uzmanları için bulgulara dayalı öneriler sunulmuştur
Sustainable Food Consumption Within the Scope of Green Economy: a Research on Consumer Perspective
No full textSürdürülebilir üretim ve tüketim, her alanda olduğu gibi gıda sektöründe de önemli konulardan biridir. İnsanlığın yaşama devam etmesi için elzem olan gıda sektörü, çevreye etkileri bakımından da mercek altındadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı sürdürülebilir gıda tüketimini gıda tüketim sisteminin en önemli aktörlerinden biri olan tüketici perspektiflerinden ele almaktır. Bu amaçla derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, sürdürülebilir gıda tüketiminin önündeki engellerin algılanan pahalılık, bilgi eksikliği, algılanan yeşil yıkama, düşük bulunabilirlik, algılanan çaba ve yaşam koşulları olduğunu, sürdürülebilir gıda tüketiminin itici güçlerinin ise sağlık ve çevre bilinci, subjektif norm, sosyal medya ve gıda ilgilenimi olduğunu göstermektedir