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Cross-Cultural Data on Romantic Love and Mate Preferences From 117,293 Participants Across 175 Countries
No full textPsychological studies on close relationships have often overlooked cultural diversity, dynamic processes, and potentially universal principles that shape intimate partnerships. To address the limited generalizability of previous research and advance our understanding of romantic love experiences, mate preferences, and physical attractiveness, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural survey study on these topics. A total of 404 researchers collected data in 45 languages from April to August 2021, involving 117,293 participants from 175 countries. Aside from standard demographic questions, the survey included valuable information on variables relevant to romantic relationships: intimate, passionate, and committed love within romantic relationships, physical-attractiveness enhancing behaviors, gender equality endorsement, collectivistic attitudes, personal history of pathogenic diseases, relationship quality, jealousy, personal involvement in sexual and/or emotional infidelity, relational mobility, mate preferences, and acceptance of sugar relationships. The resulting dataset provides a rich resource for investigating patterns within, and associations across, a broad range of variables relevant to romantic relationships, with extensive opportunities to analyze individual experiences worldwide. © The Author(s) 2025.Stanislava Stoyanova; Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej, FNP; Vira Hrabchuk and Anne MacFarlane; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN, (2019/33/N/HS6/00054); Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN; Eesti Teadusagentuur, ETAg, (PRG2190); Eesti Teadusagentuur, ETA
Selimiye as a Commemorative Monument in Modern Turkey
No full textSelimiye, an Ottoman dynastic mosque, became a contested site of memory in the 20th century. As the Ottoman Empire disintegrated, Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey all had ambitions and even temporary control over Edirne during the first decades of the 20th century. Its unique location at the crossroads of nation-states provides fertile ground for investigating the role of architectural heritage in the formation of a nation's collective memory, with a consideration of transnational influences. This article investigates the development and reception of commemorations involving the monument through close readings of newspaper reports from Greece, Turkey, and Bulgaria, as well as international media. It reveals the transnational dimension in forming a national frame of remembrance for the liberation of Edirne
Decoding Adolescents Internet Addiction, Academic Achievement, and Empathy Levels: Untangling Complex Associations
No full textThis study explores the relationships between internet addiction, academic achievement, and empathy levels among 179 eighth- grade students. Using regression analyses, the research investigates how internet addiction impacts academic performance and empathy, and whether gender plays a role in internet addiction. Results indicate no statistically significant correlation between internet addiction and either academic achievement or empathy levels. However, a moderate positive correlation is found between empathy and academic performance. These findings suggest that internet addiction may not be a strong predictor of academic or empathic outcomes in adolescents. The study underscores the importance of promoting empathy to enhance academic success and highlights the need for balanced internet use. Future research should consider longitudinal designs and diverse samples to further explore these complex relationships. Implications for educational practices include integrating social- emotional learning programs to foster empathy and support students’ overall well- being. © 2025 by IGI Global Scientific Publishing
Emotionally Tough, Sexting Rough: Relationship Between Callous Unemotional Traits and Aggravated Sexting in 11 Countries
No full textSynnott, John/0000-0001-9640-5616;Background: Sexting is now widely acknowledged as a common sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults. However, the occurrence of abusive interactions, such as non-consensual sexting, warrants attention. Prevalence rates of non-consensual sexting vary between countries, influenced by gender and age. The present study examined the relationship between three facets of callous-unemotional (CU) traits (i.e., callousness, uncaring, and unemotional) and the sharing of non-consensual sexts across different relationship contexts (i.e., acquaintances, strangers, or partners). Method: Data were drawn from a cross-countries project encompassing 11 countries: Belgium, China, Czech Republic, Ireland, Italy, Malaysia, Poland, Russia, Turkey, Uganda, and the USA. The sample comprised 6093 young adults (3682 girls; 2401 boys), aged 13 to 30 (M = 20.35; SD = 3.63). Results: Results from a logistic mixed-model indicate that CU traits predict non-consensual sexting, with high callousness and uncaring, and low unemotional traits associated with non-consensual sexting involving partners and strangers. Younger individuals and women were more likely to engage in all forms of non-consensual sexting compared to older individuals and men. Conclusions: It is important to promote sexual education programs to increase emotional self-awareness and challenge gender stereotypes in order to reduce adverse outcomes associated with sexting.This work was partially supported by Sapienza University of Rome (Project title: The psychological underpinnings of sexting behaviors: A cross-cultural investigation; Grant number: RG11715C7C530999) and the work of Dr. Joris Van Ouytsel was supported by the the Research Foundation - Flanders (Grant number: 12J8719N) .Sapienza University of Rome [RG11715C7C530999]; Research Foundation - Flanders [12J8719N
When Words and Pointing Compete: Young Children's Referential Comprehension Under Uncertainty
No full textThe present research comprised two studies examining how 2- to 4-year-old children resolve referential uncertainty. Study 1 investigated first touches-objects initially selected or touched immediately-and takeaways-objects ultimately selected or given-as two distinct object selection behaviors, along with the verbal responses accompanying them. Study 2 explored how communicative context (i.e., preactivation of familiar object labels prior to object selection) and child characteristics (i.e., age, vocabulary knowledge, and selective attention) influenced children's referential strategies. Using a modified version of Grassmann and Tomasello's (2010) paradigm, two experimental conditions were implemented: In the Familiar-Familiar condition, when presented with two familiar objects, Experimenter 1 labeled one object to be given to Experimenter 2, while pointing to the other. In the Novel-Familiar condition, when presented with one novel and one familiar object, Experimenter 1 used a novel label while pointing to the familiar object. Results demonstrated that ostensive pointing was a stronger cue than verbal labeling in guiding children's object selections. Children modified their selections between first touches and takeaways in 17-34% of trials or verbally responded to the contradiction in 13-40% of trials. Furthermore, preactivation of familiar object labels and individual characteristics-particularly age and selective attention-were linked to variations in referential strategies. These findings highlight the complexity of referential resolution, where children integrate verbal and nonverbal cues, providing nuances about communicative development and insights about how it could be supported.This research would not have been possible without the invaluable participation of the families and children who contributed to our studies. This work was conducted as part of the first author's Ph.D. research and was supported by the Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities at Koc University. We extend our heartfelt gratitude to Dr. Susanne Grassmann for her significant contributions to this paper. Special thanks go to Ezgi Aydogdu, Hilal H. S,en, and H. Melek Ates Tasc ; imath; for their dedicated efforts in data collection and coding.Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities at Koc Universit
Room-Temperature Synthesis of Refractory Borides: a Case Study on Mechanochemistry and Characterization of Mo-Borides and W-Borides
No full textMo-boride and W-boride powders were produced from native boron oxide, magnesium, and related metal oxide starting materials by mechanochemical synthesis (MCS) followed by an purification treatment. The reaction formation mechanisms and the products were predicted with the FactSageTM thermochemical simulation program. Different conditions were tested to determine the optimum synthesis parameters. MCS was conducted at stoichiometric ratios and different milling durations, using excess reactant amounts over the determined optimum time. After MCS, unwanted phases were removed by HCl acid leaching. Detailed phase analyses of the final powders were obtained by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), whereas detailed microstructure characterization was conducted by scanning electron microscope/energy dispersion spectrometer (SEM/EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and particle size analyzer. Among the utilized parameters, the ideal composition chosen for Mo boride synthesis was 6 h milled and leached MoO3-100 wt% B2O3-50 wt% Mg (1.41 mu m), including alpha-MoB, beta-MoB, MoB2, Mo2B, Mo2B5, and Mo phases. For the synthesis of W boride, the proper composition was found as WO3-100 wt% B2O3-50 wt% Mg (0.37 mu m) containing W2B5, WB, beta-WB, WB4, W2B, and W phases after milling for 20 h and leaching. Besides, as a result of the oxidation resistance measurements at 700 and 800 degrees C, phases belonging to MoO2 and WO2 were found along with boride phases.TENMAK Boron Research Institute (BOREN), Turkiye [2019-31-07-15-001]; Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP) [MDK-2022-43573]This study was financially supported by the "TENMAK Boron Research Institute (BOREN) , Turkiye" with the project number of 2019-31-07-15-001. It was also partially funded by the Istanbul Tech-nical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP) with the project number of MDK-2022-43573. The authors also thank M.Sc. Esin Aysel for her help during the experimental studies, Ozguer Duygulu, PhD for TEM analysis and ATS (Advanced Technological Solutions) Electronic Co. for the particle size measurements
Çevrim-içi matematik öğretimi alan deneyiminde teori ve pratik arasındaki mesafe üzerine bir inceleme
No full textGeçmiş çalışmalar, öğretmen adaylarının teori ve pratiği birleştirme becerisinin, derste öğrendiklerinipratiğe dökebilmek için artan öneminden bahsetmektedir. Bu çalışma, 23 matematik öğretmenliğiadayının bir matematik öğretmen eğitimi programındaki ders ve çevrim-içi matematik öğretimi alandeneyimlerini birleştirme becerisini incelemiştir. Bu çalışmanın verisini, öğretmen adaylarının birdönem boyu süren çevrim-içi ders verme deneyiminden önce gerçekleşen 24 video-kayıtlı ders planlamatoplantısının transkripleri ve Çevrim-içi Laboratuar Okulu’ndaki çevrim-içi ders anlatımlarından sonragerçekleşen 9 video-kayıtlı tüm sınıfın dahil olduğu tartışma toplantılarının transkripleri kapsamaktadır.Ayrıca, bu çalışmanın verisini öğretmen adaylarının çevrim-içi ders anlatımlarından sonra dersanlatımlarındaki ilginç ve önemli buldukları durumlar üzerine yazdıkları kısa notları da içermektedir.Sonuçlar, öğretmen adaylarının sıklıkla teori ve pratik arasındaki bağlantıları kurmakta zorlandıklarınıgöstermekte ve öğretmen eğitimcilerinin matematik öğretimi alan deneyimleri ödevlerinde daha fazladers entegrasyon fırsatlarını kullanmasını önermektedir. Ders öğretim üyelerinin amaçları, öğretmenadaylarının düşünümleri, ders planları ve tüm sınıfın dahil olduğu tartışma toplantıları gibi birden fazlaveri kaynaklarını kullanan bu çalışma, eğitim araştırması alanındaki var olan mesafenin kapanması içindeğerli bir nitel kanıt sunmaktadırPast research has growingly shown importance of teacher candidates’ ability to connect theory and practice for applying what they have acquired in coursework into practice. This study examined 23 mathematics teacher candidates’ (TCs) ability to link coursework and online mathematics teaching field experiences in a mathematics teacher education program. Data included transcripts of 24 videotaped lesson plan meetings before the TCs’ online teaching for one semester and transcripts of 9 videotaped whole group discussions after the TCs’ online teaching in the Online Laboratory School. Data also included TCs’ short reflections written immediately after online teaching based on interesting and significant moments in their teaching. The results indicated that TCs often struggled to make connections between theory and practice, suggesting the need for teacher educators to offer more coursework integration opportunities in their assignments of mathematics teaching field experiences. This study, utilizing multiple data sources such as instructors’ goals, TCs’ reflections, lesson plans, and whole-group meetings, provides valuable qualitative evidence that may help bridge the existing gap in this area of educational research
Sanal Etkileyicilerin Yükselişi: Tüketici Tutumları Üzerine Keşfedici Bir Araştırma
No full textPazarlama iletişiminin önemli araçlarından biri haline gelen etkileyici pazarlamada dijitalleşme ve yapay zekanın etkisiyle sanal etkileyiciler de kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, sanal etkileyicilere ve sanal etkileyicilerin pazarlama iletişiminde kullanılmasına yönelik tüketici tutumlarının ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda veri elde etmede nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden derinlemesine mülakat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre sanal etkileyicilere yönelik negatif tutumlar gerçek dışılık ve yapaylık, duygusal eksiklikler, endişe oluşturma, reklam unsuru olma; pozitif tutumlar ise yenilik ve ilgi çekicilik, kolaylık, uzmanlık olarak ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, sanal etkileyicilerin pazarlama iletişiminde kullanımı kapsamında, sanal etkileyici kullanan markaya yönelik tutum ve satın alma niyeti ile, satın alma niyetini şekillendiren unsurlar da (sanal etkileyicilerin özellikleri, bireysel özellikler, kullanım stratejileri, ürün türü, ilgilenim) araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, markalara pazarlama iletişimi çerçevesinde öneriler sunulmaktadır
Ceza Muhakemesi Hukukunda Adli Arama
No full textJudicial search holds significant importance as it enables the lawful collection of evidence to be utilized in judicial proceedings, ultimately allowing the conviction of defendants based on such evidence. The search process involves the restriction of fundamental rights and freedoms prior to the issuance of a judgment, either for the purpose of apprehension, evidence collection, or both. It must be emphasized that a search serves as a tool to reach the material truth in criminal procedure law rather than being an end in itself. For this reason, a search must be temporary in nature, ceasing once its intended purpose is achieved. Furthermore, a search should only be implemented as a protective measure in cases of urgency where delay poses a danger. Given its inherent limitation of fundamental rights and freedoms, the legal basis and procedural compliance of a search are of critical importance. For a search to be lawful, it must meet the characteristics of a protective measure, with perhaps the most fundamental requirement being the issuance of a search warrant in accordance with the law. A search can only be conducted upon the issuance of a lawful search warrant. In principle, search warrants are issued by a judge, as intervention in fundamental rights and freedoms is permissible only through judicial authorization, except in exceptional circumstances, in accordance with the rule of law. In this context, searches may be conducted with a written order from the public prosecutor in urgent situations where a delay would be prejudicial. If the public prosecutor is unavailable, a written order from the law enforcement supervisor may suffice, provided the search does not pertain to private residences, workplaces, or other non-publicly accessible closed areas. Searches conducted without a judicial warrant are thus considered exceptional measures and are subject to stringent conditions. Therefore, the justification for urgency must be substantiated with supporting information, documents, and explanations. Whether a search is conducted based on a judicial warrant or a written order, in all cases, the presence of concrete facts establishing reasonable suspicion beyond mere speculation that evidence will be found or a specific individual will be apprehended is a prerequisite for the issuance of a search warrant or order. Once a lawful search warrant or order is issued, its execution becomes the focus. The execution of the search must comply with the legal and regulatory boundaries set forth, considering the specific circumstances of the location, individual, and timing of the search. Any deviation from these requirements may lead to allegations of unlawful search, the inadmissibility of unlawfully obtained evidence, and potential claims for damages arising from unlawful searches. This study examines these topics in detail, analyzing relevant judicial decisions, statutory provisions, and doctrinal views. The critical elements of judicial search, including procedural safeguards and the consequences of non-compliance, are thoroughly evaluated in light of established legal principles and case law.Adli arama, delillerin hukuka uygun bir biçimde elde edilerek muhakeme işleminde kullanılmasına imkân vermesi ve devamında bu deliller esas alınarak yargılama sonucu sanıkların cezalandırılmasını mümkün kılması bakımından nitelik arz etmektedir. Arama işlemi ile hüküm verilmeden önce temel hak ve özgürlükler, yakalama veya delil elde etme amacıyla ya da her iki amaca bağlı olarak sınırlanmaktadır. Aramanın, yakalama ve delil elde etme amacıyla uygulanması ile ceza muhakemesinde maddi gerçeğe ulaşılmasına araç olarak hizmet ettiği ve tek başına bir amaç olmadığı belirtilmelidir. Bu sebeple aramanın aynı zamanda geçici olması ve arama işlemi ile elde edilmek istenen amaca ulaşıldığında aramanın sona ermesi, ancak gecikmede tehlike bulunması durumunda yani bir zorunluluk halinin ortaya çıkması ile aramanın bir koruma tedbiri olarak uygulanmasının söz konusu olması, aramanın aynı zamanda temel hak ve özgürlükleri sınırlıyor olması sebebiyle önem arz etmektedir. Aramanın hukuka uygun olabilmesi için aramanın bir koruma tedbiri olarak saydığımız özelliklere sahip olması gerekmekle beraber burada belki de en temel husus, arama kararının hukuka uygun olarak verilmesidir. Nitekim arama işlemi ancak hukuka uygun bir arama kararının verilmesi ile yapılabilecektir. Ceza muhakemesi hukukunda arama kararının verilmesi kural olarak hakim kararıyla mümkündür. Temel hak ve özgürlüklere müdahalenin istisnai haller dışında ancak hâkim kararıyla sınırlanması hukuk devleti ilkesinin gereğidir. Bu bağlamda ancak gecikmesinde sakınca bulunan hallerde Cumhuriyet savcısının, Cumhuriyet savcısına ulaşılamadığı hallerde de konut, işyeri, kamuya açık olmayan kapalı alanlar hariç olmak üzere kolluk amirinin yazılı emri ile arama yapılması mümkün kılınmıştır. Hâkim kararı dışında arama emri ile adli arama yapılması istisnai bir kurumdur ve bu sebeple bu yetkinin kullanılması ancak gecikmesinde sakınca bulunan hallerde söz konusu olacağından, gecikmesinde sakınca bulunan hal kavramının gerekçelendirilmesi bilgi, belge ve açıklamalarla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. İster arama kararına dayanılarak yapılan bir arama söz konusu olsun ister arama emrine istinaden arama işlemi gerçekleştirilmiş olsun, her halükârda delil elde edileceğine ya da belirli bir kişinin yakalanabileceğine dair basit tahminlerin ötesinde, somut olgulara dayalı bir makul şüphenin varlığı arama kararı veya arama emri verilebilmesi için şart koşulmuştur. Hukuka uygun bir arama kararı veya emrinin verilmesi ile artık arama kararının icrası söz konusu olacaktır. Arama kararının icrası, aramanın yapılacağı yer, kişi ve zamanlar açısından ayrı özellik göstermekle kanun ve yönetmelik hükümleriyle çizilen sınırlara uygun olarak aramanın icra edilmesi gerekmektedir Aksi bir durumda haksız arama suçundan, delillerin hukuka aykırılığından, hukuka aykırı aramadan doğan tazminat hakkından bahsedilecektir. Çalışmamızda bu başlıklar, daha ayrıntılı bir şekilde mevcut yargı kararları mevzuat hükümleri ve öğreti görüşleri ile incelenmiştir