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Investigation of the Motion of a Spherical Object Located at Soft Elastic and Viscoelastic Material Interface for Identification of Material Properties
No full textMeasuring the properties of soft viscoelastic materials is challenging. Here, the motion of a spherical object located at the soft elastic and viscoelastic material interface for the identification of material properties is thoroughly investigated. Formulations for different loading cases were derived. First, the theoretical models for a spherical object located at an elastic medium interface were derived, ignoring the medium viscosity. After summarizing the model for the force reducing to zero following the initial loading, we developed mathematical models for the force reducing to a lower non-zero value or increasing to a higher non-zero value, following the initial loading. Second, a similar derivation process was followed to evaluate the response of a spherical object located at a viscoelastic medium interface. Third, by performing systematic analyses, the theoretical models obtained via different approaches were compared and evaluated. Fourth, the measured and predicted responses of a spherical object located at a gelatin phantom interface were compared and the viscoelastic material properties were identified. It was seen that the frequency of oscillations of a spherical object located at the sample interface during loading was 10–15% different from that during unloading in the experimental studies here. The results showed that different loading cases have immense practical value and the formulations for different loading cases can provide an accurate determination of material properties in a multitude of biomedical and industrial applications. © 2023 King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok. All Rights Reserved.Salih Berk Yurdaer; Barcelona Supercomputing Center, BSC; Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK, (1919B012102179); Focused Ultrasound Foundation, FUF, (FUS1050R1); Little Princess Trust, LPT, (CCLGA 2022 25
The Body as the Site of Architectural Knowledge
No full textArchitecture is not only about buildings but more about the interwoven relationships betweenthe built environment, people, and other living organisms. So, the knowledge of architecturedoes not merely belong to the world of objects, yet to the whole world that consists of subjectsand objects. Here, the body becomes the mediator that constructs the relationship betweenthese two worlds. Through this relationship knowledge is produced within the body, thus thebody becomes the site of this knowledge production process. In this paper I would like to discussthe discovery and production of architectural knowledge through a theoretical background –based on the interconnected relationships between philosophy, psychology and architecture– and my teaching practices
A Bi-Objective Traffic Signal Optimization Model for Mixed Traffic Concerning Pedestrian Delays
No full textUrban traffic networks suffer in numerous ways from traffic congestion. Some of these adverse effects are increased travel times of cars, buses, bicycle users, pedestrians etc., with the addition of excessive greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation engineers and policy makers try to improve the quality of urban transportation systems by developing projects to enhance the pedestrian experience, reduce private car usage, reduce total time spent in the network through different control strategies, and diminish the detrimental effects. In this context, this study takes Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) and pedestrians into account at signal-controlled intersections. A novel intersection signal control optimization methodology that incorporates pedestrian delays and vehicular emissions from CAVs is presented. Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II is utilized to solve the multiobjective optimization problem. For the emission calculations, the MOVES3 emission model is utilized. The proposed framework is tested on real-world case study. Simulation experiments showed major improvements in pedestrian delays and lower emissions. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V
Graphene Encapsulated Fe-Based Nanoparticles Synthesized From Iron(ii) Sulfate Heptahydrate Containing Precursors: Influence of Chemical Vapor Deposition Parameters
No full textImportance of process parameters on thermal, microstructural, and magnetic properties of synthesized core/shell nanoparticles was investigated during their production via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Herein, iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate and fumed silica powders were mixed in ethanol, and the solution was used for precursor preparation by utilizing spray dryer. These prepared precursors were treated in the CVD process under methane/ hydrogen (CH4/H2) 4 /H 2 ) gas flow to synthesize graphene-encapsulated core/shell nanoparticles. CVD studies were performed at various temperatures (900-1000 degrees C), holding times (60, 90 min), and gas flow rates (100, 200 mL/ min). After CVD studies, purification was applied to remove uncoated nanoparticles, and remaining fumed silica phases originated from the precursor via selective acid leaching using hydrofloric acid (HF) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) solutions. X-ray diffractometry, Raman and Mospacing diaeresis>ssbauer spectroscopy, Zeta potential measurement, thermogravimetry combined with differential scanning calorimetry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) results yielded the optimized CVD parameters as 950 degrees C, 60 min, CH4/H2: 4 /H 2 : 1/1 and 50 mbar. The characterization results proved that multilayer graphene (d-spacing: 0.34 nm) encapsulated Fe/Fe3C 3 C nanoparticles (average core size: 46.9 nm, shell thickness: 16.6 nm) can be successfully synthesized by using CVD process followed by a leaching treatment. VSM results revealed that synthesized nanoparticles had soft ferromagnetic properties (Ms: s : 90.6-185 emu/ g; Hc: c : 255.4-301.6 Oe). Characterization results deepen the understanding of process parameters of CVD system on characteristics of core/shell nanoparticles.This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with the project number: 118F430. This study was also financed by Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP) with the project number: MDA-2022-43611. The authors also thank to Sedat Kurnaz from Kastamonu University for VSM analyses, to Sabanc ; imath; University (SUNUM) for TEM and Raman analyses, and M.Sc. Semih Ates , for HSC calculations. The support of COST Action CA18112 MechSustInd ( www.mechsustind.eu) , supported by the COST Association (European Cooperation in Science and Technology, www.cost.eu) is also acknowledged. TG/DSC and Mosbauer analyses were carried out thanks to the Short-Term Scientific Mission supported via this project.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [118F430]; Istanbul Technical University Scientific Research Projects (ITU-BAP) [MDA-2022-43611]; COST Association (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) [CA18112]; Short-Term Scientific Missio
Türkiye'de günümüz fabrikalarında boş zaman mekanlarının tasarımı
No full textBu araştırma, Türkiye'deki fabrikaların iş ve boş zaman kavramları arasındaki etkileşimini tarihsel ve güncel bağlamlarda incelemektedir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, Istanbul'daki güncel fabrika örnekleri üzerinden boş zamanın mekânsal olarak nasıl organize edildiğini ve çalışanların sosyal ve kültürel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaya yönelik çözümlerin nasıl değiştiğini analiz etmektir. Bu doğrultuda, 18. ve 19. yüzyıl Avrupa'sındaki fabrika yerleşim modelleri ile 20. yüzyıl Türkiye'sinde endüstrileşme süreciyle inşa edilen devlet destekli sosyal fabrikalar incelenmiş; her iki bağlamda işçilerin çalışma dışı yaşamlarına dair mekânsal düzenlemeler tarihsel ve teorik perspektiflerle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma, özellikle güncel fabrika örneklerine odaklanarak, boş zaman alanlarının günümüzdeki karşılığının çalışma mekanlarının tasarımında nasıl değiştiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde, boş zaman kavramı tarihsel ve kavramsal boyutlarıyla incelenmiş, Henri Lefebvre, Jean Baudrillard ve Frankfurt Okulu'nun katkılarıyla teorik bir çerçeve sunulmuştur. Ayrıca, Lazzarato, Marx, Lafargue ve Gorz'un iş-boş zaman ilişkisine dair yaklaşımları ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde, Türkiye'nin 20. yüzyıldaki modernleşme sürecinde devlet destekli inşa edilen tekstil, şeker ve kâğıt fabrikalarının sosyal alan ve boş zaman organizasyonları analiz edilmiştir. Son bölümde ise, günümüzde faaliyet gösteren fabrikaların boş zaman alanlarına yönelik mekânsal düzenlemeleri, saha gezileriyle yerinde gözlemlenmiş ve somut verilere dayandırılarak pratik bulgularla değerlendirilmiştir.This research examines the interaction between work and leisure concepts in factories in Turkey, both in historical and contemporary contexts. The primary aim of the research is to analyze how leisure time is spatially organized in contemporary factory examples in Istanbul and how solutions addressing workers' social and cultural needs have evolved. In this context, factory layout models in 18th and 19th-century Europe and state-supported social factories built during the industrialization process in 20th-century Turkey were examined; in both contexts, spatial arrangements regarding workers' non-working lives were analyzed from historical and theoretical perspectives. Spatial arrangements concerning workers' off-duty lives are analyzed through historical and theoretical perspectives. The research aims to reveal how the concept of leisure spaces has evolved in the design of work environments, specifically focusing on contemporary factory examples. The study consists of three chapters. The first chapter examines the concept of leisure in its historical and conceptual dimensions, presenting a theoretical framework shaped by the contributions of Henri Lefebvre, Jean Baudrillard, and the Frankfurt School. Additionally, Lazzarato, Marx, Lafargue, and Gorz's approaches to the relationship between work and leisure are discussed. The second chapter examines the organization of social and leisure spaces in Turkey's 20th-century state-sponsored industrial buildings, focusing on textile, sugar, and paper factories. The final section evaluates the spatial arrangements of leisure areas in currently operating factories based on observations made during field trips, with practical findings grounded in concrete data
Unlocking the Neural Mechanisms of Consumer Loan Evaluations: an Fnirs and Mlbased Consumer Neuroscience Study
No full textThis study conducted a comprehensive exploration of the neurocognitive processes underlying consumer credit decision-making using cutting-edge techniques from neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI). Employing functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), the research examines the hemodynamic responses of participants while evaluating diverse credit offers. The study integrates fNIRS data with advanced AI algorithms, specifically Extreme Gradient Boosting, CatBoost, and Light Gradient Boosted Machine, to predict participants' credit decisions based on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation patterns. Findings reveal distinctive PFC regions correlating with credit behaviors, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) associated with strategic decision-making, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) linked to emotional valuations, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) reflecting brand integration and reward processing. Notably, the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and the right vmPFC contribute to positive credit preferences. This interdisciplinary approach bridges neuroscience and finance, offering unprecedented insights into the neural mechanisms guiding financial choices. The study's predictive model holds promise for refining financial services and illuminating human financial behavior within the burgeoning field of neurofinance. The work exemplifies the potential of interdisciplinary research to enhance our understanding of human financial decision-making
The monetary gold principle and Nicaragua v. Germany Case: dismiss or proceed?
No full textNikaragua 1 Mart 2024’te, İsrail'e silah ve yardım sağlayarak uluslararası hukuku çeşitli yönlerden ihlal ettiği iddiasıyla Almanya aleyhine Uluslararası Adalet Divanı'na (UAD) başvurmuştur. Buna karşılık Almanya, İsrail'in davanın vazgeçilmez tarafı olduğunu savunarak UAD'nin bu davada yargı yetkisini kullanamayacağını ileri sürmüş ve böylece parasal altın ilkesini tekrar gündeme getirmiştir. Bu makale, UAD'nin 1954 yılında '1943'te Roma'dan Çıkarılan Parasal Altın' davasında geliştirdiği ve aynı isimle anılan parasal altın ilkesini incelemektedir. Bu ilke, davanın kilit noktasının üçüncü bir devletin eylem ve işlemlerinin değerlendirilmesini teşkil ettiği durumlarda UAD’nin yargı yetkisini kullanmaktan kaçınmasına ilişkindir. Çalışma, ilkenin kapsamını ve UAD kararlarındaki uygulamalarını analiz ederek, Nikaragua v. Almanya davasında ilkenin uygulanabilirliğini tartışmaktadır. Çalışmada, soykırımı önleme ve insancıl hukuka riayet etme yükümlülüklerinin kapsamını incelenerek, Almanya’nın yükümlülüklerinin İsrail'in eylemlerinden bağımsız olarak ele alınıp alınmayacağı değerlendirilmektedir
Artificial Intelligence Driven Multivariate Time Series Analysis of Network Traffic Prediction
No full textIEEE SMC; IEEE Turkiye SectionThe primary objective of this research is to employ artificial intelligence, machine learning, and neural networks in order to construct a network traffic prediction model. The analysis of network traffic data obtained from a digital media and entertainment provider operating in Turkey is conducted through the application of multivariate time-series analysis techniques in order to get insights into the temporal patterns and trends. In model development, Vector Autoregression (VAR), Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) algorithms have been utilized. LSTM and GRU models have performed better with low Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and high R-squared Score (R2). LSTM model has reached 0.98 R2 and 8.95% MAPE. These results indicate that the models can be utilized in network management optimization as resource allocation, congestion detection, anomaly detection, and quality of service. © 2024 IEEE.DSmart R;D Cente
An Intersectionality Perspective of Organizational Stereotypes and Interpersonal Dynamics
No full textPeople have overlapping identities that impact their experiences. It is, therefore, essential to examine relationships between social identities to understand stereotypes and their effects better. The primary objective of this study was to explore perceptions of sexual orientation, age, gender, ethnicity, and stereotypical attributes of warmth and competence in a Turkish organizational context. The secondary objective was to discern coworker and manager preferences based on the intersection of these categories. A sample of 451 university students rated hypothetical work profiles. Analysis showed that Turkishness was pivotal in shaping social perceptions and workplace relationship preferences. The integration of stigmatized group categories, such as Kurdish identity, with non-stigmatized categories showed adverse impacts on preferences. The research highlights the importance of studying the interplay among diverse identity categories when analyzing social dynamics. We propose practical and theoretical implications concerning workplace diversity and discrimination
Remarks On The Legal Nature Of Break- Up Fee Clauses Used In Mergers and Acqusitions' Processes
No full textŞirket birleşme-devralmaları, gerek dünyanın birçok yerinde gerekse de Türkiye’de yaygın biçimde ve sıklıkla gündeme gelen uygulamalardır. Bu uygulamaların başarılı biçimde sonuca ulaştırılmaları, işlemlere taraf olanlar bakımından fevkalade önemlidir. Diğer taraftan, umulmayan bir aksilikle karşılaşıldığında nasıl hareket edileceği noktasında belirli planlamaların yapılması hususu da aynı derecede bir önemi haiz bulunur. Bunun sağlanması, ancak iyi kurgulanmış amaca uygun sözleşmesel düzenlemelerle mümkündür, öyle ki ancak bu şekilde birleşme-devralma süreçleri sağlıklı bir şekilde ilerletilebilecek, gündeme gelebilecek riskler de asgari bir düzeye indirilebilecektir. İşte bahsi geçen sözleşmesel düzenlemeler dahilinde sıklıkla yer verilen hükümlerden biri de “break-up fee” klozudur. Uygulamada farklı adlar altında anılabilecek olan bu kloz, duruma göre ya yaratacağı dolaylı etkiyle birleşme-devralma sürecinin başarıyla sonuçlandırılmasına hizmet eder ya da bu sürecin akamete uğraması durumunda oluşabilecek zarar riskinin bertaraf edilmesini hedef tutar. Bununla birlikte, sözü geçen klozların homojen ve tekil bir içerikte oldukları da söylenemez, daha çok ihtiyaca göre farklı görünümlere büründürülebilecekleri ifade edilebilir. Anılan bağlamda, Türk Hukuku özelinde bu klozların olası farklı görünümlerinin hukuki niteliklerinin ve bunlara uygulanacak hükümlerin tespit edilmesi önem arz etmektedir. İşbu çalışmamız, şirket birleşme ve devralmaları süreçlerinde gündeme gelebilecek sözü geçen klozların farklı görünümleri üzerinden bu tespitlerin yapılmasına odaklanmaktadır.Company mergers and acquisitions processes are common and frequent practices both in many parts of the world and in Turkey. The successful conclusion of such transactions is of utmost importance for their related parties, especially the high transaction amounts taken into consideration. On the other hand, it is equally important to plan how to proceed in the event of an unexpected disruptive situation. This can only be ensured through well-drafted, fit-for-purpose contractual arrangements. One of the contractual provisions frequently included in the aforementioned arrangements is the “break-up fee” clause. This clause specifically aims to successfully finalize a certain mergers and acquisitions process or to eliminate the risk of loss in the event of the failure thereof. However, it cannot be said that break-up fee clauses have a homogeneous and singular content. In the said context, it is important to determine the legal nature of the different possible appearances of these clauses and the legal provisions that are applicable to them under Turkish Law. Accordingly, this article focuses on the legal qualification of the different appearances of the aforementioned clauses used in mergers and acquisitions‟ processe