IEU GCRIS Database (İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi)
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Fotovoltaik (PV) Sistemlerde Anlık Hata Tespitinin Belirlemesinde Bir Boyutlu Konvolüsiyonel Sinir Ağı (CNN) Kullanımı
No full textIn this study, fault detection in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems was achieved using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) model. The primary aim of this study is to develop a method that accurately and promptly detects and classifies faults that may occur in grid-connected PV systems. With the increasing demand for energy and growing interest in renewable energy sources, the reliability and efficiency of PV systems have become critically important. Early detection of faults in PV systems is vital for ensuring continuity in energy production, preventing energy losses, and reducing maintenance costs. The performance of the 1D CNN model was evaluated based on its accuracy. The results revealed that the model achieved higher accuracy rates compared to traditional methods like Support Vector Machines (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). This demonstrates that the 1D CNN model is a robust alternative for fault detection in PV systems The GPVS-Fault dataset was used in the study, which analyzed the critical variables in PV systems such as Ipv, Vpv, Vdc, ia, ib, ic, va, vb, vc, Iabc, If, Vabc and Vf. The graphical analysis of these variables highlighted the deviations and irregularities caused by the faults. The fault detection and classification process consisted of three main steps. First, through data analysis, fault indicators were clearly observed in the F1, F2, F3 and F4 files. Then, the detected faults were labeled and prepared for classification. Keywords: Grid-Connected PV Systems, 1D CNN, Fault DetectionBu çalışmada, şebekeye bağlı fotovoltaik (PV) sistemlerde 1D CNN modeli kullanılarak arıza tespiti belirlenmesi sağlanmıştır. Artan enerji ihtiyacı ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan ilginin bir sonucu olarak, PV sistemlerin güvenilirliği ve verimliliği kritik önem taşımaktadır. PV sistemlerde arızaların erken tespiti, enerji üretiminde sürekliliği sağlamak, enerji kayıplarını önlemek ve bakım maliyetlerini azaltmak açısından büyük bir öneme sahiptir. 1D CNN modeli, doğruluk, üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, modelin SVM ve KNN gibi geleneksel yöntemlere kıyasla daha yüksek doğruluk oranları sağladığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu da modelin PV sistemlerde arıza tespiti için güçlü bir alternatif olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada, GPVS-Arızaveri seti kullanılarak PV sistemlerdeki Ipv, Vpv, Vdc, ia, ib, ic, va, vb, vc, Iabc, If, Vabc ve Vf gibi kritik değişkenler incelenmiştir. Bu değişkenler üzerinden grafiksel analizler yapılmış, arızaların neden olduğu sapmalar ve düzensizlikler tespit edilmiştir. Arıza tespiti ve sınıflandırma süreci üç ana adımdan oluşmaktadır. İlk olarak, veriler üzerinde yapılan analizlerle F1, F2, F3 ve F4 dosyalarındaki arıza belirtileri açıkça gözlemlenmiştir. Ardından, tespit edilen arızalar etiketlenerek sınıflandırma için uygun hale getirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Şebekeye Bağlı PV Sistemler, 1D CNN (1 Boyutlu Konvolüsyonel Sinir Ağı), Arıza Tespit
Piercing the "Digital Veil" in the Intellectual and Artistic Works Created Through Ai
No full textThe rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) underscores the need for legal and ethical frameworks governing AI-generated content to ensure accountability and protect the rights of creators and stakeholders. The potential recognition of AI as a separate legal entity raises significant concerns regarding misuse by individuals associated with such entities, a risk that remains even in the absence of formal legal recognition. The lack of adequate legal regulation may enable entities employing AI technologies to evade responsibility, thereby exacerbating issues such as bias and misinformation in AI outputs. Considering the substantial anticipated contributions of AI to the global economy, it is essential to engage in rigorous discourse regarding authorship and develop mechanisms aimed at mitigating potential misuse. These initiatives are crucial for promoting responsible innovation and enhancing public trust within creative industries. © 2025, IGI Global Scientific Publishing
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Turkish Version of the 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale
No full textIntroduction: Locomotive syndrome, characterized by gait disorders, loss of balance, and cognitive difficulties, significantly impacts older adults by increasing morbidity and reducing independence. This study aimed to adapt the 25-item Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale into Turkish and evaluate its validity and reliability. Materials and Method: The translation process involved forward and backward translations by bilingual experts to ensure linguistic and conceptual equivalence with the original scale. A total of 250 individuals aged >= 65 years participated, completing the Turkish version of the scale alongside functional mobility tests; the timed up-and-go, five repetitions of sit-to-stand, two-step, and standing tests. Participants repeated the scale 1 week after the initial evaluation to assess the test-retest reliability. Results: The internal consistency of the Turkish version was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.952). Test-retest reliability, assessed 1 week apart, yielded an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.974, indicating excellent reliability. Concurrent validity was examined by correlating scale scores with functional test results. Significant correlations were observed (p 0.001), with Pearson's correlation coefficients of 0.472 for timed up-and-go, 0.504 for five repetitions of sit-to-stand,-0.871 for the two-step test, and-0.518 for the standing test. These findings demonstrate that the Turkish version is a valid and reliable tool for assessing mobility impairment and functional limitation in older adults. Conclusion: The adaptation and validation of the 25-item Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale into Turkish provide a comprehensive measure for evaluating and monitoring locomotor function, supporting early detection and intervention in this population
An Analysis of Sample Size Calculations in Randomized Control Trials in Emergency Medicine
No full textIntroduction: Sample size calculation enhances the quality of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and, according to the CONSORT statement, should be reported and justified in published articles. This study aimed to evaluate the current quality of sample size calculation reporting in RCTs published in emergency medicine journals. Methods: The Web of Science (WoS) database was used for article retrieval. Journals indexed in WoS, published in English, categorized under "emergency medicine," and ranked in Q1 were included in the search. The sample size calculation method, power value, alpha value, effect size, and consideration of missing data were evaluated. Results: A total of 252 RCTs from 12 emergency medicine journals were included in the study. Only 30% of the articles explicitly stated compliance with CONSORT guidelines. Sample size calculations were reported in 84% of the articles. Alpha values were omitted in 12 % and beta (power) values in 8% of the articles. Effect sizes were not reported in 90 % of the studies. Notably, 11 % of the articles claiming CONSORT compliance did not include a sample size analysis. In the logistic regression analysis, none of the variables showed a statistically significant association with the presence of sample size analysis. Conclusion: Although emergency medicine journals show relatively better adherence to sample size calculation reporting compared to some other disciplines, their overall performance remains suboptimal. The findings highlight ongoing and significant deficiencies in the quality of RCT reporting, indicating that even leading journals in the field fall short of fully meeting recommended standards. (c) 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies
The Compensatory Effect of Education as Revealed by Resting-State Electroencephalographic Alpha Rhythms in Patients With Dementia Due To Parkinson’s Disease: Findings From an Exploratory Study
No full textHere, we investigated whether educational attainment influences the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying vigilance regulation, as reflected in resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms, in patients with dementia due to Parkinson's (PDD) and Lewy body disease (DLB). Clinical, demographic, and rsEEG data were obtained from an international database, including PDD patients (N = 75), DLB patients (N = 50), and cognitively unimpaired older controls (Healthy; N = 54). Each group was partitioned into low (Edu-) and high (Edu+) educational attainment subgroups, matched for age, sex, and cognitive-motor status. We analyzed rsEEG rhythms across the individual delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands. Cortical rsEEG source topography was estimated using eLORETA freeware. In the Healthy group, Edu+ participants exhibited significantly greater widespread rsEEG alpha source activities compared to Edu- participants, possibly reflecting neuroprotective neurophysiological mechanisms. Conversely, in the PDD group, Edu+ patients showed lower widespread rsEEG alpha source activities than Edu- patients, possibly indicating compensatory mechanisms. No significant differences in rsEEG source activities were observed between DLB-Edu+ and DLB-Edu- patients. Educational attainment may be associated with compensatory mechanisms that counteract the abnormal neurophysiological processes underlying rsEEG alpha rhythms and vigilance regulation in PDD patients, but not in DLB patients. Future studies combining rsEEG and neuroimaging techniques should investigate the metabolic and functional connectivity correlates of these putative compensatory mechanisms in the PDD brain. Early education may be a key investment for national governments, especially in low-income countries, to prevent the cognitive deficits of Parkinson's disease along aging, thereby reducing the unbearable social and economic burden.Open access funding provided by Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. This study used data from the PDWAVES Consortium (www.pdwaves.eu). The partners and their respective institutional affiliations are listed on the cover page of this manuscript.The clinical, neuropsychological, and magnetic resonance imaging data analyses were partially supported by funds of "Ricerca Corrente" attributed by the Italian Ministry of Health to the IRCCS Synlab SDN of Naples (Italy), Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina (Italy), IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli (Italy), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova (Italy), and IRCCS San Raffaele of Rome (Italy).Susanna Lopez was supported by the grant "BE FOR ERC 2023" from the Sapienza University of Rome.Claudio Del Percio was partially supported by the funds of the project eBRAIN-Health - Actionable Multilevel Health Data, Call and Sponsor: HORIZON 2021, HORIZON-INFRA-2021-TECH-01 (HORIZON-INFRA-2021-TECH-01-01-Interdisciplinary digital twins for modeling and simulating complex phenomena at the service of research infrastructure communities), Grant Agreement: GAP-101058516.Roberta Lizio was supported by the funds of the project titled "Fast screening of cognitive and motor functions in elderly patients with cognitive-motor deficits using digital indices: a green telemedicine service to reduce the environmental impact of mobility related to the periodic assessment of cog-nitive functions in healthcare facilities" from the Call PON "Green-digital" resources for technological innovation and environmental sustainability (DM 1062/2021) Program of the Italian Ministry of University and Research.Matteo Pardini was supported by the grant with the following reference: PE00000006 "PNRR MUR-M4 C2-MNESYS - A multiscale integrated approach to the study of the nervous system in health and disease (MNESYS)"-EXTENDED PARTNERSHIP #12, SPOKE 6, CASCADE CALL from PNRR, Mission 4, Component 2 (CUP: D33C22001340002).Fabrizio Stocchi was partially supported by the funds of the project titled "TELEmonitoraggio e neuromodulazione del ciclo sonno-veglia e della fluttuazione delle funzioni cognitive in pazienti con Malattie neurodegenerative: validazione di un tool di Intelligenza Artificiale (TELEMAIA)" from the Call "REGIONE LAZIO FOR COMPETITIVE REPURPOSING FOR RESEARCH-DEVELOPMENT-INNOVATION 2023."John-Paul Taylor was supported by the Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre.Laura Bonanni was partially supported by the funds of the project "Assessment of brain functions in Lewy Body disease patients using telemonitoring DIGITAL markers as inputs to artificial intelligence (LBDigital)," Call and Sponsor: ANNUAL STRATEGIC PROGRAM OF ITALIAN MINIS-TRY OF UNIVERSITY AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH, Grant Agreement: 2010SH7H3 F, PNRR Mission 4 Component 1 granted by European Union-NextGenerationEU, CUP: B53D23019150006.Paolo Barone and Angelo Antonini were partially supported by the funds of the project "Effects of endogenous and exogenous risk factors in patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases using clinical indexes and endophenotypes (biomark-ers) as inputs to artificial intelligence" (PREDICT-NEURODE-GEN), Call and Sponsor: ANNUAL STRATEGIC PROGRAM OF ITALIAN MINISTRY OF HEALTH, Grant Agreement: PNRR-MAD-2022-12376415.Claudio Babiloni was partly supported by the grant Progetto ECS 0000024 Rome Technopole, CUP B83 C22002820006, PNRR Mission 4 Component 2 Investment 1.5, which was granted by the European Union-NextGenerationEU.Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza within the CRUI-CARE Agreement; Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina (Italy); IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli (Italy); IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova (Italy); IRCCS San Raffaele of Rome (Italy); Sapienza University of Rome; HORIZON 2021, HORIZON-INFRA-2021-TECH-01 [HORIZON-INFRA-2021-TECH-01-01, GAP-101058516]; Program of the Italian Ministry of University and Research [DM 1062/2021]; PNRR [PE00000006, CUP: D33C22001340002]; REGIONE LAZIO FOR COMPETITIVE REPURPOSING FOR RESEARCH-DEVELOPMENT-INNOVATION 2023; Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre; ANNUAL STRATEGIC PROGRAM OF ITALIAN MINIS-TRY OF UNIVERSITY AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH [2010SH7H3]; European Union-NextGenerationEU [CUP: B53D23019150006]; ANNUAL STRATEGIC PROGRAM OF ITALIAN MINISTRY OF HEALTH [PNRR-MAD-2022-12376415]; European Union-NextGenerationEU [ECS 0000024, CUP B83 C22002820006
Peter Zumthor Örneğinde Bir Mekanın Duyusal Farkındalığını ve Hafızasını Anlamak
No full textThis thesis examines the roles of phenomenology, memory and experiential architectural elements in perception of space through their relationship with each other. Under this framework, the Swiss Architect Peter Zumthor and his two projects, Therme Vals and Bruder Klaus Field Chapel buildings are examined as case studies. The main aim is to understand how the atmosphere in these buildings is felt in mind memory of places that have not been experienced physically, but only by looking at visual and text media in comparison to Zumthor's design approach. The research method utilized is case study with online survey. Survey results show that, while Zumthor creates sensory spaces, he uses personal memory from work experiences and his academic memory, and creates design concepts that include metaphorical thoughts in the space by looking at the memory of the site that he will design for. Zumthor turns intangible design ideas into tangible ones by using materials, textures and dramatic light. According to the results of the survey, the types of atmospheres that Zumthor aimed to evoke were mostly felt by participants. However, the phenomenological thoughts in the building by Zumthor cannot be directly perceived by participants.Bu tez, fenomenoloji, hafıza ve deneyimsel mimari ögelerinin mimari mekandaki rollerini ve bu kavramların birbirleriyle olan ilişkilerini inceler. Bu çerçeve altında, İsviçreli Mimar Peter Zumthor ve ona ait Therme Vals ve Bruder Klaus Fiels Şapeli binalarını vaka çalışması olarak inceler. Çalışmanın önemi, Zumthor'un tasarım yaklaşımıyla karşılaştırmalı olarak bu binalardaki atmosferin fiziksel olarak deneyimlememiş sadece görsel ve yazılı medyaya bakan kişilerin zihin hafızasında nasıl hissedildiğini anlamaktır. Tez, bu konuları vaka çalışmaları üzerinden online anket metodu ile inceler. Anket çalışması sonuçlarına göre Peter Zumthor, duyusal mekanlar yaratırken, kendi geçmiş çalışma dönemlerine dair kişisel hafızasını ve mimari akademik hafızasını kullanırken, mekanları, tasarlayacağı çevrenin hafızasına bakarak mekanda metaforik düşünceleri içeren tasarım konseptleri oluşturmaktadır. Zumthor, tüm bu soyut tasarım düşüncelerini de deneyimsel mimarinin uygulama yöntemlerinden olan; doğal malzeme, farklı dokular ve dramatik ışığı kullanarak bina içinde somutlaştırmaktadır. Anket sonuçlarına göre katılımcıların zihin hafızasında çoğunlukla Zumthor'un hedeflediği atmosfer türleri oluşmaktadır. Ancak Zumthor'un bina içerisinde somutlaştırdığı fenomenoloji felsefesinin ürünü olan metaforik düşünceler sadece bina görselleri ve bina tanıtım yazısına bakılarak katılımcılarım zihin hafızasında tam anlamıyla direkt olarak algılanamamaktadır
Selective JAK-1 Inhibitor Upadacitinib and Peptide PD29 Modulate the JAK and TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathways Reducing Experimental Dermal Fibrosis
No full textThis study investigates the antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and the PD29 peptide in the context of systemic sclerosis (SSc), a condition characterized by dermal thickening, chronic inflammation, and excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and pulmonary fibrosis represent serious and often fatal complications associated with SSc. The pathogenesis of SSc involves dysregulation of immune responses and aberrant activation of signaling pathways, including TGF beta/Smad. The antifibrotic properties of upadacitinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor, and PD29 peptide were evaluated using a bleomycin-induced SSc mouse model and primary human lung fibroblasts. Both agents, administered individually or in combination, significantly attenuated dermal thickening, myofibroblast transdifferentiation, collagen deposition, and activation of the TGF-beta 1 signaling axis. In vivo and in vitro analyses demonstrated that upadacitinib and PD29 downregulated key fibrotic markers, including alpha-SMA, JAK1, TGF-beta 1, Smad2, and collagen-1, at both the gene and protein levels. Furthermore, treatment significantly reduced systemic inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Notably, combination therapy exhibited a more pronounced effect compared to monotherapy. These findings suggest that upadacitinib and PD29 exert potent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects through suppression of TGF-beta 1-mediated Smad2/3 signaling, predominantly via inhibition of JAK1 activation. Consequently, JAK inhibitors and PD29 represent promising therapeutic candidates for the management of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis.This project was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) (Project number: 220S454) .Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [220S454
Incorporating Ethics Into Infectious Disease Clinical Practice Guidelines
No full textBackground: Incorporating ethics into clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) can be challenging. This is particularly evident for infectious diseases (ID) CPGs because of the complexity of ID ethics (IDE) and the multiplicity of populations at risk for infections. Objectives: The OPENING project (IncOrPorating Ethics iN ClINical Guidelines: Practical Indications) was initiated by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Ethics Advisory Committee in collaboration with the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Guidelines Subcommittee to generate guidelines for the systematic inclusion of ethics principles into ID CPGs. Sources: The first part of the project, presented here, aimed at: (a) performing a scoping review of articles published in PubMed and Google Scholar between 1990 and 2024 discussing ethics inclusion in CPGs; (b) reviewing guidance documents for ethics incorporation in documents from international societies; (c) outlining how the main ethics principles could be included in ID CPGs according to the results retrieved. Content: We retrieved 21 articles written between 1994 and 2024. None of these specifically focused on IDE. The main topic discussed in articles and societies' guidance was the inclusion of equity principles at different stages of CPGs development. Multiple authors also addressed how specific subgroups and disadvantaged populations should be considered in the preparation of CPGs. Involvement of patients and their representatives in CPGs was also advocated. A structured framework for the systematic inclusion of IDE principles in CPGs was suggested to summarize these points. Implications: There is a lack of recommendations for incorporating ethics in ID CPGs. Efforts should be made by scientific societies to include ethics guidelines in ID CPGs to fill this gap. © 2025 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Bearing Fault Detection in Adjustable Speed Drives Via Self-Organized Operational Neural Networks
No full textAdjustable speed drives (ASDs) are widely used in industry for controlling electric motors in applications such as rolling mills, compressors, fans, and pumps. Condition monitoring of ASD-fed induction machines is very critical for preventing failures. Motor current signature analysis offers a non-invasive approach to assess motor condition. Application of conventional convolutional neural networks provides good results in detecting and classifying fault types for utility line-fed motors, but the accuracy drops considerably in the case of ASD-fed motors. This work introduces the use of self-organized operational neural networks to enhance the accuracy of detecting and classifying bearing faults in ASD-fed induction machines. Our approach leverages the nonlinear neurons and self-organizing capabilities of self-organized operational neural networks to better handle the non-stationary nature of ASD operations, providing more reliable fault detection and classification with minimal preprocessing and low complexity, using raw motor current data. © The Author(s) 2024
The Emerging Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in Brain Tumor Research
No full textBrain tumors provide considerable diagnostic and treatment challenges due to their intricate nature and the hazards linked to direct tissue biopsies. Owing to the restricted sensitivity and specificity of conventional procedures, new techniques like liquid biopsy have garnered attention. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), present in physiological fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma, has emerged as a viable instrument for noninvasive tumor characterization. Hence, advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR have enhanced the sensitivity of ctDNA detection, rendering it a feasible method for monitoring tumor dynamics and evaluating therapy responses. Research indicates that ctDNA strongly correlates with tumor heterogeneity, providing a superior alternative to single-site tissue biopsies. CSF, due to its proximity to the brain, offers elevated amounts of ctDNA for examination relative to plasma, particularly in central nervous system (CNS) cancers. Research indicates that ctDNA can detect actionable mutations, forecast little residual illness, and enable real-time monitoring of disease development and resistance. Notwithstanding these advantages, difficulties, including poor ctDNA yield and heterogeneity in detection methodologies persist. This review examines the clinical efficacy of ctDNA in brain tumor diagnosis, emphasizes technical developments in ctDNA analysis, and stresses the necessity for standardized methods. Comprehending the capabilities and constraints of ctDNA can facilitate the development of more accurate, individualized therapy approaches in neuro-oncology